Yield mapping at different scales to improve fertilizer decision making in the Australian sugar industry

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 630-634
Author(s):  
R. G. V. Bramley ◽  
J. Ouzman ◽  
D. L. Gobbett
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Industry ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Barrier Reef ◽  
Fertilizer Management ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Fertilizer Use ◽  
Fertilizer Recommendation ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
River Cane ◽  
Monitor Data

Potential yield is one of the criteria used as an input to nitrogen (N) fertilizer management decisions when using SIX EASY STEPS (6ES), the fertilizer recommendation tool used in the Australian sugar industry. Most commonly, 6ES is implemented using a district yield potential (DYP). In this study, we use analysis of sugar mill and yield monitor data from the Herbert River cane growing district to demonstrate that yield is markedly spatially variable, with this variability following the same patterns from year to year. There would therefore be value in a more location specific consideration of potential yield and application of 6ES. Similar analyses could be readily conducted in other sugar producing regions with potentially important implications for fertilizer use efficiency and the minimization of nutrient accessions to the Great Barrier Reef.

Estimating nutrient requirements for winter oilseed rape based on QUEFTS analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 154 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. REN ◽  
J. ZOU ◽  
Y. WANG ◽  
X. K. LI ◽  
R. H. CONG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Tropical Soils ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Nutrient Requirements ◽  
Winter Oilseed Rape ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Target Yield ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Relationship Of

SUMMARYEstimating crop nutrient requirements for winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) is a crucial step in optimizing fertilization to enhance seed yield and improve fertilizer use efficiency. In the present paper, a database composed of 1035 on-farm observations collected from 2005 to 2010 across the major winter oilseed rape production regions in China was used to evaluate internal nutrient efficiencies (kg seed per kg nutrient in plant dry matter); then the Quantitative Evaluation of the Fertility of Tropical Soils (QUEFTS) model for winter oilseed rape was developed to describe the nutrient uptake-yield relationship of oilseed rape over a wide range of environmental conditions and predict the nutrient requirements for a target yield. After excluding observations with low harvest index values, <0·20, and excluding 0·025 of the highest and lowest internal nutrient efficiencies, the minimum and maximum internal nutrient efficiencies were estimated as 13·1 and 31·6 kg seed/kg nitrogen (N), 68·9 and 200·3 kg seed/kg phosphorus (P) and 8·9 and 31·1 kg seed/kg potassium (K), respectively. On the basis of the data settings, the balanced N, P and K uptake at different yield potential levels was calculated using a linear–parabolic–plateau curve with the QUEFTS model. Crop nutrient requirements increased linearly until the yield reached approximately 0·60–0·70 of the potential yield, and 46·0 kg N, 8·0 kg P and 57·1 kg K were found to be needed to produce 1000 kg of seed. The corresponding internal nutrient efficiencies were 21·8, 125·1 and 17·5 kg seed/kg N, P and K, respectively. However, when the target yields approached the yield potential, a decrease in internal nutrient efficiencies was detected in the model. The predicted nutrient requirement values simulated by the QUEFTS model compared well with observed values across a range of conditions. To conclude, the QUEFTS model was shown to be a practical and robust tool for assessing the crop nutrient requirements of winter oilseed rape.

scholarly journals Nitrogen Fertilizer Use Efficiency of Pepper as Affected by Irrigation and Fertilization Regime

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 525-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vjekoslav TANASKOVIK ◽  
Ordan CUKALIEV ◽  
Rameshwar S. KANWAR ◽  
Lee K. HENG ◽  
Mile MARKOSKI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Percentage Increase ◽  
Fertilizer Use Efficiency ◽  
Fertilizer Use ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Drip Fertigation

The pepper producers in the Republic of Macedonia have used drip irrigation systems to increase yield in recent years, but more research is still needed, related to irrigation scheduling and precise requirement of nitrogen fertilizer to maximise pepper yield. Therefore, a two year experiment was conducted in a plastic house to determine the nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency (NFUE) and yield potential of pruned pepper as affected by irrigation and fertilization regime. Four experimental treatments were applied in this study. Three of the treatments were drip fertigated (DF1, DF2, DF3), while the fourth treatment was furrow irrigated with conventional fertilization (ØB). The labelled urea with 1% concentration of a stable isotope of nitrogen (15N) was applied for determination of NFUE. The results of this study clearly showed that increased NFUE and pepper yield depend on irrigation and fertilization regime. Namely, NFUE was significantly increased with the application of nitrogen fertilizer through drip irrigation system as compared to conventional fertilization with furrow irrigation. Also, drip fertigation frequency positively affects percentage increase of NFUE. Furthermore, our results showed that drip fertigation treatments resulted in significantly higher pepper yields in comparison to conventional fertilization. Also, drip fertigation frequency at four and two days (DF2 and DF1) resulted in higher yields when compared with drip fertigation scheduled by using tensiometers (DF3). Generally, to reach acceptable pepper yield with high NFUE, we recommend drip fertigation with a frequency of two to four days combined with two main shoots of pruned pepper in order to increase farmer’s income and to minimize the environmental impact.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Suitable Amount of Water and Fertilizer for Mature Grapes in Drip Irrigation in Extreme Arid Regions

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 2063 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusheng Hou ◽  
Zhenhua Wang ◽  
Huaijun Ding ◽  
Wenhao Li ◽  
Yue Wen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Arid Areas ◽  
Fertilizer Management ◽  
Fertilizer Use ◽  
Grey Correlation ◽  
Grey Correlation Analysis ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Superior Level

Low water and fertilizer use efficiency have become important factors restricting the sustainable development of agriculture in extreme arid areas, typically like Xinjiang in China. In order to optimize the water and fertilizer management system of grape drip irrigation in the region, field experiments were carried out to study the effects of different water and fertilizer treatments on the physiological growth, yield, and quality of grapes. Meanwhile, principal component analysis, grey correlation analysis, and regression analysis were used to quantify the relative optimal amount of water and fertilizer. The results showed that the effects of water and fertilizer interaction on the photosynthetic index and fluorescence index of grape leaves, in different growth periods, ng reached extremely significant levels (p < 0.01). The physiological indicators showed regular changes with the increase and decrease of water and fertilizer use and the appropriate amount of water and fertilizer could maintain the index at a superior level. Meanwhile, there are differences in the index of different growth stages and regular changes with the growth period. The effects of water and fertilizer interaction on the yield, water use efficiency, and quality of drip irrigation reached a very significant level (p < 0.01). The yield reached the maximum in W3F2 treatment and the yield increased by 29.76% compared with the minimum yield of W1F1. The quality index reached a superior level in W3F2 treatment. The results of principal component analysis and grey correlation analysis showed that the optimal water and fertilizer dosage was W3F2 (irrigation 750 mm, fertilization 750 kg ha−1), of which N (300 kg ha−1)-P2O5 (150 kg ha−1)-K2O (300 kg ha−1), and multiple regression analysis was employed to determine the optimal range of water and fertilizer use is the following: Irrigation volume 725–825 mm and fertilization amount 684–889 kg ha−1, of which N (273.6–355.6 kg ha−1) - P2O5 (136.8–177.8 kg ha−1) - K2O (273.6–355.6 kg ha−1). The research results can provide a scientific basis for the water and fertilizer management and drip irrigation technology of drip irrigation in seedless white grape fields in extremely arid areas and it is of great significance for the efficient use of regional water and fertilizer resources and the realization of sustainable socio-economic development in the region.

scholarly journals Optimum Crop Planning for Better Resource use Efficiency, Sustainability and Maximizing Farm Net Income in Assam

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rinumoni Buragohin ◽  
P P Bora ◽  
J P Hazarika ◽  
Nivedita Deka
Keyword(s):  
Resource Use ◽  
The State ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Resource Use Efficiency ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Crop Planning ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Almost All

In Assam, most of the crops are grown with productivity that is lower than the potential yield. Potential utilization of irrigation is not much encouraging in the state. Besides, most of the farmers are marginal and small farmers leading to low mechanization in Assam agriculture. Therefore, a proper crop planning is needed that would help the farmers to select crops for mechanization under assured irrigation that will give them higher profit. The study has been under taken with the objective to develop optimum crop planing for better resource use efficiency, sustainability and maximizing farm net income across production environments by using linear programming (LP) through GAMS (General Algebraic Modeling System). The resulted optimum crop model showed that, the areas under almost all the major crops grown in Assam have the scope to be increased under the land constraint of the state both in existing and improved irrigated situation and to contribute more in farm income. From the result of the study, it can be concluded that, besides rice, crops like maize, sugarcane, jute, mustard, pea and vegetables like tomato, brinjal, cauliflower, chilies etc can be seen as potential crops in a profitable crop plan for the state.

Evaluation of castorbean samples by economically - valuable traits

2018 ◽  
pp. 39-48
Keyword(s):  
Ricinoleic Acid ◽  
Castor Bean ◽  
Castor Oil ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Ricinolic Acid

Castor oil (Ricinus communus L.) is an important commercial product. The climatic conditions of Ukraine determine the possibility of growing the castor as an annual crop. At the Institute of Oilseeds NAAS studied castor collection. The aim of the work was the selection of the most promising samples of castor oil, combining a large yield potential in a narrow range of vertical distribution for optimal technological parameters of mechanical harvesting with a high content of oil in seeds and ricinolic acid in oil. In the experience of 2015-2016, the manifestation of morphological features of 17 castor bean samples was studied. The height of plants, individual samples among themselves differed more than twice. Long-brush samples of ЕР118, К374, М203, К159 are distinguished on the basis of the length of the brush. The shortest brush was observed in sample K1008. The length of the productive brush in the studied samples is from 10.7 to 32.9 cm. Most castor bean samples under favorable conditions form brushes of the second and higher orders. According to this parameter, samples of Ep118 and selection No. 38 with four inflorescences of the second order are of the greatest interest. The largest brushes of the second order are similar in size to the brushes of the first order were observed in the samples: К1127, К810, К153. The adaptability of harvesting castor beads requires that the brushes of the first and second order coincide in height with each other, since the harvester can take a maximum of 60 cm. For the sum of the productive brushes of the first and second orders, the greatest potential yield will be provided by samples K159 and K1127. Among the studied collection stands out the small seed sample K159 and the large seed samples - PRL41 and K80. The average oil content in the seeds of the collection was from 52 to 61.4%. Sample38 had the highest oil content. The content of ricinolic acid in the collection was from 70.9 to 82.9%. Samples were isolated: К134, К1008, PRL41, К430 with the content of ricinoleic acid more than 80%. The results of the study of all parameters make it possible to isolate valuable technological samples. Sample K1064 with a high technological potential of productivity, with a seed oil content of 57.2%, has a not very high content of ricinoleic acid of 74.3%. Sample K1127 with an oil content of 58.6%, a mass of 1000 seeds of 265 g, a high potential of productive brushes has a wide variation in the arrangement of brushes. Sample K134 with a oil content of 57.1%, ricinoleic acid content of 80.7% has small second-order brushes and can be used as a single-cysts in a thicker seeding.

Evaluation of Finger Millet Varieties under Rainfed Condition of Eastern India

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. K. Singh ◽  
VINOD KUMAR ◽  
SHAMBHU PRASAD
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Finger Millet ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Growing Degree Days ◽  
Eastern India ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Rainfed Condition ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Humid Environment ◽  
Use Efficiency

A field experiment was carried out during the kharif of 2014 and 2015 to evaluate the yield potential, economics and thermal utilization in eleven finger millet varieties under the rainfed condition of the sub-humid environment of South Bihar of Eastern India. Results revealed that the significantly higher grain yield (20.41 q ha-1), net returns (Rs 25301) and B: C ratio (1.51) was with the finger millet variety ‘GPU 67’ but was being at par to ‘GPU28’and ‘RAU-8’, and significantly superior over remaining varieties. The highest heat units (1535.1oC day), helio-thermal units (7519.7oC day hours), phenothermal index (19.4 oC days day-1) were recorded with variety ‘GPU 67’ followed by ‘RAU 8’ and ‘GPU 28’ and lowest in ‘VL 149’ at 50 % anthesis stage. Similarly, the highest growing degree days (2100 oC day), helio-thermal units (11035.8 oC day hours) were noted with ‘GPU 67’ followed by ‘RAU 8’ and ‘GPU 28’ at maturity. The highest heat use efficiency (0.97 kg ha-1 oC day) and helio-thermal use efficiency (0.19 kg ha-1 oC day hour) were in ‘GPU 67’ followed by ‘VL 315’.

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