Ethnic–racial identity content and the development of depressive symptoms among Latino adolescents

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 1557-1569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda L. Cross ◽  
Adam J. Hoffman ◽  
Kevin Constante ◽  
Deborah Rivas-Drake
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Racial Identity ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Latino Youth ◽  
Latino Adolescents ◽  
Racial Centrality ◽  
Public Regard

AbstractThe current study examined the concurrent and prospective associations of ethnic–racial identity content (i.e., centrality, private regard, and public regard) and depressive symptomatology among Latino adolescents. Data were drawn from a longitudinal study of Latino adolescents (N= 148, 53.4% girls) who were 13–14 years old at Wave 1. Results indicated that higher ethnic–racial centrality at Waves 1 and 2 predicted fewer depressive symptoms at Waves 2 and 3, respectively. In addition, more positive private regard at Wave 1 predicted fewer depressive symptoms at Wave 2, and more positive public regard at Wave 2 predicted fewer symptoms at Wave 3. Thus, ethnic–racial identity content may serve as a cultural protective factor that is linked to diminished depressive symptomatology among Latino youth.

scholarly journals Age Paradox: Depressive Symptomatology For Older Men and Women in Taiwan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ching-Ju Chiu ◽  
Chun-Yu Tsai ◽  
Tsung-Yu Tsai
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Social Participation ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Advanced Age ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Factors Associated

Abstract Background: To discern if prevalence of depressive symptoms in adults aged 65 and above in Taiwan changed during the past decade and to identify if protective and risk factors of depressive symptomatology differ by gender. Method: Data of nationally representative older adults (65+) interviewed from the 2005, 2009 and 2013 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) in Taiwan was analyzed (n=8,832). The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) was used for the measurement of depressive symptomatology. Results: Age adjusted prevalence rate of depressive symptomatology among older adults in Taiwan reduced from 20.6% to 13.3% (X2=-7.5, p<.05) in the community. The most significant factors associated with higher depressive symptomatology in both gender was too much carbohydrates intake, which was significantly associated with 8.8 (95%CI=5.1-15.2) and 7.9 (95%CI=5.2-11.8) times depressive symptomatology in men and women respectively. Factors associated with lower depressive symptomatology in both gender include advanced age (over the age of 85), exercise and social participation. The advanced age for men and women reduced about 63% (AOR over the age of 85=0.4, 95%CI=0.2-0.9) and 62% (AOR over the age of 85=0.4, 95%CI=0.2-0.8) of depressive symptomatology for men and women respectively; Exercise reduced about 50% (AOR exercise=0.5, 95%CI=0.3-0.6) and 58% (AOR exercise=0.5, 95%CI=0.3-0.6) of depressive symptomatology for men and women respectively; social participation reduced about 55% (AOR social participation=0.5, 95%CI=0.3-0.7) and 36% (AOR social participation=0.6, 95%CI=0.5-0.9) of depressive symptomatology for men and women respectively.Conclusions: For adults aged over 65, advanced age, which is 85+ for men and 75+ for women, is a significant protective factor guarding against depressive symptoms. Carbohydrates, cognitive disorder, heart disease and falls were associated with higher depressive symptomatology in both gender. The pulmonary disease, underweight and educational level were risk factors for men; metabolic disease and milk intake were risks for women. Common factors associated with lower depressive symptomatology in both gender includes advanced age, exercise and social participation. Tea and coffee intake and married status were associated with lower depressive symptomatology for women.

Does subjective social status predict depressive symptoms in Chinese elderly? A longitudinal study from Hong Kong

2020 ◽  
pp. jech-2019-212451
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Kwong ◽  
Timothy T Y Kwok ◽  
Timothy S Sumerlin ◽  
William B Goggins ◽  
Jason Leung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Subjective Social Status ◽  
Chinese Elderly ◽  
Future Risk ◽  
Perceived Social Status

BackgroundSubjective social status (SSS), one’s self-perceived social status, has been gaining interest among researchers as a risk/protective factor of many health outcomes. SSS encompasses both socio-economic factors (eg, income) and intangible aspects of status (eg, esteem from peers). This study’s main objective was to examine the association between SSS and future risk of depression in elderly Chinese.MethodsUsing data from the ongoing Mr/Mrs Os study, a longitudinal study of Hong Kong Chinese elderly, this study analysed baseline SSS-Hong Kong (self-perceived social status within Hong Kong) and SSS-Community (self-perceived status within one’s own social network) as predictors of Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) score at year 4 (n=3153). The models adjusted for baseline depression scores, socio-economic status indicators, demographic variables, clinical conditions and functional status variables.ResultsHigher depression scores at follow-up were independently associated with lower SSS-Hong Kong (standardised β-coefficient= −0.040, p=0.017), lower SSS-Community (standardised β-coefficient= −0.057, p=0.001), in addition to older age, female gender and stroke history. After stratifying by dementia status, higher baseline SSS was associated with less depressive symptoms only in the non-dementia group. In the multivariable models that included both SSS variables, only SSS-Community was significantly associated with year 4 GDS score. However, both SSS variables were independently associated with year 4 depression status in the logistic regression analysis.ConclusionIn Chinese elderly, SSS captures aspects of social status that are not captured by traditional socio-economic indicators. SSS can be a useful supplementary tool for assessing future risk of developing mental health conditions.

scholarly journals Antidepressant use and depressive symptomatology among older people from the Australian Longitudinal Study of Ageing

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 437-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Veronica Chow ◽  
Agnes I. Vitry ◽  
Philip Ryan ◽  
Elizabeth E. Roughead ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Perceived Health Status ◽  
Australian Longitudinal Study ◽  
Antidepressant Use

ABSTRACTBackground:Depression is one of the leading contributors to the burden of non-fatal diseases in Australia. Although there is an overall increasing trend in antidepressant use, the relationship between use of antidepressants and depressive symptomatology is not clear, particularly in the older population.Methods:Data for this study were obtained from the Australian Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ALSA), a cohort of 2087 people aged over 65 years at baseline. Four waves of home interviews were conducted between 1992 and 2004 to collect information on sociodemographic and health status. Depressive symptoms were measured by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies – Depression Scale. Use of antidepressants was based on self-report, with the interviewer able to check packaging details if available. Longitudinal analysis was performed using logistic generalized estimating equations to detect if there was any trend in the use of antidepressants, adjusting for potential confounding factors.Results:The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 15.2% in 1992 and 15.8% in 2004 (p> 0.05). The prevalence of antidepressant users increased from 6.5% to 10.9% (p< 0.01) over this period. Among people with depressive symptoms, less than 20% were taking antidepressants at any wave. Among people without depressive symptoms, the prevalence of antidepressant use was 5.2% in 1992 and 12.0% in 2004 (p< 0.01). Being female (OR = 1.67, 95%CI: 1.25–2.24), having poor self-perceived health status (OR = 1.17, 95%CI: 1.04–1.32), having physical impairment (OR = 1.48, 95%CI: 1.14–1.91) and having depressive symptoms (OR = 1.62, 95%CI: 1.24–2.13) significantly increased the use of antidepressants, while living in community (OR = 0.51, 95%CI: 0.37–0.71) reduced the risk of antidepressant use.Conclusions:Use of antidepressants increased, while depressive symptoms remained stable, in the ALSA over a 12-year period. Use of antidepressants was low for people with depressive symptoms.

scholarly journals Disrupting the Behavioral Health Consequences of Racial Discrimination: A Longitudinal Investigation of Racial Identity Profiles and Alcohol-Related Problems

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 706-717
Author(s):  
Riana Elyse Anderson ◽  
Daniel B. Lee ◽  
Meredith O. Hope ◽  
Kyle Nisbeth ◽  
Kiana Bess ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Racial Identity ◽  
Behavioral Health ◽  
Racial Discrimination ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Black People ◽  
Longitudinal Research ◽  
Black African ◽  
Alcohol Related Problems ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Public Regard

Researchers have documented the negative associations between racial discrimination and alcohol use for young Black people, yet fewer researchers have examined these associations longitudinally and with racial identity as a protective factor. We use data from the Flint Adolescent Study (465 Black/African Americans) to investigate the relationship between discrimination and alcohol-related problems over time, and how that relationship differs with varying trajectories of racial identity (i.e., private and public regard). Among those reporting persistently moderate levels of private regard and high levels of public regard in late adolescence through emerging adulthood, increases in racial discrimination were associated with increases in alcohol-related problems over time. Findings suggest that regard for one’s racial group may function protectively in the health strategies employed in response to discriminatory events. More longitudinal research is needed to delineate how varying racial pride operates with regard to long-term discrimination and behavioral health.

“Getting better” or “getting worse”: What practitioners can learn from older adults with high depressive symptoms

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-15
Author(s):  
Kenneth E. Mobily, PhD
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Depressive Symptom ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Symptom Scores

The purpose of this study was to identify concrete markers of older adults scoring high in depressive symptoms. Through identification of depressive symptom covariates, practitioners may more accurately chart a course of interventions to assist the person in coping with depressive symptomatology. Subjects were members of an earlier longitudinal study. The present study was restricted to 133 subjects 60 and older who had high depressive symptom scores at baseline or follow-up or both. The findings suggest that somatic maladies were the distinguishing variables separating subjects who were able to reduce their depressive symptoms compared to those who stagnated at a high depressive symptom scores over 3 years. The present findings suggest a direct course of action_address the somatic concomitants of depression and the affect is likely to improve.

Depressive symptoms and cigarette smoking in twins from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health.

2008 ◽  
Vol 27 (3, Suppl) ◽  
pp. S207-S215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanne M. McCaffery ◽  
George D. Papandonatos ◽  
Cassandra Stanton ◽  
Elizabeth E. Lloyd-Richardson ◽  
Raymond Niaura
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Adolescent Health ◽  
National Longitudinal Study

Racial Identity: A Protective Factor Decreasing Suicidality in At-Risk, African American Women

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jalika C. Street ◽  
Farah Taha ◽  
Ashley D. Jones ◽  
Kamilah A. Jones ◽  
Erika R. Carr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
African American ◽  
Racial Identity ◽  
African American Women ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
American Women

Keeping up with the Wangs: A cross-sectional multilevel analysis of individual and contextual influences on mental wellbeing and depressive symptoms in China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Adele H. Wang ◽  
CMA Haworth ◽  
Qiang Ren
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Social Comparison ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Marriage Rate ◽  
Contextual Effects ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
Population Census ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Average Education

BackgroundIn recent decades, China has experienced dramatic changes to its social and economic environment, which has affected the distribution of wellbeing across its citizens. While several studies have investigated individual level predictors of wellbeing in the Chinese population, less research has been done looking at contextual effects. This cross-sectional study looks at the individual and contextual effects of (regional) education, unemployment and marriage (rate) on individual happiness, life satisfaction and depressive symptomatology. MethodsData were collected from over 29,000 individuals (aged 18 to 110, 51.91% female) in the China Family Panel Studies, and merged with county level census data obtained from the 2010 China Population Census and Statistical Yearbook. To explore contextual effects, we used multilevel models accounting for the hierarchical structure of the data. ResultsWe found that a one-year increase in education was associated with a 0.17% increase in happiness and a 0.16% decrease in depressive symptoms. Unemployed men were 1% less happy, 1% less satisfied with life and reported 0.84% more depressive symptoms than employed men while minimal effects were seen for women. Single, divorced and widowed individuals had worse outcomes than married individuals (ranging from 2.96% to 21% differences). We found interaction effects for education and employment. Less educated individuals had greater happiness and less depressive symptoms in counties with higher average education compared to counterparts in less educated counties. In contrast, more educated individuals were less satisfied with life in more educated counties, an effect that is possibly due to social comparison. Employed individuals had lower life satisfaction in areas of high unemployment, while levels were constant for the unemployed. A 1% increase in county marriage rate was associated with 0.33% and 0.24% increases in happiness and life satisfaction respectively, with no interactions. We speculate that this effect could be due to greater social cohesion in the neighbourhood.ConclusionsOur results show that policies designed to improve employment and marriage rates will be beneficial for all, while interventions to encourage positive social comparison strategies may help to offset the negative effects of increasing neighbourhood average education on the highly educated.

An intervention for depressive symptoms using a commercial game in a mental health impatient setting. (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Rodrigo Guzman Cortez ◽  
Matias Marzocchi ◽  
Neus Freixa Fontanals ◽  
Mercedes Balcells-Olivero
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Serious Games ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Pilot Test ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Depressive Episodes ◽  
Hamilton Rating Scale

BACKGROUND Computerized mental health interventions have shown evidence of their potential benefit for mental health outcomes in young users. All of the studied interventions available in the review and scientific literature can be classified as "serious games". Serious games are computerized interventions designed from the start with the objective of improving specific desired health outcomes. Moreover, there are reports of users experiencing subjective benefits in mental health after playing specific commercial games. These were games not intentionally made with a therapeutic objective in the design process. An example is the videogame "Journey", first released for the Playstation 3 console in 2012 which won "Game of the Year" in the 2013 D.I.C.E awards. The creator of the game describes the game as a short, 2-3-hour narrative experience in which the player goes through the "Hero's Journey" following a classic 3-part structure. There were more than 100 testimonials from players describing how the game helped them cope with psychological or personal issues. Some of them explicitly described recovering from depressive episodes through playing the game. OBJECTIVE To conduct a pilot test of the efficacy of the videogame Journey in reducing depressive symptoms in an acute impatient setting METHODS Depressive symptomatology was measured before and after the intervention using the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD) The intervention was conducted in an isolated room using a Playstation 3 console with the videogame "Journey" developed by Thatgamecompany. No internet access was allowed. The game was played over the course of 4 30-45 min sessions in a two week period. RESULTS The initial score in the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD) was 30, indicating a very severe depression. After the intervention the HRSD score was 10, showing a mild depression. CONCLUSIONS The Videogame Journey, a commercial game first available for the Playstation 3 console in 2012, was not created as a serious game with potential health benefits. Our pilot test is the first case report of a commercial game showing a potential effect in reducing depressive symptoms, which is consistent with the previous informal reports of users online.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document