Parenting style as a predictor of dietary score change in children from ages 4 to 14 years. Findings from the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children

Objective: To examine associations between parenting style and changes in dietary quality score across childhood. Design: This longitudinal analysis included the child’s frequency of consumption for twelve food and drink items reported by mothers (at child ages 4-8 years) and children (at ages 10-14 years) during face-to-face interviews biennially. These items were combined into dietary scores based on the Australian Dietary Guidelines. Parenting styles were classified at baseline as authoritative, authoritarian, permissive and disengaged. Multilevel modelling was used to examine changes in diet quality score over time by maternal parenting styles. Setting: The Longitudinal Study of Australian Children Participants: A total of 4282 children aged 4 to 14 years. Results: Children’s diet quality score declined over time between ages 4 and 14 years (β=-0.10, 95% CI [-0.11, -0.08]). There was strong evidence to suggest that change in diet quality differed dependent on baseline maternal parenting style, although diet quality declined for all groups. Children with authoritative mothers had the greatest decline in diet quality score over time (β=-0.13; 95% CI [-0.18, -0.08]) while children with disengaged mothers had the lowest decline (-0.03; 95% CI [-0.07, 0.01]). However, it is important to note that children with authoritative mothers had a better dietary quality score than children of permissive or disengaged mothers for most of their childhood. Conclusion: These findings question the previous assumptions that early exposure to an authoritative parenting style has lasting positive effects on the dietary intake of children.

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PNNS-GS2: Development and validation of a dietary quality score reflecting the French nutritional recommendations of 2017

Proceedings of The Nutrition Society ◽

10.1017/s0029665120003547 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽

Author(s):

Dan Chaltiel ◽

Moufidath Adjibade ◽

Valérie Deschamps ◽

Mathilde Touvier ◽

Serge Hercberg ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diet Quality ◽

Demographic Data ◽

Biological Indicators ◽

Quality Score ◽

Biological Data ◽

Dietary Guidelines ◽

Dietary Quality ◽

Sample Mean ◽

Mortality And Morbidity ◽

Dietary Records

AbstractIntroductionThe food-based dietary guidelines having been revised in March 2017, it appeared necessary to update the National Nutrition Health Program - Guidelines Score (PNNS-GS), the diet quality score developed according to the 2001 recommendations. This study was therefore aimed at developing and validating the PNNS-GS2, the diet quality score based on the new recommendations.Material and methodsOur sample included 80,965 French adults enrolled in the prospective NutriNet-Santé cohort. Collected data included 24-hour dietary records over two years, socio-demographic data, and (in a sub-sample of 16,938 individuals) clinical and biological indicators. The cut-offs and weights of the components of the PNNS-GS2 were developed collegially by nutrition experts who were involved in the update of the recommendations. The score has 13 components for a theoretical value ranging from -∞ to 13.5 points. Nutritional, socio-demographic, clinical, and biological data were described according to the PNNS-GS2 quintile. The face, content, construct and criterion validities were also evaluated.ResultsIn our sample, mean PNNS-GS2 was 2.1 (SD = 3.1) in women and -0.3 (SD = 3.6) in men. A high PNNS-GS2 (and therefore a better adherence to the new recommendations) was positively associated with (mean difference Q5-Q1) a high age (Δwomen = + 8.4 / Δmen = + 4.7 years), higher educational level (Δwomen = + 3.9 / Δmen = + 7.4% with a university level), more physical activity (Δwomen = + 13.3 / Δmen = + 3.5% with ≥ 60 min/day) and a larger proportion of non-smokers (Δwomen = + 9.7 / Δmen = + 13.7%). A high PNNS-GS2 was also positively associated with a higher fiber intake (Δwomen = + 8.7 / Δmen = + 10.7 g/d) or vitamin C (Δwomen = + 36.6 / Δmen = + 43.8 mg/d), and negatively with mean arterial pressure (Δwomen = -3.0 / Δmen = -2.8 mmHg) and plasma LDL-cholesterol concentrations (Δwomen = -0.07 / Δmen = -0.06 g/L) and triglycerides (Δwomen = -0.1 / Δmen = -0.16 g/L). All tests were significant (p < 0.05).DiscussionAssociations observed between the PNNS-GS2 and socio-demographic, nutritional and clinico-biological factors are consistent and corroborate its validity. Further studies will be needed to estimate its association with mortality and morbidity.

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Development and Application of a Total Diet Quality Index for Toddlers

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13061943 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (6) ◽

pp. 1943

Author(s):

Melissa C. Kay ◽

Emily W. Duffy ◽

Lisa J. Harnack ◽

Andrea S. Anater ◽

Joel C. Hampton ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Young Children ◽

Diet Quality ◽

Quality Index ◽

National Sample ◽

Dietary Guidelines ◽

Dietary Quality ◽

Measurement Tool ◽

Infants And Toddlers ◽

Dietary Recall ◽

Diet Quality Index

For the first time, the 2020–2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans include recommendations for infants and toddlers under 2 years old. We aimed to create a diet quality index based on a scoring system for ages 12 to 23.9 months, the Toddler Diet Quality Index (DQI), and evaluate its construct validity using 24 h dietary recall data collected from a national sample of children from the Feeding Infants and Toddlers Study (FITS) 2016. The mean (standard error) Toddler DQI was 49 (0.6) out of 100 possible points, indicating room for improvement. Toddlers under-consumed seafood, greens and beans, and plant proteins and over-consumed refined grains and added sugars. Toddler DQI scores were higher among children who were ever breastfed, lived in households with higher incomes, and who were Hispanic. The Toddler DQI performed as expected and offers a measurement tool to assess the dietary quality of young children in accordance with federal nutrition guidelines. This is important for providing guidance that can be used to inform public health nutrition policies, programs, and practices to improve diets of young children.

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Abstract P108: Metabolic Profile Of Diet Quality In The Multi-Ethnic Study Of Atherosclerosis

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.143.suppl_1.p108 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 143 (Suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Meghana Gadgil ◽

Alexis F Wood ◽

Ibrahim Karaman ◽

Goncalo Gomes Da Graca ◽

Ioanna Tzoulaki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Diet Quality ◽

Spectral Feature ◽

Healthy Eating Index ◽

Dietary Guidelines ◽

Elastic Net ◽

Dietary Quality ◽

Spectral Features ◽

Ethnic Study ◽

Diet Score

Introduction: Poor dietary quality is a well-known risk factor for diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD), however metabolites marking adherence to U.S. dietary guidelines are unknown. Our goal was to determine a pattern of metabolites associated with the Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015). We hypothesize that there will be metabolites positively and negatively associated with the HEI-2015 score, including those previously linked to diabetes and CVD. Methods: Sample: 2269 adult men and women from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) longitudinal cohort study without known cardiovascular disease or diabetes. Data/specimens: Fasting serum specimens, diet and demographic questionnaires at baseline. Metabolomics: Untargeted 1 H NMR CPMG spectroscopy (600 MHz) annotated by internal and external reference data sets. Statistical analysis: Metabolome-wide association study (MWAS) using linear regression models specifying each spectral feature as the outcome in separate models, HEI-2015 score as the predictor, and adjustment for age, sex, race, and study site, accounting for multiple comparisons. Elastic net regularized regression was used to select an optimal subset of features associated with HEI-2015 score. Separately, hierarchical clustering defined discrete groups of correlated NMR features also tested for association with HEI-2015 score. Results: MWAS identified 1914 spectral features significantly associated with the HEI-2015 diet score. After elastic net regression, 35 metabolomic spectral features remained associated with HEI-2015 diet score. Cluster analysis identified seven clusters, three of which were significantly associated with HEI-2015 score after Bonferroni correction. (Table) Conclusions: Cholesterol moieties, proline betaine, proline/glutamate and fatty acyls chains were significantly associated with higher diet quality in the MESA cohort. Further analysis may clarify the link between dietary quality, metabolites, and pathogenesis of diabetes and CVD.

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The Impact of Adding Sugars to Milk and Fruit on Adiposity and Diet Quality in Children: A Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Analysis of the Identification and Prevention of Dietary- and Lifestyle-Induced Health Effects in Children and Infants (IDEFICS) Study

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu10101350 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. 1350 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Marika Dello Russo ◽

Wolfgang Ahrens ◽

Stefaan De Henauw ◽

Gabriele Eiben ◽

Antje Hebestreit ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diet Quality ◽

Dietary Guidelines ◽

Dietary Quality ◽

Inverse Association ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Sweetened Beverages ◽

Idefics Study ◽

The Impact ◽

Age And Sex

Sugar, particularly as free sugars or sugar-sweetened beverages, significantly contributes to total energy intake, and, possibly, to increased body weight. Excessive consumption may be considered as a proxy of poor diet quality. However, no previous studies evaluated the association between the habit of adding sugars to “healthy” foods, such as plain milk and fresh fruit, and indicators of adiposity and/or dietary quality in children. To answer to these research questions, we Panalysed the European cohort of children participating in the IDEFICS study. Anthropometric variables, frequency of consumption of sugars added to milk and fruit (SAMF), and scores of adherence to healthy dietary pattern (HDAS) were assessed at baseline in 9829 children stratified according to age and sex. From this cohort, 6929 children were investigated again after two years follow-up. At baseline, a direct association between SAMF categories and adiposity indexes was observed only in children aged 6–<10 years, while the lower frequency of SAMF consumption was significantly associated with a higher HDAS. At the two year follow-up, children with higher baseline SAMF consumption showed significantly higher increases in all the anthropometric variables measured, with the exception of girls 6–<10 years old. The inverse association between SAMF categories and HDAS was still present at the two years follow-up in all age and sex groups. Our results suggest that the habit to adding sugars to foods that are commonly perceived as healthy may impact the adherence to healthy dietary guidelines and increase in adiposity risk as well.

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Validation of the Diet Quality Index for Adolescents by comparison with biomarkers, nutrient and food intakes: the HELENA study

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s000711451200414x ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 109 (11) ◽

pp. 2067-2078 ◽

Cited By ~ 52

Author(s):

Krishna Vyncke ◽

Estefania Cruz Fernandez ◽

Marta Fajó-Pascual ◽

Magdalena Cuenca-García ◽

Willem De Keyzer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diet Quality ◽

Quality Index ◽

Healthy Lifestyle ◽

Dietary Guidelines ◽

Dietary Quality ◽

Nutrient Level ◽

Multilevel Regression ◽

Nutrient Intakes ◽

Diet Quality Index ◽

Helena Study

Food-based dietary guidelines (FBDG) aim to address the nutritional requirements at population level in order to prevent diseases and promote a healthy lifestyle. Diet quality indices can be used to assess the compliance with these FBDG. The present study aimed to investigate whether the newly developed Diet Quality Index for Adolescents (DQI-A) is a good surrogate measure for adherence to FBDG, and whether adherence to these FBDG effectively leads to better nutrient intakes and nutritional biomarkers in adolescents. Participants included 1804 European adolescents who were recruited in the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence (HELENA) Study. Dietary intake was assessed by two, non-consecutive 24 h recalls. A DQI-A score, considering the components' dietary quality, diversity and equilibrium, was calculated. Associations between the DQI-A and food and nutrient intakes and blood concentration biomarkers were investigated using multilevel regression analysis corrected for centre, age and sex. DQI-A scores were associated with food intake in the expected direction: positive associations with nutrient-dense food items, such as fruits and vegetables, and inverse associations with energy-dense and low-nutritious foods. On the nutrient level, the DQI-A was positively related to the intake of water, fibre and most minerals and vitamins. No association was found between the DQI-A and total fat intake. Furthermore, a positive association was observed with 25-hydroxyvitamin D, holo-transcobalamin andn-3 fatty acid serum levels. The present study has shown good validity of the DQI-A by confirming the expected associations with food and nutrient intakes and some biomarkers in blood.

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Relationship between Paternal and Maternal Parenting Style with Internet Addiction Level of Adolescents

Iranian Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.18502/ijps.v16i4.7231 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yunias Setiawati ◽

Destasari Tri Hartanti ◽

Dominicus Husada ◽

Irwanto Irwanto ◽

I Gusti Ayu Indah Ardani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiple Regression ◽

Parenting Style ◽

Parenting Styles ◽

Internet Addiction ◽

Junior High ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Easy Access ◽

Authoritarian Parenting ◽

Maternal Parenting ◽

The Relationship

Objective: Internet addiction has become a major problem worldwide, especially for adolescents. Adolescents are considered vulnerable and at risk of internet addiction due to the immature self-control, easy access, and flexible schedule. Parenting style has a significant influence on the incidence of internet addiction in adolescents. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between paternal and maternal parenting style toward internet addiction level of adolescents at one of junior high Schools in Surabaya, Indonesia. Method: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 114 adolescents (44 boys and 70 girls) aged ranging from 12 to 15 in a junior high school in Surabaya, Indonesia, were recruited by stratified random sampling method in November 2019. The Internet Addiction Test (IAT) and Parental Authority Questionnaire (PAQ) were used to measure internet addiction level, and maternal and paternal parenting style of adolescents. The data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and multiple regression tests with IBM SPSS Statistics 25 to adjust the relationship between paternal and maternal parenting style toward internet addiction level of adolescents. Results: a total of 77.2% of adolescents were internet addicts and the majority experienced ‘mild’ internet addiction level (52.60%). Furthermore, the Pearson correlation results indicated that paternal permissive and authoritarian parenting styles were positively correlated with internet addiction level of adolescents. The multiple regression analysis results indicated that paternal permissive parenting style significantly predicted adolescents’ internet addiction level. Conclusion: This study highlighted the significant role of paternal permissive and authoritarian parenting styles among adolescents’ internet addiction.

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Better diet quality relates to larger brain tissue volumes

Neurology ◽

10.1212/wnl.0000000000005691 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 90 (24) ◽

pp. e2166-e2173 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Pauline H. Croll ◽

Trudy Voortman ◽

M. Arfan Ikram ◽

Oscar H. Franco ◽

Josje D. Schoufour ◽

...

Keyword(s):

White Matter ◽

Brain Tissue ◽

Diet Quality ◽

White Matter Lesion ◽

Brain Mri ◽

Quality Score ◽

Dietary Guidelines ◽

Vascular Lesions ◽

Lesion Volume ◽

Matter Volume

ObjectiveTo investigate the relation of diet quality with structural brain tissue volumes and focal vascular lesions in a dementia-free population.MethodsFrom the population-based Rotterdam Study, 4,447 participants underwent dietary assessment and brain MRI scanning between 2005 and 2015. We excluded participants with an implausible energy intake, prevalent dementia, or cortical infarcts, leaving 4,213 participants for the current analysis. A diet quality score (0–14) was calculated reflecting adherence to Dutch dietary guidelines. Brain MRI was performed to obtain information on brain tissue volumes, white matter lesion volume, lacunes, and cerebral microbleeds. The associations of diet quality score and separate food groups with brain structures were assessed using multivariable linear and logistic regression.ResultsWe found that better diet quality related to larger brain volume, gray matter volume, white matter volume, and hippocampal volume. Diet quality was not associated with white matter lesion volume, lacunes, or microbleeds. High intake of vegetables, fruit, whole grains, nuts, dairy, and fish and low intake of sugar-containing beverages were associated with larger brain volumes.ConclusionsA better diet quality is associated with larger brain tissue volumes. These results suggest that the effect of nutrition on neurodegeneration may act via brain structure. More research, in particular longitudinal research, is needed to unravel direct vs indirect effects between diet quality and brain health.

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Stability and change in dietary scores and patterns across six waves of the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114517000897 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 117 (8) ◽

pp. 1137-1150 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Constantine E. Gasser ◽

Jessica A. Kerr ◽

Fiona K. Mensah ◽

Melissa Wake

Keyword(s):

Longitudinal Study ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Population Based ◽

Dietary Guidelines ◽

Dietary Quality ◽

Future Research ◽

Factor Analyses ◽

Stability And Change ◽

Dietary Score ◽

Trajectory Modelling

AbstractThis study aimed to derive and compare longitudinal trajectories of dietary scores and patterns from 2–3 to 10–11 years and from 4–5 to 14–15 years of age. In waves two to six of the Baby (B) Cohort and one to six of the Kindergarten (K) Cohort of the population-based Longitudinal Study of Australian Children, parents or children reported biennially on the study child’s consumption of twelve to sixteen healthy and less healthy food or drink items for the previous 24 h. For each wave, we derived a dietary score from 0 to 14, based on the 2013 Australian Dietary Guidelines (higher scores indicating healthier diet). We then used factor analyses to empirically derive dietary patterns for separate waves. Using group-based trajectory modelling, we generated trajectories of dietary scores and empirical patterns in 4504 B and 4640 K Cohort children. Four similar trajectories of dietary scores emerged for the B and K Cohorts, containing comparable proportions of children in each cohort: ‘never healthy’ (8·8 and 11·9 %, respectively), ‘moderately healthy’ (24·0 and 20·7 %), ‘becoming less healthy’ (16·6 and 27·3 %) and ‘always healthy’ (50·7 and 40·2 %). Deriving trajectories based on dietary patterns, rather than dietary scores, produced similar findings. For ‘becoming less healthy’ trajectories, dietary quality appeared to worsen from 7 years of age in both cohorts. In conclusion, a brief dietary measure administered repeatedly across childhood generated robust, nuanced dietary trajectories that were replicable across two cohorts and two methodologies. These trajectories appear ideal for future research into dietary determinants and health outcomes.

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FC24-05 - Maternal transmission of borderline personality disorder (BPD): a prospective community-based cohort study

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/s0924-9338(11)73653-7 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 26 (S2) ◽

pp. 1950-1950

Author(s):

S. Barnow ◽

E. Arens

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Parenting Style ◽

Parenting Styles ◽

Familial Risk ◽

High Risk Group ◽

Community Based ◽

Maternal Parenting ◽

Diagnostic Interviews ◽

Associated Risk Factors

ObjectiveThis longitudinal, community based cohort study assessed the mother-offspring transmission of BPD and examined whether maternal parenting styles and offspring temperament are associated risk factors.MethodsAt baseline 315 mothers and 414 offspring of the general population were investigated. Five years later the offspring were followed up and diagnostic interviews were carried out. BPD risk in children of BPD-mothers was compared to the BPD risk in children of healthy mothers. The contribution of an anxious-impulsive temperament in offspring and invalidating maternal parenting style to the prediction of BPD features was analyzed.ResultsOffspring of mothers with BPD were 8.5 times more likely to exhibit the diagnosis of BPD than offspring of healthy mothers. Prediction analyses suggest that mother-offspring transmission of BPD may be partially mediated by reciprocal transactions between a vulnerable temperament and an overprotective maternal parenting style.ConclusionsGiven that offspring of mothers with BPD are not only at heightened familial risk of BPD but also other mental disorders, specificity of factors that are shared between mothers and their offspring is questioned. Early prevention needs to be provided to this high-risk group, especially if there are additional risk factors, as the transaction between vulnerable temperament and maladaptive parenting.

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