The Internet, cross-border trade in services, and the GATS: lessons from US–Gambling

2006 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
SACHA WUNSCH-VINCENT
Keyword(s):  
Dispute Settlement ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Electronic Trade ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Development Agenda ◽  
Border Trade ◽  
Core Concepts ◽  
Work Programme ◽  
Effective Discipline

The rapid development of the Internet has led to a growing electronic cross-border delivery of services. While the WTO negotiations have not caught up to the reality of such service trade, the first GATS case dealing with the Internet, namely ‘United States – Measures Affecting the Cross-Border Supply of Gambling and Betting Services’, has advanced matters. This paper distils the substantive conclusions of the case and remaining questions in relation to Internet-supplied services and certain core concepts of the GATS. Moreover, it sheds light on the case's implications for the services negotiations under the ongoing Doha Development Agenda. It concludes that the second ever GATS case has provided an encouraging set of answers to the unresolved questions of the WTO's Work Programme on E-Commerce, mainly confirming the applicability of GATS commitments to electronically supplied services and shaping the concept of technological neutrality. While more work or dispute settlement cases are necessary to clarify the remaining questions, the rulings have paved the way for the GATS to be a more effective discipline for cross-border (electronic) trade. The paper also explains that a ‘chilling effect’ of the rulings on the Doha services negotiations is not warranted.

Analysis of integrated development of digital economy with the Heilongjiang Province’s cross-border E-commerce with Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 16-23
Author(s):  
Song Linlin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Financial Services ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Heilongjiang Province ◽  
Integrated Development ◽  
Development Status ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Internet Economy ◽  
Comparative Advantages

Since the establishment of the China (Heilongjiang) pilot free trade zone, the development of cross-border e-commerce with Russia has continued to increase speed and quality. With its geographical advantages and its comparative advantages in the Internet field, Heilongjiang Province promoted the rapid development of the Internet economy in Russia, fostered a new digital trade format represented by cross-border e-commerce, and promoted online and offline collaborative promotion of customs clearance logistics and financial services. The paper expounds foundation and development status of Heilongjiang Province’s cross-border e-commerce, analyzes in integrated development of digital economy with the Heilongjiang Province’s cross-border e-commerce with Russia, and further puts forward prospects and recommendations.

scholarly journals Dispute Settlement on E-Commerce Contract: A Practical Analysis of Law

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 473-486
Author(s):  
Firqotun Naziah
Keyword(s):  
Dispute Resolution ◽  
Dispute Settlement ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Electronic Transactions ◽  
Border Trade ◽  
Practical Analysis

E-commerce is a form of trade which has its own characteristics that are cross-border trade, not to meet the seller and buyer, use media internet. The birth of Law No. 11 of 2008 is about Information and Electronic Transactions (ITE Law) seems to be the solution to provide protection for consumers. In the ITE Law has set the terms validity of e-commerce transactions, establishing the rights and obligations, prohibited acts, responsibility, legal protection, remedies, and dispute resolution in e-commerce transactions. This study analyzes the dispute settlement for e-commerce dispute in Indonesia.

scholarly journals Exploration of Intellectual Property Protection Strategies for Cross-border E-commerce

2021 ◽  
Vol 245 ◽  
pp. 01062
Author(s):  
ChunYi Lin
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Intellectual Property Protection ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
One Belt One Road ◽  
Protection Strategies ◽  
Intellectual Property Strategy ◽  
The One ◽  
Intellectual Property Infringement

Abstract— The continued advancement of the “One Belt, One Road” strategy, coupling with the rapid development of the Internet, has provided a convenient online platform for cross-border e-commerce enterprises. China’s cross-border e-commerce enterprises have made unprecedented progress. However, at the same time, the problem of intellectual property infringement in cross-border e-commerce has become increasingly prominent, seriously restricting the development of China’s cross-border e-commerce enterprises. On the basis of analyzing the intellectual property strategy of enterprises. This paper describes the necessity of creating an intellectual property strategy for cross-border e-commerce enterprises, and proposes strategies for building relevant intellectual property strategies aimed at the weak awareness of intellectual property and the copycatting of enterprise products, which are common in the operation of cross-border e-commerce enterprises in China.

Problems and prospects of e-commerce regulation in the EAEU

2021 ◽  
pp. 732-742
Author(s):  
Aleksei Valerievich Bondarenko ◽  
Olga Vladimirovna Evgrafova ◽  
Anton Yurievich Kozhankov ◽  
Valentin Yurievich Vakhrushev
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Commerce ◽  
Imperfect Competition ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Security Threats ◽  
Electronic Trading ◽  
Electronic Trade ◽  
Tax Base ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Online Trading ◽  
Parent Companies

The rapid growth of online trade leads to a number of problems faced by EAEU member states in the implementation of customs regulation of electronic commerce: reducing the tax base by reducing traditional trade; sending profit fl ows to those countries where the parent companies of online trading platforms are registered; imperfect competition of goods imported duty-free compared to goods produced within the EAEU; the emergence of new security threats due to the actual lack of certification and other restrictions, which actualizes a thorough study of this phenomenon and its timely regulation. The article outlines topical issues of regulating the movement of goods of cross-border electronic trade across the customs border of the EAEU, which make it necessary to amend the Agreement on the Customs Code of the EAEU on cross-border electronic commerce, that is, the content of the draft Protocol on Amendments, according to which "goods for electronic commerce" is understood as goods, acquired by individuals in the framework of foreign electronic commerce, under which, in turn, it is meant to conclude a transaction, one of the parties to which is a foreign economic operator, on electronic trading platforms through the Internet. An analysis of these changes is presented, in particular, the prospect of creating a new legal institution and type of activity in the field of customs regulation — an e-commerce operator, which will provide logistics of operations, as well as ensure interaction with Internet sites and customs, ensuring customs declaration processes. The main requirements for the operator of electronic commerce, the specifics of temporary storage, customs declaration and issuance of electronic commerce goods, the specifics of the application of the customs procedure of the customs warehouse, as well as the procedure for applying customs payments and the prospects for regulating electronic commerce in the EAEU have been determined.

scholarly journals Перспективные пути развития прямых продаж международной электронной торговли между Китаем и Россией

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 44-59
Author(s):  
Цзао Фу
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Communications ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Operation Mode ◽  
Internet Technology ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Direct Sales ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Online Sales ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future

Аннотация. В начале этого года неожиданная эпидемия COVID-19 нарушила жизнь людей во всём мире. Приостановлено развитие мировой экономики, международных торговых обменов, что привело к необходимости развивать экономику внутри стран. Приостановлено также заключение международных торговых контрактов и переговоров. Поиск путей выхода из затруднительного положения становится главной задачей для специалистов в области международной торговли. Благодаря быстрому развитию интернета, созданию электронной базы данных и использованию мобильной связи люди по всему миру повышают культуру потребления в сети интернет, используют возможности интернет-технологий, в том числе: электронную торговлю, рекламу услуг маркетинга, сайты для совместного сотрудничества. С помощью использования базы данных и международных сайтов в режиме онлайн возникают возможности для осуществления международных покупок в реальном времени. Под давлением эпидемии многие традиционные отрасли начали пытаться трансформировать онлайн-продажи, которые могут уменьшить убытки, вызванные эпидемией, и даже найти новые точки роста. Наступила эра «живых продаж». Можно предвидеть, что в будущем «живые» продажи охватят больше областей и станут одной из основных моделей продаж. Международная электронная торговля отличается от внутренней электронной торговли, и ей приходится сталкиваться со всё более и более сложными проблемами. В таких условиях наиболее актуальным является вопрос разработки путей развития международной электронной торговли. Ключевые слова: международная электронная торговля, Хайтао, Дайгоу, товары для матери и ребёнка, косметика, предметы роскоши, операционная модель, японские и корейские покупки Parami, Yangpu, Tmall International, Гуанчжоуская международная ярмарка Экспортных товаров, AliExpress, особенность прямых продаж, интерактивность, географические и политические преимущества, перспективные пути развития прямых продаж международной электронной торговли между Китаем и Россией. Abstract. At the beginning of this year, a sudden COVID-19 pandemic disrupted the lives of people all over the world. International trade exchanges were forced to be suspended, which resulted in economic development only within each country. People were unable to conduct face-to-face negotiations and transactions. Thus, the way of breaking through the dilemma has become a problem that the experts who deal with cross-border commerce need to think about. Due to the rapid development of the Internet, creation of electronic databases and use of mobile communications, people all over the world are using the Internet technology. Therefore, the consumption culture of the Internet has been enhanced, including: e-commerce, advertising promotion, advertising marketing services. They share and cooperate with the help of sharing sites. By using databases and online international websites, international shopping can be carried out in real time. Under the pressure of the epidemic, many traditional industries have begun to try the transformation of online sales, which can reduce the losses caused by the epidemic, and even find new growth points. The era of “live sales” has quietly arrived. It is foreseeable that live shopping in the future will cover more areas and become one of the mainstream sales models. Cross-border e-commerce is different from domestic e-commerce in that it faces more and more complex problems. It is imminent to find a suitable development path for cross-border e-commerce direct sales. Keywords: International e-commerce, overseas shopping, purchasing, maternal and child, cosmetics, luxury goods, operation mode, Parami Japan and South Korea purchases, Yangpu, Tmall International, Canton Fair, AliExpress, geographic, political and economic advantages, characteristics of live sales, interactivity, the future of the cross-border e-commerce direct sales between China and Russia.

PECULIARITIES AND CONDITIONS OF ACTIVITY OF BOOK PUBLISHING HOUSES OF UKRAINE IN THE MODERN MEDIA SPACE

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetyana Jezhyzhanska
Keyword(s):  
Information Technologies ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Book Publishing ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Modern Media ◽  
Media Space ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
Book Publishers

In the information society the status of information is changing: this main value of global civilization becomes an important resource of socio- economic, technological and cultural development. The rapid development of virtual technologies and the growing number of Internet users in Ukraine and in the world causes the new challenges to communication of each organization. The book publishers are also obliged to respond to these processes. However, the works devoted directly to publishers’ communication in the modern media space are still lacking in Ukraine. The objective of the article is to clarify peculiarities and conditions of the activities of Ukrainian book publishers in today’s media space which is an important issue today. It is analyzed the literature and sources on this issue and it is ascertained the theoretical and practical possibilities to take into account the trends in the world of modern media in the PR-activity of book publishers. Also the prospects for further scientific study and practical use of PR-communications in the activity of publishers are determined. The analysis of current changes in the modern information space allows us to trace the general tendencies: the new subject and object areas are formed; the number of subjects is expanded; the new formats of interaction within the system of communications of the organization and in society as a whole are created. That means that publishing house’s PR-communications are complicated by the emergence of new elements, such as active audience, social networks as communication channels, promotions on the Internet and others. PR communication in the Internet space is the most effective and inexpensive tool for interaction of publishers with active audiences. Thus, the activation of PR communication in the modern media space is associated with the emergence of the latest information technologies, online media as well as development of Internet. The use of online channels of Internet for communication with the target audience of publishing organizations has certain advantages over traditional media. At the same time, it is necessary to take into account the information saturation of media space, which complicates the way of PR-messages of book publishers to the reader.

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