Suicide in centenarians: the international landscape

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 1703-1708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajit Shah ◽  
Sofia Zarate-Escudero ◽  
Ravi Bhat ◽  
Diego De Leo ◽  
Annette Erlangsen
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Using Data ◽  
E Mail

ABSTRACTBackground.The elderly population size is growing worldwide due increased life expectancy and decreased mortality in the elderly. This has lead to an increase in the number of centenarians, and their numbers are predicted to increase further. Little is known about suicide rates in centenarians.Methods.Data on the number of suicides (ICD-10 codes, X60–84) in centenarians of both gender for as many years as possible from 2000 were ascertained from three sources: colleagues, national statisics office websites and e-mail contact with the national statistics offices of as many countries as possible. The number of centernarians for the corresponding years was estimated for each country using data provided by the United Nations website.Results.Data were available from 17 countries. The suicide rate was 57 (95% confidence interval 45–69) per 100, 000 person years in men and 6.8 (95% confidence interval 5.1–8.5) per 100,000 person years in women.Conclusions.Suicide rates were sufficiently large amongst centenarians for there to constitute a public health concern given the anticipated rise in the centenarian population and the paucity of data on risk and protective factors for suicide in this age group.

Firearms and Suicide in Australia

1990 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 500-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher H. Cantor ◽  
Terry Lewin
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Suicide Rate ◽  
Regional Analysis ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cultural Attitudes ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Firearm Suicide ◽  
Proportional Increase ◽  
Using Data

Australia has a moderate overall suicide rate but an extremely high male firearm suicide rate. Using data covering the years 1961–1985, a series of multiple regression based analyses were performed. During this period, overall suicide rates fell but firearm suicides remained constant with a resulting increase in the proportion of suicides by firearms. There has been an increase in suicides in the young offset by a decline in the elderly. Young males showed the greatest proportional increase in the use of firearms. A limited regional analysis supported the hypothesis that lack of legislative restrictions on long guns in Queensland with a greater household prevalence of such weapons and different cultural attitudes were associated with higher overall and firearm suicide rates. Such findings are consistent with reports from North America, although trends in Australia are more modest. Reducing the availability and cultural acceptance of firearms is likely to decrease suicide rates, especially in males.

Some Calculations on the Prevalence of Dementia in Canada

1987 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.R. Jeans ◽  
E. Helmes ◽  
H. Merskey ◽  
J. Mcd. Robertson ◽  
K.A. Rand
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Specific Population ◽  
Observation Scale ◽  
Epidemiology Of Dementia ◽  
Institutionalized Patients ◽  
Prevalence Of Dementia

The epidemiology of dementia in Canada is not known. However, we report figures on the frequency of dementia in institutions in Ontario based upon the use of a multidimensional observation scale for the assessment of the elderly. These findings on institutionalized patients can be extrapolated to the whole elderly population, but the procedure is clearly too conservative by comparison with findings in other countries and in the light of the known occurrence of numbers of demented patients outside institutions. Ratios in different sutidies for the numbers of patients with dementia outside institutions and within institutions range from 1:1 to 6:1. Using a ratio of 2:1 and applying it to age specific population figures, a prevalence of dementia in Canada of 222,324 for those over 65 is obtained with a rate of 9.4% in that age group. When the figures projected in this way are compared with five epidemiological studies for the rate of dementia elsewhere, the Canadian figure which we have obtained ranks fourth out of six. This estimate provides potential figures on which to base the planning of services, provided that the inferential nature of the estimates is fully recognized.

scholarly journals Elderly suicide rates: the importance of a non-linear relationship with distal risk and protective factors

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 1363-1367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajit Shah ◽  
Ravi Bhat ◽  
Sofia Zarate-Escudero
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Population Level ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
National Study ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Suicide Rates

The elderly population size is increasing worldwide due to prolonged life expectancy and falling birth rates. Traditionally, suicide rates increase with age. For example, a recent cross-national study of 62 developing and developed countries reported an increase in suicide rates with aging in males and females in 25 and 27 countries respectively (Shah, 2007a). Thus, suicides in the elderly are an important public health concern. While much is known about proximal (individual level) risk and protective factors for elderly suicides (e.g. Conwell et al., 1991; Cattell and Jolley, 1995; Harwood et al., 2001), less is known about more distal (societal or population level) risk and protective factors (Rehkopf and Buka, 2006). Moreover, detailed knowledge of these distal factors may have greater public health relevance for the development of comprehensive prevention strategies (Knox et al., 2004).

Association of Suicide Rates of Elderly Persons with Fertility Rates

2008 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 369-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajit Shah
Keyword(s):  
Social Integration ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
World Health ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Fertility Rates ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Proxy Measure ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Using Data

A negative correlation between societal suicide rates and social integration has been reported, but rarely specifically examined for suicide rates of the elderly although suicide rates of elderly persons are among the highest. The associations of suicide rates of elderly persons and fertility rates for 81 countries were examined using data from the World Health Organisation and United Nations. Fertility rates were considered a proxy measure for social integration. Multiple regression analysis indicated that suicide rates for males and females in the age bands 65–74 years and 75+ years were independently (negative) correlated with fertility rates. Fertility rates, as a measure of social integration, may interact with, modify and mediate the effect of cultural factors on suicide rates of elderly persons.

Prevalence of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in the Elderly Population of Alentejo

2020 ◽  
pp. 185-195
Author(s):  
Maria do Céu Mendes Pinto Marques ◽  
Ana Filipa Pereira Vaz ◽  
Ana Sofia Emídio Cardoso Leite ◽  
Cláudia Sofia Araújo ◽  
Cláudia Roque Condeço ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Research Question ◽  
National Level ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Prevalence Studies

The objective of this chapter is to identify cardiovascular risk factors in the elderly and their prevalence in the elderly population of Alentejo. The research question was elaborated according to the PI[C]OD methodology. The prevalence studies included allow the authors to identify the risk factors with the greatest impact on cardiovascular diseases, with the analysis of at least one of the factors (hypertension, diabetes, smoking, obesity, hypercholesterolemia, alcoholism, and sedentary lifestyle) and their prevalence in the elderly from the region of Alentejo. The results present the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors, mainly at the national level, compared to those at the regional level, with a small number of exclusive studies in the Alentejo region, while simultaneously disaggregating the results by age group. From the data obtained, it can be concluded that the prevalence of risk factors is generally increased in the elderly population and, consequently, in Alentejo, because it is a region in the interior of the country that is predominantly rural and very old.

scholarly journals Profile of Hand Surgery Cases at Kirtipur Hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-43
Author(s):  
Bikash Karki ◽  
Kiran Nakarmi ◽  
Mangal Gharti Magar ◽  
Krishna Nagarkoti ◽  
Shankar Man Rai
Keyword(s):  
Birth Defects ◽  
Reconstructive Surgery ◽  
Hand Surgery ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Hand Trauma ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Male Preponderance

Background: There can be multiple hand problems with which patients can present. Such hand problems can be because of any kind of trauma, birth defects, tumours, infection or other conditions. Hand surgery is a special field of plastic surgery, which deals with these hand problems. The Department of Burns, Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery of Kirtipur Hospital run by Public Health Concern Trust-Nepal has been providing hand surgery service to the patients with these hand problems.Aim of Study: To analyse the various types of surgical hand problems in patients attending Kirtipur Hospital.Material and Methods: It is a cross sectional retrospective  observational study of the patients with different hand problems done at the Department of Burns, Plastic & Reconstructive surgery of Kirtipur Hospital from January to December 2016.Results: There were 124 patients who presented with various hand problems. There was male preponderance and the most common age group affected was between 15-60 years. Hand trauma was the most common cause of hand problems followed by post burn contractures.Conclusion: Hand is a complicated organ which can give rise to various problems. Hand surgery is an essential component of reconstructive surgery to deal with these problems. JNGMC,  Vol. 14 No. 2 December 2016, Page: 41-43

scholarly journals Trends in Suicide Mortality by Method from 1979 to 2016 in Japan

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 1794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bibha Dhungel ◽  
Maaya Kita Sugai ◽  
Stuart Gilmour
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Suicide Mortality ◽  
Registration System ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Vital Registration System ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Age Adjusted Rates ◽  
Log Linear

Suicide is a major public health concern in Japan. This study aimed to characterize the trends in suicide mortality in Japan by method since 1979. Using data from the Japan vital registration system, we calculated age-standardized rates of suicide mortality separately by sex and method. We conducted a log-linear regression of suicide mortality rates separately by sex, and linear regression analysis of the proportion of deaths due to hanging, including a test for change in level and trend in 1998. While crude suicide rates were static over the time period, age-adjusted rates declined. The significant increase in suicide mortality in 1998 was primarily driven by large changes in the rate of hanging, with suicide deaths after 1998 having 36.7% higher odds of being due to hanging for men (95% CI: 16.3–60.8%), and 21.9% higher odds of being due to hanging for women (95% CI: 9.2–35.9%). Hanging has become an increasingly important method for committing suicide over the past 40 years, and although suicide rates have been declining continuously over this time, more effort is needed to prevent hanging and address the potential cultural drivers of suicide if the rate is to continue to decline in the future.

Prevalence and associated socioeconomic factors of multimorbidity in 10 regions of China: an analysis of 0.5 million adults

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siyu Zou ◽  
Zhicheng Wang ◽  
Maria Bhura ◽  
Guoting Zhang ◽  
Kun Tang
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Absolute Number ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Multiple Chronic Conditions ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Lower Socioeconomic ◽  
Elderly Males ◽  
Middle Aged Adults

Abstract Background The epidemiology of multiple chronic conditions in China is poorly understood. We investigated the prevalence of multimorbidity among the middle-aged and elderly population in China and analyzed its demographic and socioeconomic correlates. Methods Data were obtained from the baseline of the China Kadoorie Biobank Study, which recruited over 0.5 million participants between 2004 and 2008. We calculated the prevalence by the characteristics of multimorbidity. The demographic and socioeconomic correlates were analyzed using a multivariable logistic regression model. Results 15.9% of the participants were multimorbid. Although the prevalence of multimorbidity increased with age, the absolute number of people with multimorbidity was much higher among middle-aged adults (30–60 years, n = 42 041) than the elderly group (>60 years, n = 38 834). The odd of multimorbidity was higher in males (aOR =1.09, 95% CI: 1.07–1.11) and among those who were unemployed (aOR = 1.58, 95% CI: 1.55–1.62). Those who received the highest level of education were most likely to be multimorbid compared with those with no education (aOR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.09–1.19). Such an association was similar when treating multimorbidity as multinomial variable. Conclusions Multimorbidity is a public health concern, with higher prevalence among the elderly, males and those who belong to a lower socioeconomic stratum. Actions are needed to curb multimorbidity epidemic in China.

Driving Frequency and Its Impact on Road Rage Offending and Victimization: A View From Opportunity Theory

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 602-618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Asbridge ◽  
Jennifer Butters
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Driving Frequency ◽  
Road Rage ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Opportunity Theory ◽  
Using Data

Road rage has been described as a key criminal justice and public health concern. Although research attention to this issue has expanded dramatically, most of this work has focused on the identification of predisposing individual factors. It is equally important to begin to assess those factors that may modify the likelihood of road rage including the broader structural opportunities that are connected with the propensity to be involved in a road rage incident. Drawing on opportunity theory, this article examines whether there is a relationship between increased opportunities to be involved in road rage and an increased likelihood of being a road rage victim or offender. The analysis is further extended to specifically test whether this relationship is linear, thereby examining the applicability of the opportunity saturation hypothesis. Using data from the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH) Monitor, our findings support both the application of opportunity theory to understanding road rage and the presence of opportunity saturation. Although a clear relationship exists between kilometers driven and experiences of road rage, evidence emerged suggesting there may be a threshold whereby increased opportunities for road rage do not lead to road rage behavior.

A Longitudinal Analysis of Perceived Respect among Elders: Changing Perceptions for Some Ethnic Groups

1992 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith G. Chipperfield ◽  
Betty Havens
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Longitudinal Analysis ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Social Climate ◽  
Repeated Measures Anova ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Using Data

AbstractThis study assessed changes in older peoples' levels of perceived respect between the 1970s and the 1980s using data from the Aging in Manitoba Study. A longitudinal analysis was conducted for Manitobans, age 65 and over, who were interviewed in the mid 1970s and subsequently reinterviewed in the early 1980s. Changes in perceived respect scores for those who survived into the 1980s, and who provided ratings at both interviews (n = 776), were assessed in a repeated measures ANOVA. Significant increases were found in the mean level of respect for some ethnic groups, namely for the British, French, and German. A subsequent analysis indicated that the reported improvements in perceived respect could not be explained by participation in the study. These results may suggest that over the decade, the social climate of the elderly population in Manitoba has improved, at least for some ethnic groups.

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