Influence of sulfentrazone and metribuzin applied preemergence on soybean development and yield

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Nikola Arsenijevic ◽  
Matheus de Avellar ◽  
Liberty Butts ◽  
Nicholas John Arneson ◽  
Rodrigo Werle
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Protoporphyrinogen Oxidase ◽  
Early Season ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Crop Injury ◽  
Agronomic Management ◽  
Plant Stand ◽  
Adverse Environmental Conditions ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The use of photosystem II (PSII)-inhibitor and/or protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO)-inhibitor PRE herbicides in soybean may, under adverse environmental conditions, result in early season crop injury. A field study was conducted near Brule and North Platte, Nebraska, during the 2016 and 2017 growing seasons with the objective to evaluate the impact of PRE herbicides metribuzin (PSII-inhibitor) and sulfentrazone (PPO-inhibitor) on early season soybean development, final plant stand, and yield using 22 soybean varieties adapted to southwestern Nebraska. Herbicide treatments consisted of metribuzin (560 g ai ha−1) and sulfentrazone (280 g ai ha−1) applied within 3 d after planting and a nontreated control (NTC). Sulfentrazone reduced green canopy vegetation at the V2 growth stage by 22% and final plant stand at physiological maturity by 10% compared with the NTC. The number of pods per plant was 16% higher for sulfentrazone and the number of seeds per plant was 15% and 4% higher for sulfentrazone and metribuzin compared with the NTC, respectively. Sulfentrazone and metribuzin resulted in a slightly higher yield (3%) compared with the NTC, thus no yield reduction from PRE herbicides was observed in this study. These results support other findings that sulfentrazone and metribuzin have potential to cause early-season crop injury; however, when applied according to their label recommendations and following regional agronomic management practices, this impact may not translate into soybean yield reduction while such herbicides provide effective soil residual weed control.

scholarly journals Response of Sesame to Selected Herbicides Applied Early in the Growing Season

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. James Grichar ◽  
Jack J. Rose ◽  
Peter A. Dotray ◽  
Todd A. Baughman ◽  
D. Ray Langham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
No Reduction ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Early Season ◽  
Application Timing ◽  
Late Season ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Leaf Chlorosis ◽  
Untreated Check ◽  
Dinitroaniline Herbicides

Growth chamber experiments were conducted to evaluate the response of sesame to PRE and POST applications of soil residual herbicides. PRE applications of acetochlor andS-metolachlor at 1.26 and 1.43 kg ai·ha−1showed little or no sesame injury (0 to 1%) 4 wks after herbicide treatments (WAT). POST treatments of acetochlor and trifluralin made 3 wks after planting (WAP) resulted in greater sesame injury (40%) compared to applications at bloom (18%). Field studies were conducted in Texas and Oklahoma during the 2014 and 2015 growing seasons to determine sesame response to clethodim, diuron, fluometuron, ethalfluralin, quizalofop-P, pendimethalin, pyroxasulfone, trifluralin, and trifloxysulfuron-sodium applied 2, 3, or 4 weeks after planting (WAP). Late-season sesame injury with the dinitroaniline herbicides consisted of a proliferation of primary branching at the upper nodes of the sesame plant (in the shape/form of a broom). Ethalfluralin and trifluralin caused more “brooming” effect than pendimethalin. Some yield reductions were noted with the dinitroaniline herbicides. Trifloxysulfuron-sodium caused the greatest injury (up to 97%) and resulted in yield reductions from the untreated check. Early-season diuron injury (leaf chlorosis and necrosis) decreased as application timing was delayed, and late-season injury was virtually nonexistent with only slight chlorosis (<4%) still apparent on the lower leaves. Sesame yield was not consistently affected by the diuron treatments. Fluometuron caused early-season injury (stunting/chlorosis), and a reduction of yield was observed at one location. Pyroxasulfone applied 2 WAP caused up to 25% sesame injury (stunting) but did not result in a yield reduction. Quizalofop-P caused slight injury (<5%) and no reduction in yield.

Effects of white clover cultivars on biomass and yield in oat/clover intercrops

2002 ◽  
Vol 138 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. D. THORSTED ◽  
J. E. OLESEN ◽  
N. KOEFOED
Keyword(s):  
White Clover ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Agronomic Management ◽  
Spring Cereals ◽  
Grain Nitrogen ◽  
The Impact

Intercropping of spring cereals in a permanent stand of white clover (Trifolium repens L.) is a novel, low input cropping system, and little is known about the agronomic management of this system. An experiment was conducted over two growing seasons in 1998 and 1999 to determine the impact of a white clover intercrop on spring oat (Avena sativa L.) growth and grain yield at three different seeding rates of oat, and also to determine the effect of the three different white clover cultivars (cv. Aran, cv. S184 and cv. Milo), on weed pressure and growth of the oat crop. The clover cultivars differed in stolon morphology and leaf size. Oat in monoculture was included for comparison. The white clover intercrops did not reduce the weed pressure compared with oat in monoculture. Oat grain nitrogen concentration and content was raised in the intercropped oats. Grain yields in an intercrop were similar to those in a monoculture. Oat seeding densities did not affect grain yields. The oat grain yields in 1998 were significantly higher with S184 as intercrop. In 1999 it was directly opposite, grain yields were significantly lower with S184 as intercrop.

scholarly journals Wheat Yield Responses to Rising Temperature: Insights from North Indian Plains of India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Kuriachen ◽  
Asha Devi ◽  
Anu Susan Sam ◽  
Suresh Kumar ◽  
Jyoti Kumari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Annual Increment ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Climate change and consequent variations in temperature pose a significant challenge for sustaining wheat production systems globally. In this study, the potential impact of rising temperature on wheat yield in the north Indian plains, India's major wheat growing region, was analyzed using panel data from the year 1981 to 2009. This study deviates from the majority of the previous studies by including non-climatic factors in estimating the impact of climate change. Two temperature measures were used for fitting the function, viz., Growing Season Temperature (GST) and Terminal Stage Temperature (TST), to find out the differential impact of increased temperature at various growth stages. Analysis revealed that there was a significant rise in both GST as well as TST during the study period. The magnitude of the annual increment in TST was twice that of GST. Wheat yield growth in the region was driven primarily by increased input resources such as fertilizer application and technological development like improved varieties and management practices. Most importantly, the study found that the extent of yield reduction was more significant for an increase in temperature at terminal crop growth stages. The yield reduction due to unit increase in TST was estimated to be 2.26 % while rise in GST by 1◦C resulted in yield reduction of 2.03%.

scholarly journals 647 Aerial Mapping of Grapes for Analysis of Environmental Stress and Blackleaf Patterns

HortScience ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 559C-559
Author(s):  
N.S. Lang ◽  
R. Smithyman ◽  
L. Mills ◽  
R.L. Wample ◽  
J. Silbernagel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Spectral Characteristics ◽  
Spatial Location ◽  
Remotely Sensed ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Early Season

Blackleaf (a.k.a. chocolate leaf) is of worldwide concern in Vitis due to its negative impact on fruit ripening, yield reduction and overall stress on grapevines. Research suggests blackleaf is induced by high levels of UV radiation and overall light intensity, which induce color changes (purple-brown-black) in exposed leaves, resulting in >50% reduction in photosynthesis. The ability to detect blackleaf symptoms before expression can provide insight into metabolic stresses and the possibility of the use and/or timing of management practices to reduce its impact. Remotely sensed imagery and spatial analysis may elucidate reflectance-related processes and symptoms not apparent to the un-aided eye. In this research we mapped canopy growth (leaves/shoot and shoots/vine), metabolic triggers (photosynthesis, leaf water potential, soil moisture), and percent blackleaf expression within vineyards using global positioning system (GPS), infrared gas analyzer, and digital remotely-sensed images. Each image and data record was stored as an attribute associated with specific vine location within a geographical information system (GIS). Spatial maps were created from the GIS coverages to graphically present the progression of blackleaf across vineyards throughout the season. Analysis included summary statistics such as minimum, maximum, and variation of green reflectance, within a vineyard by image capture date. Additionally, geostatistics were used to model the degree of similarity between blackleaf values as a function of their spatial location. Continuing research will be aimed at identifying spectral characteristics of early season stresses due to UV light, water stress, and reduced photosynthetic capacity. Spatial relationships between early season stress and later blackleaf expression will be assessed using joint spatial dependence measures. Overall, information obtained through digital image and spatial analysis will supplement site level information for growers.

Swamp Dodder (Cuscuta gronovii) Management in Carrot Production

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 408-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher M. Konieczka ◽  
Jed B. Colquhoun ◽  
Richard A. Rittmeyer
Keyword(s):  
Field Research ◽  
Infection Level ◽  
Early Season ◽  
Industry Standard ◽  
Crop Injury ◽  
Cuscuta Gronovii ◽  
The Impact

Field research was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of herbicides and carrot mowing for swamp dodder control. Herbicide evaluation indicated the highest carrot yield and lowest crop injury with pendimethalin compared to the industry standard linuron. Swamp dodder control with pendimethalin was greater than 80% at 56 and 70 d after planting (DAP). Other herbicides controlled swamp dodder, but crop injury was unacceptable. Carrot yield was greater where pendimethalin ors-metolachlor was applied compared to all other herbicides. Carrot mowing once 72, 86, or 100 DAP and mowing twice (72 plus 100 DAP) reduced the percentage of carrots infected with swamp dodder. Carrot infection level was least when mowed 100 DAP, and mowing did not increase yield compared to the non-treated check. These results suggest that the integration of pendimethalin for early-season swamp dodder control, followed by mowing 100 DAP, could reduce the impact of swamp dodder on carrots.

scholarly journals Exogenous Gibberellic Acid Advances Reproductive Phenology and Increases Early-Season Yield in Subtropical Blackberry Production

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1317
Author(s):  
Syuan-You Lin ◽  
Shinsuke Agehara
Keyword(s):  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Reproductive Phenology ◽  
Dormancy Breaking ◽  
Early Season ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Winter Chill ◽  
Solids Concentration ◽  
The Impact

Inadequate winter chill causes poor and erratic budbreak in blackberry (Rubus L. subgenus Rubus Watson), limiting the commercial production in subtropical climates. We examined the effects of exogenous gibberellic acid (GA3) on the reproductive phenology, fruit number, yield, and fruit quality of three blackberry cultivars (‘Natchez’, ‘Navaho’, and ‘Ouachita’) grown under subtropical climatic conditions in two consecutive growing seasons. A single spray application of GA3 at 0 or 49 g·ha−1 was performed when plants were dormant in late December to late January. Exogenous GA3 advanced the onset of budbreak by 12 to 82 days, flowering by four to 20 days, and fruit ripening by 0 to 15 days. When pooling across the cultivars, it also increased early-season yield by 83% to 276% in two consecutive growing seasons and total-season yield by 60% in the second growing season. Among the cultivars, the yield responses to GA3 were most consistent in ‘Ouachita’, with early-season yield increasing by up to 499%. The average berry weight and soluble solids concentration were slightly reduced by GA3, but these reductions were not consistent in the two growing seasons and the impact on overall fruit marketability was small. These results suggest that exogenous GA3 is an effective bud dormancy breaking compound for blackberry, and it could be an important adaptation tool for subtropical blackberry production.

scholarly journals Evaluation of a Manual Energy Curtain for Tomato Production in High Tunnels

2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 467-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.J. Both ◽  
E. Reiss ◽  
J.F. Sudal ◽  
K.E. Holmstrom ◽  
C.A. Wyenandt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Jersey ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Early Season ◽  
High Tunnel ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Soil Temperatures ◽  
The Impact

The impact of a manually operated energy curtain on the recorded nighttime inside air and soil temperatures, relative humidity (RH), and daily light integrals during early-season high tunnel tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) production in central and southern New Jersey were examined. Environmental data (air and soil temperatures, RH, and photosynthetically active radiation) were collected from late March through mid-May at two New Jersey locations for the 2004 and 2005 growing seasons. The continued impact of the early use of an energy curtain was further evaluated by collecting light, temperature, and marketable fruit yield data for the remainder of both growing seasons for one of the two experimental sites. Results showed that although the use of the curtain modestly increased early season nighttime inside air and soil temperatures and RH, the curtain reduced accumulated light integral during the first 7 weeks after transplanting and resulted in a marginal early yield increase. The main benefit of the energy curtain occurred on cold nights when an early season crop might otherwise be exposed to potentially damaging low temperatures.

scholarly journals Irrigation Differentially Impacts Populations of Indigenous Antibiotic-Producing Pseudomonas spp. in the Rhizosphere of Wheat

2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (9) ◽  
pp. 3214-3220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga V. Mavrodi ◽  
Dmitri V. Mavrodi ◽  
James A. Parejko ◽  
Linda S. Thomashow ◽  
David M. Weller
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Indigenous Populations ◽  
Plant Colonization ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Native Plant Species ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Population Sizes ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTThis work determined the impact of irrigation on the seasonal dynamics of populations ofPseudomonasspp. producing the antibiotics phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (Phz+) and 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol (Phl+) in the rhizosphere of wheat grown in the low-precipitation zone (150 to 300 mm annually) of the Columbia Plateau of the Inland Pacific Northwest. Population sizes and plant colonization frequencies of Phz+and Phl+Pseudomonasspp. were determined in winter and spring wheat collected during the growing seasons from 2008 to 2009 from selected commercial dryland and irrigated fields in central Washington State. Only Phz+bacteria were detected on dryland winter wheat, with populations ranging from 4.8 to 6.3 log CFU g−1of root and rhizosphere colonization frequencies of 67 to 100%. The ranges of population densities of Phl+and Phz+Pseudomonasspp. recovered from wheat grown under irrigation were similar, but 58 to 100% of root systems were colonized by Phl+bacteria whereas only 8 to 50% of plants harbored Phz+bacteria. In addition, Phz+Pseudomonasspp. were abundant in the rhizosphere of native plant species growing in nonirrigated areas adjacent to the sampled dryland wheat fields. This is the first report that documents the impact of irrigation on indigenous populations of two closely related groups of antibiotic-producing pseudomonads that coinhabit the rhizosphere of an economically important cereal crop. These results demonstrate how crop management practices can influence indigenous populations of antibiotic-producing pseudomonads with the capacity to suppress soilborne diseases of wheat.

Soybean (Glycine max) cultivar tolerance to saflufenacil

2012 ◽  
Vol 92 (7) ◽  
pp. 1319-1328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert T. Miller ◽  
Nader Soltani ◽  
Darren E. Robinson ◽  
Trevor E. Kraus ◽  
Peter H. Sikkema
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
The Other ◽  
Soybean Cultivar ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Early Season ◽  
Soybean Cultivars ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Adverse Environmental Conditions

Miller, R. T., Soltani, N., Robinson, D. E., Kraus, T. E. and Sikkema, P. H. 2012. Soybean (Glycine max) cultivar tolerance to saflufenacil. Can. J. Plant Sci. 92: 1319–1328. Six field studies were conducted over a 2-yr period (2009 and 2010) at three Ontario locations to determine the sensitivity of 12 glyphosate-resistant soybean cultivars to saflufenacil applied preemergence (PRE). The level of crop injury was dependent on environmental conditions shortly after application. When soybean emergence was delayed due to cool, wet conditions following planting, 52 and 59 g a.i. ha−1 of saflufenacil resulted in 10% injury 1 wk after emergence (WAE) in cultivars OAC Hanover and RCAT Matrix, respectively. In the other environments, greater than 200 g a.i. ha−1 of saflufenacil was required to induce the same level of injury at 1 WAE. Injury decreased with time; however, the more sensitive soybean cultivars were unable to recover from early-season injury sustained under adverse environmental conditions. A hydroponic bioassay was developed to screen differences in soybean tolerance to saflufenacil. OAC Hanover was more sensitive than all the other cultivars in both field and hydroponic testing (P<0.05). OAC Hanover yield was reduced regardless of environmental conditions. Under cool, wet conditions, 22 g a.i. ha−1 of saflufenacil resulted in a 10% yield reduction, while 46 g a.i. ha−1 was needed under warm dry conditions. All other cultivars required between 82 and 146 g a.i. ha−1 to obtain the same level of yield reduction. This research demonstrates that there is a difference in soybean cultivar sensitivity to saflufenacil applied PRE.

The Impact of Shariah Governance and Corporate Governance on the Risk Management Practices: Evidence from Local and Foreign Islamic Banks in Malaysia

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Sabri Embi ◽  
Zurina Shafii
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
T Test ◽  
The Body ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Islamic Banks ◽  
Shariah Governance ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of Shariah governance and corporate governance (CG) on the risk management practices (RMPs) of local Islamic banks and foreign Islamic banks operating in Malaysia. The Shariah governance comprises the Shariah review (SR) and Shariah audit (SA) variables. The study also evaluates the level of RMPs, CG, SR, and SA between these two type of banks. With the aid of SPSS version 20, the items for RMPs, CG, SR, and SA were subjected to principal component analysis (PCA). From the PCA, one component or factor was extracted each for the CG, SR, and RMPs while another two factors were extracted for the SA. Primary data was collected using a self-administered survey questionnaire. The questionnaire covers four aspects ; CG, SR, SA, and RMPs. The data received from the 300 usable questionnaires were subjected to correlation and regression analyses as well as an independent t-test. The result of correlation analysis shows that all the four variables have large positive correlations with each other indicating a strong and significant relationship between them. From the regression analysis undertaken, CG, SR, and SA together explained 52.3 percent of the RMPs and CG emerged as the most influential variable that impacts the RMPs. The independent t-test carried out shows that there were significant differences in the CG and SA between the local and foreign Islamic banks. However, there were no significant differences between the two types of the bank in relation to SR and RMPs. The study has contributed to the body of knowledge and is beneficial to academicians, industry players, regulators, and other stakeholders.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document