Sweet Corn (Zea mays) Cultivar Tolerance to Application Timing of Nicosulfuron

1993 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 840-843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darren K. Robinson ◽  
David W. Monks ◽  
Jonathan R. Schultheis ◽  
A. Douglas Worsham
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Visible Injury ◽  
Application Timing ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Stages Of Growth ◽  
Stage Yield

'Silver Xtra Sweet’, ‘How Sweet It Is', ‘Zenith’ and 'Sweetie 76’ were evaluated for response to 0, 35, and 70 g/ha nicosulfuron applied POST at the 5- to 6- or 7- to 8-leaf stages of growth. Nicosulfuron (35 g/ha) caused 60 to 80% visible injury to Silver Xtra Sweet. How Sweet It Is and Zenith were moderately tolerant (< 20% visible injury) and Sweetie 76 was the most tolerant (10% visible injury). All cultivars were less tolerant when nicosulfuron was applied at the 7- to 8-leaf than the 5- to 6-leaf stage. Plant height of Silver Xtra Sweet was reduced 51% by 35 g/ha nicosulfuron applied at the 5- to 6-leaf stage and injury increased when nicosulfuron was applied at the 7- to 8-leaf stage. Yield losses of Silver Xtra Sweet occurred as a result of the nicosulfuron treatments.

Interactions Between Primisulfuron and Selected Soil-Applied Insecticides in Corn (Zea mays)

1992 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 807-812 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darrin L. Biediger ◽  
Paul A. Baumann ◽  
Dave N. Weaver ◽  
James M. Chandler ◽  
Morris G. Merkle
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Root Injury

Field experiments were conducted at two locations in 1989 and 1990 to investigate possible interactions between POST applications of primisulfuron and selected soil-applied carbamate and organophosphate corn insecticides. Insecticides were applied in-furrow at planting, at recommended use rates. Primisulfuron was applied POST to corn in the three- or five-leaf stage at 0, 20, 40, or 80 g ai ha-1. Combinations of primisulfuron with disulfoton, fonofos, isozophos, or terbufos resulted in foliar and root injury, plant height reductions, and yield losses. No foliar or root injury, plant height reductions, or yield losses were observed from combinations of primisulfuron and carbaryl, carbofuran, chlorpyrifos, or diazinon. Differences among and within the experiments are attributed to edaphic and environmental conditions at the time of primisulfuron application.

EPTC Plus R-25788 Injury to Corn (Zea Mays) as Affected by Plant Age at Treatment

Weed Science ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 460-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. W. Burt ◽  
C. A. Buzio
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Plant Age ◽  
Entire Period ◽  
Respective Control ◽  
Height Reduction ◽  
Stages Of Growth ◽  
Greenhouse Study ◽  
Herbicide Treatment

The susceptibility of corn (Zea maysL. ‘Pioneer 3334A’) at different stages of growth to EPTC (S-ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate) plus a herbicide-protectant, R-25788 (N,N-diallyl-2,2-dichloroacetamide), was studied in the greenhouse. Corn was treated with either 25 ppm or 12.5 ppm EPTC containing R-25788 at planting and at 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks thereafter. The herbicide was soil-applied and immediately incorporated by watering. Phytotoxicity and plant height were observed periodically for 56 days after herbicide treatment. Within 21 days after treatment with 25 ppm EPTC containing R-25788, injury and plant height reduction occurred in corn treated at planting, or at 2 and 4 weeks but not at 6 or 8 weeks after planting. At 56 days, however, corn treated at planting or 2 weeks after planting had outgrown all injury symptoms and was as tall as the controls (>84%). Corn treated at 4 weeks after planting, however, still remained injured and was 45% as tall as its respective control. Corn treated at 6 to 8 weeks showed no injury during the entire period of observations. The data indicates that corn is most susceptible to EPTC plus R-25788 at 4 weeks after planting. The results of this greenhouse study are discussed in relation to corn injury as observed in the field.

In-Furrow Terbufos Reduces Field and Sweet Corn (Zea mays) Tolerance to Nicosulfuron

1993 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 934-939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cathy A. Morton ◽  
R. Gordon Harvey ◽  
James J. Kells ◽  
Douglas A. Landis ◽  
William E. Lueschen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Nonionic Surfactant ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Field Corn ◽  
Previously Treated

Field experiments were conducted in Michigan, Minnesota, and Wisconsin in 1990 to explore interactions between nicosulfuron applied POST and terbufos insecticide at 0.06 or 0.11 g ai/m of row applied in-furrow on ‘Pioneer 3751’ field corn and ‘Jubilee’ sweet corn. Nicosulfuron at 0, 70, and 140 g ai/ha plus nonionic surfactant and 28% nitrogen fertilizer was applied to both corn types. Field corn response to nicosulfuron and terbufos was similar at all locations, whereas sweet corn injury varied with location. Nicosulfuron injured field corn more when applied at the four-leaf than the three-leaf stage. Injury to both corn types increased as nicosulfuron rate increased or when applied following terbufos. Nicosulfuron at 140 g/ha without terbufos did not reduce yield of either corn type; however, corn previously treated in-furrow with terbufos reduced yield.

Management of Liquid Organic Waste from Palm Oil Plant and Compost Cow to the Growth and Production of Sweet Corn (Zea mays saccharata Sturt)

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Tharmizi Hakim
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Palm Oil Mill ◽  
Mill Waste

The growth and production of sweet corn (Zea mays saccharata Sturt) are strongly influenced by good genetics and environmental factors, including how to cultivate the soil so that the availability of nutrients is quite balanced. The long-term goal of this research is to determine the effectiveness of a combination of palm oil mill effluent (LCPKS) and cow dung waste (LKTS) with EM4 bio-activator applied to sweet corn (Zea mays saccharata Sturt). This study used a factorial randomized block design (RBD) consisting of 2 factors with 12 treatment combinations and 3 replications to obtain 36 research plots. The factors studied are the formulation factor of a mixture of palm oil mill effluent with cow dung waste, which is denoted by (A) consisting of A1 = 70% palm oil mill waste and 30% cow dung, A2 = 50% effluent palm oil mill and 50% cow dung waste, A3 = 30% palm oil mill waste and 70% cow dung waste. The dose factor with the symbol (D) consists of, D0 = control, D1 = 1.5 kg per plot, D2 = 3 kg per plot, D3 = 4.5 kg per plot. The parameters observed were plant height (cm), biomass samples (grams), sample production (grams) and plot production (kg). The results showed that different waste mix formulations and administration of different doses did not significantly influence plant height parameters because compost maturity must be assessed by measuring two or more compost parameters to prevent phytotoxicity. Therefore, quality assurance must be carried out on compost to determine the factors that cause phytotoxicity and also research must be intensified in determining lines that will be able to degrade waste faster, more efficiently and also produce non-toxic compost that mixes the soil produced in plant growth. In addition, care must be taken in selecting raw materials for composting. The results showed that the mixed waste formulations significantly affected the biomass of the sample, where the highest average was obtained in processing A3 (30% of palm oil mill waste and 70% of cow dung waste. The research results also showed that dosing had a very significant effect on biomass parameter sample, sample production and plot production where the highest average is in the D3 treatment (4.5 kg per plot).

scholarly journals RESPON PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN JAGUNG MANIS (Zea Mays L. Saccharata Sturt) TERHADAP PEMBERIAN KOTORAN AYAM DAN GUANO WALET PADA TANAH GAMBUT PEDALAMAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-79
Author(s):  
Hariyadi Hariyadi
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Plant Leave ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Single Use

The experiment aimed at investigating the effect of chicken manure and swallow guano and the interaction of both on sweet corn (Zea mays L. saccharata Sturt.) plated onraised-bog peatlend. The experiment used a group-randomized design (GRD) 2 factors: chicken dung and swallow guano having the same three levels (A1=5 t ha-1; A2=10 t ha-1; A3=15 t ha-1). Parameter to observe was the plant height and the plant leave area. The result showed that the single use of swallow guano and chicken manure had significant effect on the plant height and the plant leave area. The best use of swallow guano was at a dose of 15 t ha-1and the best use of chicken manure was at a dose of 10 t ha-1. The best combination was at a dose of 15 t ha-1of swallow guano and 10 t ha-1of chicken manure.   Percobaan ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh pemberianpupuk kandang kotoran ayam dan guano walet serta interaksinya terhadapJagung Manis (Zea mays L. saccharata Sturt.) yang ditanam pada Tanah Gambut Pedalaman. Percobaan dilakukan denganrancangan acak kelompok (RAK) 2 faktor yaitu pupuk kandang kotoran ayam dan pupuk guano walet masing-masing dengan 3 taraf yang sama (A1/W1= 5 t ha-1; A2/W2=10 t ha-1; A3/W3=15 t ha-1). Peubahyang diamati adalah tinggi tanaman dan luas daun tanaman jagung manis. Hasilenunjukkan bahwa pemberian tunggal pupuk guano walet dan pupuk kotoran ayam  berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman dan luas daun. Dosis terbaik pupuk guano walet tunggal adalah 15 t ha-1dan dosis pupuk kotoran ayam tunggal adalah 10 t ha-1. Kombinasi perlakuan terbaik didapat pada perlakuan 15 t ha-1pupuk guano walet dan 10 t ha-1 pupuk kotoran ayam.

scholarly journals Tolerance of Eight Sweet Corn (Zea mays L.) Hybrids to Pyroxasulfone

HortScience ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 170-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah R. Sikkema ◽  
Nader Soltani ◽  
Peter H. Sikkema ◽  
Darren E. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Field Corn

Pyroxasulfone is an experimental herbicide for use in field corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean that may have potential for weed management in sweet corn. Tolerance of eight sweet corn hybrids to pyroxasulfone applied preemergence (PRE) at rates of 0, 209, and 418 g·ha−1 a.i. were studied at two Ontario locations in 2005 and 2006. Pyroxasulfone applied PRE at 209 and 418 g·ha−1 caused minimal (less than 3%) injury in Harvest Gold, GH2041, GH9589, GSS9299, GG214, GG446, GG763, and GG447 sweet corn hybrids at 7, 14, and 28 days after emergence. Pyroxasulfone applied PRE did not reduce plant height, cob size, or yield of any of the sweet corn hybrids tested in this study. Based on these results, pyroxasulfone applied PRE at the rates evaluated can be safely used for weed management in Harvest Gold, GH2041, GH9589, GSS9299, GG214, GG446, GG763, and GG447 sweet corn.

Reduced Transpiration and Increased Water Efficiency by Diuron in Corn (Zea mays)

Weed Science ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shabir Ahmed ◽  
R. A. Fletcher
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Active Component ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Water Efficiency ◽  
Commercial Formulation ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Stages Of Growth ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Corn Plants

Of several herbicides tested on both monocotyledon and dicotyledon species, diuron [3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea] was found to be the most effective in reducing transpiration in corn (Zea maysL.) plants; a reduction of 40% occurred. It was established that diuron was the active component in reducing transpiration, and not the additives in the commercial formulation (Karmex) used in this study. Foliar applications of low concentrations (0.035 to 0.56 kg/ha) of diuron effectively reduced transpiration in both cultivars (Pioneer 3780A and Pride 1108) of corn plants, at all stages of growth tested (from 3- to 10-leaf stage). This effect of diuron on reduced transpiration occurred when the supply of water or nutrients to the corn plants was either limiting or non-limiting. The reduction of transpiration of corn plants after treatment also prevented the leaves from wilting and becoming senescent. This effect was persistent over 16 days. Diuron treatment increased the water efficiency of the plants and this effect was more pronounced when water was limiting. Compared to the control, the treated plants used up to 68% less water for each gram of shoot dry weight produced. The increase in water efficiency indicates that transpiration was reduced more than photosynthesis.

scholarly journals Tank mixture of glyphosate with 2,4-D accentuates 2,4-D injury in glyphosate-resistant corn

2018 ◽  
Vol 98 (4) ◽  
pp. 889-896 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nader Soltani ◽  
Christy Shropshire ◽  
Peter H. Sikkema
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Visible Injury ◽  
Application Timing ◽  
Plant Stand

Six field trials were conducted at Ridgetown, ON, over a 2-yr period (2015 and 2016) to determine the tolerance of two corn hybrids to 2,4-D (560 and 1120 g a.i. ha−1) and glyphosate (1800 g a.e. ha−1) applied alone or in combination at stage V1, V3, or V5. In DeKalb DKC52-61 corn, 2,4-D caused as much as 24%, 16%, 11%, and 11% visible injury at 1 wk after each postemergence herbicide application (WAT), 2 WAT, 4 wk after the last postemergence herbicide application (WA-C), and 8 WA-C, respectively. Plant stand was not affected, but plant height decreased by 5 cm at 560 g a.i. ha−1 and 7% at 1120 g a.i. ha−1. As the application timing was delayed from stage V1 to V5, there was a trend to increased injury at both 2,4-D rates. Corn yield decreased 8% with 2,4-D applied at 560 g a.i. ha−1 and 12% at 1120 g a.i. ha−1. In Pioneer P0094AM corn, 2,4-D caused as much as 16%, 9%, 7%, and 7% visible injury at 1 WAT, 2 WAT, 4 WA-C, and 8 WA-C, respectively. Plant height was not affected, but goosenecking and brace root malformation were increased as the rate of 2,4-D was increased. There was generally no difference between glyphosate rates (1800 vs 0 g a.e. ha−1) at the V1 corn stage but visible injury, goosenecking, and brace root malformation at other application timings was as much as 15%, 3%, and 19% greater when 2,4-D was applied in a tank mixture with glyphosate, respectively. Yield was reduced by 12% when 2,4-D (1120 g a.i. ha−1) was applied with glyphosate in the tank mixture.

Response of Four Rice (Oryza sativa) Cultivars to Triclopyr

1998 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 254-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Jordan ◽  
Dearl E. Sanders ◽  
Steven D. Linscombe ◽  
Bill J. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Growth Stage ◽  
Leaf Growth ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Visible Injury ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Stages Of Growth ◽  
Standard Rate ◽  
Made In

Experiments were conducted from 1994 through 1996 to determine the response of the rice cultivars ‘Bengal,’ ‘Cypress,’ ‘Jodon,’ and ‘Kaybonnet’ to triclopyr at 0.42 (standard rate) and 0.84 kg ai/ha applied postemergence at the four-leaf and panicle initiation stages of growth. Applications at the four-leaf stage were made in close association with fertilization and flood establishment, which often increases the potential for triclopyr to injure rice. Visible injury from triclopyr was slightly higher for the cultivar Jodon than for the cultivars Bengal, Cypress, or Kaybonnet. Injury was 3% or less when triclopyr at 0.42 kg/ha was applied at panicle initiation regardless of the cultivar. Triclopyr at 0.42 and 0.84 kg/ha applied at the four-leaf growth stage injured rice 7% and 22%, respectively. Triclopyr at 0.84 kg/ha applied at the four-leaf stage of growth delayed days from seedling emergence to seed head emergence and rice grain yield, irrespective of cultivar.

Response of BAR-Transformed Rice (Oryza sativa) and Red Rice (Oryza sativa) to Glufosinate Application Timing

1997 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sujatha Sankula ◽  
Michael P. Braverman ◽  
Steven D. Linscombe
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Rice Plant ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Bar Gene ◽  
Red Rice ◽  
Visible Injury ◽  
Application Timing ◽  
Boot Stage

Glufosinate at 2.2 kg ai/ha injured rice transformed with the BAR gene more when applied to one- to two-leaf (23 to 26%) than to three- to four-leaf (13 to 19%) plants. Visible injury was least when applications were made at boot stage (3 to 14%). However, applications at boot stage caused an average grain yield reduction of 16%. Most treatments did not influence rice plant height. Among single applications (0.3, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1.1 kg/ha), 1.1 kg/ha glufosinate at three- to four-leaf stage of red rice resulted in greater control (91%) than at panicle initiation (74%) or at boot stage (77%). Injury to red rice was two to 11 times greater than the injury to BAR-transformed rice depending on glufosinate rate and application timing.

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