Beverage intake and obesity in early childhood: evidence form primary health care clients in Northwest Argentina

Sugar sweetened beverages (SSB) are thought to play an important role in weight gain. We examined the relationship between the intake of caloric and noncaloric beverages (SSB and water) and the nutritional status of children. In 2014, we randomly selected 16 public health clinics in four cities of Northwest Argentina and conducted a survey among mothers of children 0–6 years of age. Children’s beverage intake was ascertained by 24-h dietary recall provided by the mothers. Children’s weight and height measures were obtained from clinic’s registries. We calculated the body mass index using the International Obesity Task Force standards. The analysis included 562 children 25 months to 6 years of age with normal or above normal nutritional status. Children’s beverage consumption was as follows, water 81.8%, carbonated soft drinks (CSD) 49.7%, coffee/tea/cocoa 44.0%, artificial fruit drinks 35.6%, flavored water 17.9%, natural fruit juice 14.5%. In multivariate logistic regression models the likelihood of being obese v. being overweight or having normal weight doubled with an intake of one to five glasses of CSD (OR=2.2) and increased by more than three-fold with an intake of more than five glasses (OR=3.5). Drinking more than five glasses of water decreased the likelihood of being obese by less than half (OR=0.3). The percentage of children drinking more than five glasses of other beverages was low (3.3–0.9%) and regression models did not yield significant results. The study contributed evidence for reducing children’s CSD intake and for promoting water consumption, together with the implementation of comprehensive regulatory public health policies.

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Eating Habits and Body Composition of International Elite Soccer Referees

Journal of Human Kinetics ◽

10.2478/hukin-2019-0078 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 71 (1) ◽

pp. 145-153 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Gabriele Mascherini ◽

Cristian Petri ◽

Elena Ermini ◽

Angelo Pizzi ◽

Antonio Ventura ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Eating Habits ◽

Impedance Analysis ◽

Skinfold Thickness ◽

Normal Weight ◽

The Body ◽

Body Composition Assessment ◽

Dietary Recall ◽

Low Level ◽

Vitamin B9

AbstractSoccer referees are a specific group of the athletes’ population whose careers peak from 30 to 45 years old. An athlete's performance is not only determined by physical training but also by a lifestyle, e.g. eating habits. The purpose of this study was to verify current eating habits and resulting body composition of a group of elite international soccer referees. At an international FIFA seminar 60 elite international soccer referees (aged 39.2 ± 4.2 years) were enrolled. A body composition assessment was performed with skinfold thickness and bio impedance analysis, while eating habits were evaluated with a multi-pass 24-hour dietary recall. The body composition showed a normal weight condition with a fat content of 11.4 ± 2.5%. Macronutrients showed a low level of carbohydrates (43.6 ± 5.4%) and a high level of fat (40.0 ± 4.5%). Micronutrients showed a low level of calcium, potassium, zinc, magnesium, iodine, vitamin B12 and vitamin B9. Even though their body composition was within the normal range, the current eating habits of elite international soccer referees did not appear to follow the nutrition guidelines. Therefore, it would be advisable to provide knowledge on nutrition for this particular category of sports subjects, an individualized nutritional plan would be advisable, in order to achieve and maintain better performance and appropriate body composition for their role.

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How Incarceration Influences Native-Born Black Men’s Risk of Obesity

Ethnicity & Disease ◽

10.18865/ed.28.2.69 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

pp. 69

Author(s):

Tony N. Brown ◽

Julian Culver ◽

Asia Bento

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Black Men ◽

Lower Risk ◽

Regression Models ◽

African American Men ◽

Mass Incarceration ◽

Obesity Risk ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Demographic Group ◽

Health Significance

Objective: To build upon research that investigates the health significance of familial and former incarceration with special emphasis on obesity risk among native-born Black (ie, African American) men.Methods: We analyzed data from the 2001-2003 National Survey of American Life (NSAL), focusing on native-born Black men (n=1140), the demographic group that bears the brunt of mass incarceration. The outcome of interest was obesity as measured by body mass index (BMI)>30. Principal predictors were familial and former incarceration, and their statistical interaction.Results: In survey-adjusted binomial logistic regression models, familial incarceration appeared an unimportant predictor; whereas, former incarceration associated with a lower risk of obesity. However, former incarceration modifies the association between familial incarceration and obesity, such that native-born Black men experiencing both familial and former incarceration were significantly more likely to be obese.Conclusions: Public health researchers should treat former incarceration with greater care in studies including native-born Black men because time spent incarcerated has lingering physical health significance.Ethn Dis. 2018;28(2):69-74; doi:10.18865/ ed.28.2.69.

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General and central obesity operate differently as predictors of falls requiring medical care in older women: a population-based cohort study in Spain

Age and Ageing ◽

10.1093/ageing/afaa164 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ygor Hermenegildo-López ◽

Helena Sandoval-Insausti ◽

Carolina Donat-Vargas ◽

Jose Ramón Banegas ◽

Fernando Rodríguez-Artalejo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Waist Circumference ◽

Medical Care ◽

Older Women ◽

Abdominal Obesity ◽

Regression Models ◽

Population Based ◽

Normal Weight ◽

General Obesity ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Overweight Women

Abstract Objectives to examine the association of general and abdominal obesity with falls, falls requiring medical care and falls with fractures in older women. Design a population-based prospective cohort of 1,185 women aged ≥60 in Spain, followed up from 2008 to 2010 through 2012. Measures weight, height and waist circumference were measured at baseline using standardised techniques. Participants were classified according to body mass index as normal weight (<25), overweight (25–29.9) and general obesity (≥30). Abdominal obesity was defined as waist circumference >88 cm. In 2012, participants reported the falls experienced in the previous year. Logistic regression models were mutually adjusted for general and abdominal obesity and for main confounders. Results in this cohort of older women, a total of 336 women experienced falls, 168 of them had falls requiring medical care and 64 falls with fractures. For falls, no association was found with general obesity nor abdominal obesity. However, compared with normal weight, overweight women had a decreased risk for falls requiring medical care [odds ratio (OR) 0.57; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.34–0.94] and for falls with fractures (OR 0.27; 95% CI 0.12–0.63). The corresponding values for general obesity were 0.44 (0.24–0.81) and 0.30 (0.11–0.82). Abdominal obesity was positively associated with falls requiring medical care (OR 1.82; 95% CI 1.12–2.94) and falls with fractures (OR 2.75; 95% CI 1.18–6.44). Conclusions in older women, general obesity may protect from falls requiring medical care and falls with fractures. On the contrary, abdominal obesity increased the risk of suffering from types of falls.

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Comparison and agreement of criteria for the BMI classification of physically active elderly women living in the Backlands, semi-arid Region

Journal of Human Growth and Development ◽

10.7322/jhgd.128227 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 27 (3) ◽

pp. 342 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Marcelo De Maio Nascimento ◽

Luiz Gabriel Dantas Pereira ◽

Phillipe Ramon Nogueira Cordeiro ◽

Luciana Márcia Gomes de Araújo

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Health Risk ◽

Elderly Women ◽

Kappa Statistic ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

The Body ◽

World Health ◽

Abdominal Circumference ◽

Cross Sectional

Introduction: The study of the nutritional status of the elderly deserves attention, since there is no consensus on the criteria for the evaluation of the Body Mass Index (BMI) of this population.Objective: To evaluate the nutritional status of elderly women practicing regular physical exercises, as well as to compare the World Health Organization (WHO) and Lipschitz criteria to the identification of health risk and to examine their agreement.Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study with 76 elderly women in physical exercise groups in Petrolina-PE. The nutritional status was obtained by the calculation of BMI according to WHO and Lipschitz criteria. The analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the variables, followed by Tukey post hoc. The Kappa statistic established the agreement between the BMI criteria, the Spearman coefficient determined the correlation between BMI and abdominal circumference (AC).Results: Elderly patients aged 60-79 years were classified as being overweight by WHO and eutrophic by Lipschitz. Octogenarian demonstrated eutrophy, according to the criterion of Lipschitz, WHO diverged for this group between thinness and eutrophy. There was a weak agreement between both criteria, Kappa (0.232, p = 0.002) and a strong correlation between BMI and CA (r = 0.722, p <0.001).Conclusion: There was a divergence between the WHO and Lipschitz criteria. The WHO proved to be more sensitive to identifying overweight and obesity and Lipschitz's normal weight and malnutrition. The CA measure was more competent to detect health risk, especially in elderly eutrophic women.

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Dietary Habits and Nutritional Status of Undergraduate Students of Winneba Campus of University of Education, Winneba, Ghana

10.46715/jfsn2020.10.1000109 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Janet AgyarkwaaOti ◽

Guy Eshun

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Nutrition Education ◽

Undergraduate Students ◽

Dietary Habits ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Normal Weight ◽

The Body ◽

World Health ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The University

Even though empirical evidence exists to validate the avowal that dietary habits hold the key in reducing the surge in non-communicable diseases among adolescents and young adults and for optimal nutritional status, little is known about the nexus of these variables in the Ghanaian context and much less in Ghanaian universities. In view of this dearth in literature, this study investigated dietary habits and its effect on nutritional status among undergraduate students of the Winneba Campus of University of Education, Winneba. Using the Social-Ecological Model (SEM) as the theoretical basis, this study adopted the cross-sectional descriptive survey research design with the quantitative approach where proportionate stratified random sampling technique was used to select 3,065 students for the study. The assessment of nutritional status was done where height and weight were measured in Kg/m2and the body mass index (BMI) was calculated based on the recommendations by the World Health Organization. Data on the dietary habits was collected with a closed-ended questionnaire which was analyzed using both descriptive statistics like frequency, percentages, mean, standard deviation as well as inferential statistics such as multiple regression.The study discovered that undergraduate students of the University of Education, Winneba, were of normal weight than overweight and underweight while obesity was ranked the least. The study further revealed that even though students moderately consumed fish, meat, eggs and dairy products legumes and nuts, they had a low intake of fruits and vegetables, but high consumption of energy-dense foods and fast foods such as cakes, pastries, cookies, deep-fried foods, biscuits, sandwiches, indomie and of soft drinks. It was further established that majority of the students skipped meals notably breakfast. Besides, the study showed that all the dietary habits outlined in the study collectively contributed significantly to students’ nutritional status. Therefore, it is recommended that the University through its health directorate and the Department of Food and Nutrition should regularly organize health talks and symposiums to admonish students on the dangers of not observing optimal dietary habits. Additionally, the University through its Academic Board should introduce a general course on nutrition education to equip students with current theories in dietary practices for improved dietary habits.

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A Gendered Perspective on Local Economic Development: Differences in the Perceived Importance of Public Services in the Business Recruitment Process

Administration & Society ◽

10.1177/0095399715616837 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 51 (2) ◽

pp. 175-196 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Dustin Read ◽

Suzanne Marie Leland

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Public Service ◽

Local Governments ◽

Regression Models ◽

Public Services ◽

Local Economic Development ◽

The Body ◽

Recruitment Process ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Perceived Importance

This study uses data from a national survey of economic developers working in local government to explore gender differences in the perceived importance of public services in the business recruitment process. The results of a series of ordinal logistic regression models suggest women are more likely than men to believe public service quality and availability are important concerns for companies considering their region. These findings are consistent with the body of work examining gender gaps in the perceptions of both policymakers and the general public that may have important implications for local governments interested in promoting economic growth.

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Consumers’ Consciousness of Health-Friendly Products and Services and Its Association with Sociodemographic Characteristics and Health Status

10.20944/preprints201905.0075.v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Young Ho Yun ◽

Jin-Ah Sim ◽

Yaeji Kim ◽

Sujee Lee

Keyword(s):

Regression Models ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Spiritual Health ◽

Social Responsiveness ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽

Urban Residence ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Positive Attitudes ◽

The Government ◽

Perception Of Health

Although health policy resides mainly with the government, industry can play an important role in building a health ecosystem. From March to May, we administered questionnaires to 1,200 individuals from the general Korean population asking about their perception of health-friendly labels, and if they would purchase such labeled products (foods, pharmaceuticals, etc.) and services (purifying water, preventing air pollution, etc.) at extra cost. The participants placed a high value on the importance of mental, social, spiritual, and physical health factors in terms of company’s products and services with a score of about 8 out of 10 (range, 7.74-8.33). Most respondents (72.4%) said they were interested in adopting health-friendly labels. When a health-friendly label is introduced (such as one by the Business for Social Responsiveness), 65.1% of the respondents said they intended to purchase the product or service, while 6.8% said they did not, and 75.0% said they were willing to pay extra for the health-friendly product or service. Multivariate logistic regression models showed urban residence, high education level, and good social health to be significantly associated with positive attitudes toward health-friendly labels. People with high income, no religion, or normal weight were more likely to say they intend to purchase products and services with health-friendly labels. They also had a more positive attitude toward paying more for such products and services, as did people with good spiritual health. This study provides data that illustrate the importance of health-friendly products and services to the general population and companies.

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An Empirical Comparative Analysis Using Machine Learning Techniques for Liver Disease Prediction

International Journal of Healthcare Information Systems and Informatics ◽

10.4018/ijhisi.20211001.oa10 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 1-12

Author(s):

Mohammed Alghobiri ◽

Hikmat Ullah Khan ◽

Ahsan Mahmood

Keyword(s):

Liver Disease ◽

Human Body ◽

Regression Models ◽

Near Neighbor ◽

The Body ◽

Machine Learning Techniques ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Learning Techniques ◽

Tenfold Cross Validation ◽

Day By Day

The human liver is one of the major organs in the body and liver disease can cause many problems in human live. Due to the increase in liver disease, various data mining techniques are proposed by the researchers to predict the liver disease. These techniques are improving day by day in order to predict and diagnose the liver disease in human. In this paper, real-world liver disease dataset is incorporated for diagnosing liver disease in human body. For this purpose, feature selection models are used to select a number of features that best are the most important feature to diagnose the liver disease. After selecting features and splitting data for training and testing, different classification algorithms in terms of naïve Bayes, supervised vector machine, decision tree, k near neighbor and logistic regression models to diagnose the liver disease in human body. The results are cross-validated by tenfold cross validation methods and achieve an accuracy as good as 93%.

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Breakfast Dietary Pattern Is Inversely Associated with Overweight/Obesity in European Adolescents: The HELENA Study

Children ◽

10.3390/children8111044 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (11) ◽

pp. 1044

Author(s):

Leandro Teixeira Cacau ◽

Pilar De Miguel-Etayo ◽

Alba M. Santaliestra-Pasías ◽

Natalia Giménez-Legarre ◽

Dirce Maria Marchioni ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health Problem ◽

Principal Component ◽

Normal Weight ◽

The Body ◽

Principal Component Factor Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Mixed Effect ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Sweetened Beverages ◽

Sectional Analysis

Obesity in children and adolescents is a public health problem and diet can play a major role in this condition. We aimed to identify sex-specific dietary patterns (DP) and to evaluate the association with overweight/obesity in European adolescents. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis with 2327 adolescents aged between 12.5 to 17.5 years from a multicenter study across Europe. The body mass index was categorized in “normal weight” and “overweight/obesity”. Two non-consecutive 24-h dietary recalls were collected with a computerized self-reported software. Principal component factor analysis was used to identify DP. Mixed-effect logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association between the sex-specific DP and overweight/obesity outcome. As a result, we found three DP in boys (snacking and bread, Mediterranean diet, and breakfast) and four DP in girls (convenience, plant-based and eggs, Western, and breakfast). The association between DP and overweight/obesity highlights that those adolescents with higher adherence to the breakfast DP had lower odds for overweight/obesity, even after the inclusion of covariables in the adjustments. In European adolescents, the breakfast DP positively characterized by breakfast cereals, fruit, milk, and dairy and negatively characterized by sugar-sweetened beverages in boys and negatively characterized by cereals (pasta, rice, and others) in girls, was inversely associated with overweight/obesity.

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Nutritional Status Associated to Skipping Breakfast in Brazilian Health Service Patients

Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1159/000447363 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 69 (1) ◽

pp. 31-40 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Gislaine Cândida Batista-Jorge ◽

Antônio Sérgio Barcala-Jorge ◽

Anderson Frederico Oliveira Dias ◽

Marise Fagundes Silveira ◽

Deborah de Farias Lelis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Service ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

The Body ◽

Chi Square ◽

Physically Active ◽

Dietary Recall ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Student’S T ◽

Skipping Breakfast

Recent studies show that skipping breakfast is associated with an increased risk of obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. In this context, this study evaluated 400 patients from the Brazilian health service who had their nutritional status defined based on the body mass index and were classified as physically active or insufficient active. The energy intake and macronutrients was also assessed by a 24-hour dietary recall where the association of overweight/obesity with the investigated variables was evaluated using chi-square, Student's t test and multivariate analysis (p < 0.05). The main results showed that more than half of the studied population have the habit of omitting breakfast (55.8%), and among those, 81.2% were overweight/obese (p < 0.0001). Almost three-fourths of these individuals consumed no more than 4 meals a day (73.0%), and regarding this meal frequency/day, 78.8% of the individuals who reported having 4 meals or less a day were overweight/obese compared with 57.8% who reported as having 5-6 meals/day (p < 0.0001). The individuals who reported to omit breakfast had a higher chance of being overweight compared with those who had this habit (OR 2.20; 95% CI 1.40-3.60) and the chance of the physically insufficient active individuals to be overweight/obese was 2.9 times higher when compared to the active individuals (p < 0.0001). Our findings suggest that regular breakfast consumption may decrease overweight and obesity risk.

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