Does the developmental plasticity hypothesis have application to Irish Travellers? Findings from the all Ireland Traveller Health Study birth cohort 2008–2011

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 307-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. A. Hamid ◽  
P. Fitzpatrick ◽  
A. Rowan ◽  
C. McGorrian ◽  
L. Daly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
General Population ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Developmental Plasticity ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Health Study

There is little record of birth weight of Irish Travellers, a minority group in Ireland. Travellers are known to have higher rate of adult chronic disease and to be exposed to life-long disadvantage. The aim of this study was to establish whether the birth weight and infant mortality rate patterns in Ireland's Travellers were consistent with the developmental plasticity hypothesis. A 1-year follow-up birth cohort study was conducted with linkage data from maternity hospital records of Traveller infants born on the island of Ireland over a 12-month period to self-identifying Traveller and general Irish population mothers from the Lifeways Cross-Generation Cohort Study. The main outcome measure was the rate of birth weight <3000 g in a cohort of Traveller children. There were 987 confirmed Traveller births, 500 of whose mothers consented to linkage to their records. A social gradient was observed in the distribution of birth weight in the general population and Traveller infants constituted the highest proportion of all social classes in the birth weight range of 3 kg or less (16.3%). There was a high rate of persistent smoking among Traveller mothers (53%). After adjustment for smoking and alcohol consumption in pregnancy, the birth weight differential persisted (OR 3.5, 95% CI 1.4–8.1). Infant mortality rate at 12.0/1000 births (95% CI 5.5–19.7) was almost four times that of the general population. This analysis confirms Travellers had a greater than expected incidence of low birth weight and high infant mortality with high rates of premature adult chronic diseases from all causes already demonstrated previously.

Analysis of Infant Mortality Rate in Korea Concerning According to Birth Weight and Gestational Age from 2005 to 2009

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mi Jin Cho ◽  
Jin Hee Ko ◽  
Sung Hoon Chung ◽  
Yong Sung Choi ◽  
Won Ho Hahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate

scholarly journals Mortality of children under one year of age in Russia: what has changed after the transition to the new definition of live birth and stillbirth

2015 ◽  
pp. 69-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Kvasha
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Medical Statistics ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Structure And Dynamics ◽  
Regional Aspect ◽  
One Year ◽  
Definition Of

Infant mortality in Russia has been decreasing for several decades. In 2011, however, Russia’s infant mortality rate reached a level (7.4 per 1000 live births) more than three times higher than in countries with minimal levels. In April 2012, Russia adopted new definitions of live births and stillbirths, which are much closer to the corresponding WHO definitions than those used before. The transition to these new definitions was meant to increase the rates of perinatal, early neonatal and infant mortality in general for children weighing up to 1000 grams – those concerned by the changed definition. This paper analyzes the changes in the structure and dynamics of death in children under one year of age since the transition to the new definitions of live births and stillbirths, according to birth weight and period of death based on official and medical statistics. It looks at the possibility of distortion of both infant and perinatal mortality and their components. Particular attention is given to an analysis of the structure of infant mortality by age and cause of death in Russia in comparison with other countries. The regional aspect of changes in infant mortality for 2011-2012 is also studied herein. The analysis is based on data from official and medical statistics.

scholarly journals FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PERBEDAAN BERAT BADAN LAHIR BAYI DI RSUD. Dr. M . YUNUS KOTA BENGKULU

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-151
Author(s):  
Meli Marisiantini
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Caffeine Consumption ◽  
Cross Sectional

Nowadays, Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) is still high in Indonesia, it is about 32 per 1.000 livebirths, and low birth weight infants accounted for 34% as the major cause (SDKI, 2012). InDr.M.Yunus hospital at Bengkulu city, cases of LBW has increased from the preceding year,approximately 391 infants (14.4%) of 2713 childbirths. The purpose of this research is known thefactors which affect average of birth weight infants in C1 Midwifery room at Dr.M.Yunus Bengkulu in2013. The study design was observational descriptive with cross-sectional method which the populationare women who delivered in the maternity room at Dr.M.Yunus hospital, and also with accidentalsampling technique which samples are 48 respondents, data were processed using univariate andbivariate. The results of statistical tests showed there are influences of those factors to affect average ofbirth weight infant in Dr.M.Yunus hospital in 2013 and long-standing is the most dominant factor. It isexpected that health workers can be provide counseling to pregnant women in order to know the risks ifthe women have a bad lifestyle (exposure to cigarette smoke, caffeine consumption, and prolongedstanding) and also set the age for pregnancy planning.

Relationship between the nutritional status of pregnant women and the incident of Low Birth Weight infant

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 58-62
Author(s):  
Mardiaturrahmah Mardiaturrahmah ◽  
Anjarwati Anjarwati
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
P Value ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Control Approach

The maternal mortality rate is 19,500 to 20,000 people every year or occurs every 26-27 minutes. The caus of maternal death is bleeding 30.5%, infection 22,5%, gestosis 17,5 and anesthesia 2%.  The infant mortality rate is around 10,000 to 280,000 per 18-20 minutes. The cause of infant mortality is due to Low Birth Weight (LBW) of 15/1000%.  The infant mortality rate in Indonesia is still the highest problem in other ASEAN countries. The infant mortality rate in Indonesia from 2008 was around 248 per 100,000 live births. Basic Health Research (RISKESDA) 2013 shows there are still 10,2% of babies with LBW, which is less than 2,500 grams. Neonatal death because LBW is basically affected by the nutritional status of pregnant women. This study aims to determine the relationship between the nutritional status of pregnant women and the  incidence  of  LBW. This  quantitative  research  uses  a  case  control  approach  using  a  retrospective approach. The population in this study were mothers who had given birth to babies during the last two years (2016-2017). The sampling technique uses total sampling for control cases by using a ratio of 1: 1 for the case group of 40: 40 samples. Analysis using Chi Square with p value 0,000 (OR=3,500, CI 95%=2,313-5,296). There is a relationship between nutritional status of pregnant women and the incidence of LBW. Health Technology Assessment (HTA) which can seek 1000 first day of life can be a breakthrough in assessing and providing interventions of nutrition in families, especially in pregnant women.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Birth Weight Discordance and Adverse Infant Mortality among Monozygotic and Dizygotic Twins in Japan, 1995–2008

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
Yoko Imaizumi
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Vital Statistics ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Deaths ◽  
Mz Twins ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractUsing vital statistics in Japan (1995–2008), 154,578 live-born twin pairs (128,236 monozygotic [MZ] and 180,920 dizygotic [DZ]) were identified. The proportion of severe discordance among live-born twin births was twice as high in Japanese than Caucasian infants. There were 1858 MZ and 1620 DZ infant deaths. Computation of the relationship between infant mortality rate and birth weight discordance among the twins was performed. Discordance levels were classified into seven groups: <5%, five groups from 5–9% to 25–29%, and ≥30%.The mortality rate was significantly higher in MZ than DZ twins for discordances except at 5–9% and 10–14%. The lowest rate for MZ twins was at 5–9% (7.5 per 1000 live twins) and significantly increased from 10–14% (9.4) to ≥30% (83.4), while the lowest rate for DZ twins was at <5% (6.7), which significantly increased at 10–14% (8.0) and from 25–29% (12.1) to ≥30% (35.5). The relationship was also computed in two gestational age groups (<28 and ≥28 weeks). For births at <28 weeks, three discordances (after 20–24%) in MZ twins were associated with adverse mortality rate. For births at ≥28 weeks, the same relationship was obtained after 10–14% in MZ and after 20–24% in DZ twins. The relationship from 2002 to 2008 showed that the mortality rates significantly increased after 10–14% for both types of twins. In conclusion, five discordance levels in MZ and three levels in DZ twins were associated with adverse mortality rates.

scholarly journals Routing of pregnant women as one of the ways to reduce infant mortality

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
Valery V. Gorev ◽  
Anna A. Anna
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Extremely Low Birth Weight ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Reduce Infant Mortality

One of the most important tasks that healthcare providers face is to reduce infant mortality. The purpose of our study was to assess the effects of routing of pregnant women with preterm birth on the infant mortality rate. Materials and methods: оperating data of the Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat), operational notifications about death of young children under the age of 1, monthly reports of obstetric hospitals subordinate to Moscow Healthcare Department, annual reports of hospital departments providing neonatal care in medical organizations of Moscow Healthcare Department, and statistical data analysis. Results and discussion. The infant mortality rate in Moscow has been declining in recent decades and has been less than 6‰ annually since 2016. The share of newborns with extremely low birth weight is insignificant in overall rate. At the same time, extremely low birth weight is one of the main causes of infant mortality. As this category of newborns requires specific care, it is better to deliver such babies in perinatal centers that provide high quality medical care. Within 5 years, the share of children with ELBW born in perinatal centers and specialized obstetric hospitals has almost doubled. At the same time, there is an increase in the survival rate of children with extremely low birth weight by the age of one year in obstetric hospitals. Conclusion. Well-planned routing of patient within the large system of obstetric hospitals in Moscow could reduce death rate, increase the survival rate of children with extremely low birth weight and contribute to reducing infant mortality in the region.

scholarly journals Trends in Infant mortality rate and mortality for neonates born at less than 32 weeks and with very low birth weight

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 977-984 ◽  
Author(s):  
René Mauricio Barría-Pailaquilén ◽  
Yessy Mendoza-Maldonado ◽  
Yohana Urrutia-Toro ◽  
Cristian Castro-Mora ◽  
Gema Santander-Manríquez
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Year 2000

The aim of the study was to assess the trend of the infant mortality rate between 1990-2004 and the neonatal mortality between 2000-2005 in infants born at less than 32 weeks of gestational age or with very low birth-weight. Based on secondary data, infant mortality rate and by its component for Valdivia city were compared with national indicators. Mortality at <32 weeks and <1500g was calculated, establishing causes of death and evaluating its relation with specific interventions, such as the use of surfactant and antenatal corticoids. Since the year 2000, infant mortality rates have stopped their decrease in comparison to the preceding decade and the gap between national and local rates before 2000 was drastically reduced. Mortality at <32 weeks and <1500g varied between 88‰ and 200‰ of liveborns, emphasizing respiratory distress as the main cause of death. The use of corticoids and surfactant was in line with reductions in mortality rates.

scholarly journals Evaluasi Pemantauan Intrapartum pada Persalinan dengan BBLR di RSUD Gunung Jati Kota Cirebon

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 178
Author(s):  
Lisnawati Lisnawati
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Time Management ◽  
Active Phase ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Delivery Room ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Average Value

<p>Low Birth Weight (LBW) is neonates with birth weight less than 2,500 grams (up to 2,499 grams) without looking the duration of pregnancy. LBW is one cause of infant mortality rate in Indonesia. Increasing the knowledge, attitudes, and skills of midwives are the strategy to reduce infant mortality rate. The number of spontaneous labor with preterm gestation by midwives is the main reason to increase the skills of the LBW. This study was aimed to evaluate the skills of midwives in the management of labor with low birth weight in intrapartum monitoring. The methods were a quantitative and qualitative study with cross sectional approach. The quantitative was to evaluate the skills of midwives in intrapartum monitoring (active phase of the first stage), it is using checklists to 20 midwives in the delivery room who had received at least 1 case of labor with LBW. Research also conducted qualitatively by interviewing midwives in the delivery room and hospital managers. The results of this study showed that the midwives were not competent in the intrapartum monitoring of LBW. The average value of midwives skills in action intrapartum monitoring is 70.3% (the highest value is 81,25% and the lowest is 62,25%). The midwives know that labor with LBW is not authorized by midwives, all this time management labor with low birth weight is through a doctor's advice, but the midwives were not competent and not confident in providing care in the management of labor with LBW. This study showed that the skills of midwives in the intrapartum monitoring of LBW are not good enough to be able to reduce mortality due to LBW. </p>

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