Carbon Capture and Utilization Technology without Carbon Dioxide Purification and Pressurization: A Review on Its Necessity and Available Technologies

Carbon capture and utilization (CCU) is the process of capturing unwanted carbon dioxide (CO2) and utilizing for further use. CCU offers significant potential as part of a sustainable circular economy solution to help mitigate the impact of climate change resulting from the burning of hydrocarbons and alongside adoption of other renewable energy technologies. However, implementation of CCU technologies faces a number of challenges, including identifying optimal pathways, technology maturity, economic viability, environmental considerations as well as regulatory and public perception issues. Consequently, this research study provides a critical analysis and evaluation of the technology pathways for CCU in order to explore the potential from a circular economy perspective of this emerging area of clean technology. This includes a bibliographic study on CCU, evaluation of carbon utilization processes, trend estimation of CO2 usage as well as evaluation of methane and methanol production. A value chain analysis is provided to support the development of CCU technologies. The research study aims to inform policy-makers engaged in developing strategies to mitigate climate change through reduced carbon dioxide emission levels and improve our understanding of the circular economy considerations of CCU in regard to production of alternative products. The study will also be of use to researchers concerned with pursuing empirical investigations of this important area of sustainability.

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Emissions From Oxy-Combustion of Raw and Torrefied Biomass

Journal of Energy Resources Technology ◽

10.1115/1.4047330 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 142 (12) ◽

Author(s):

Xiaoxiao Meng ◽

Emad Rokni ◽

Wei Zhou ◽

Hongliang Qi ◽

Rui Sun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Global Warming ◽

Co2 Emissions ◽

Carbon Capture ◽

Gas Composition ◽

Waste Biomass ◽

So2 Emissions ◽

Carbon Capture And Utilization ◽

Opposite Trend ◽

Torrefied Biomass

Abstract This work assesses the evolution of acid gases from raw and torrefied biomass (distiller’s dried grains with solubles and rice husk) combustion in conventional (air) and simulated oxy-combustion (oxygen/carbon dioxide) environments. Emphasis was placed on the latter, as oxy-combustion of renewable or waste biomass, coupled with carbon capture and utilization or sequestration, could be a benefit toward mitigating global warming. The oxy-combustion environments were set to 21%O2/79%CO2 and 30%O2/70%CO2. Results revealed that combustion of either raw or torrefied biomass generated CO2 emissions that were lower in 21%O2/79%CO2 than at 30%O2/70%CO2, whereas CO emissions exhibited the opposite trend. Emissions of CO from combustion in air were drastically lower than those in the two oxy-combustion environments and those in 21%O2/79%CO2 were the highest. Emissions of NO followed the same trend as those of CO2, while HCN emissions followed the same trend as those of CO. Emissions of NO were higher than those of HCN. The emissions of SO2 were lower in oxy-combustion than in air combustion. Moreover, combustion of torrefied biomass generated higher CO2 and NO, comparable CO and SO2, and lower HCN emissions than combustion of raw biomass. Out of the three conditions tested in this study, oxy-combustion of biomass, either in the raw and torrefied state, attained the highest combustion effectiveness and caused the lowest CO, HCN, and SO2 emissions when the gas composition was 30%O2/70%CO2.

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Photochemical Reduction of Carbon Dioxide to Formic Acid

Green Chemistry ◽

10.1039/d0gc04040a ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shoubhik Das ◽

Robin Cauwenbergh

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Green Chemistry ◽

Formic Acid ◽

Carbon Capture ◽

Carbon Capture And Storage ◽

Photochemical Reduction ◽

The Past ◽

Carbon Capture And Utilization ◽

And Storage

With the growing awareness of green chemistry, carbon capture and utilization (CCU) has got tremendous attention compared to the carbon capture and storage (CCS). Over the past decades, the development...

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Carbon dioxide utilization in concrete curing or mixing might not produce a net climate benefit

Nature Communications ◽

10.1038/s41467-021-21148-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Dwarakanath Ravikumar ◽

Duo Zhang ◽

Gregory Keoleian ◽

Shelie Miller ◽

Volker Sick ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Compressive Strength ◽

Carbon Capture ◽

Conventional Concrete ◽

Carbon Capture And Utilization ◽

Production Processes ◽

Carbon Dioxide Utilization ◽

Concrete Production

AbstractCarbon capture and utilization for concrete production (CCU concrete) is estimated to sequester 0.1 to 1.4 gigatons of carbon dioxide (CO2) by 2050. However, existing estimates do not account for the CO2 impact from the capture, transport and utilization of CO2, change in compressive strength in CCU concrete and uncertainty and variability in CCU concrete production processes. By accounting for these factors, we determine the net CO2 benefit when CCU concrete produced from CO2 curing and mixing substitutes for conventional concrete. The results demonstrate a higher likelihood of the net CO2 benefit of CCU concrete being negative i.e. there is a net increase in CO2 in 56 to 68 of 99 published experimental datasets depending on the CO2 source. Ensuring an increase in compressive strength from CO2 curing and mixing and decreasing the electricity used in CO2 curing are promising strategies to increase the net CO2 benefit from CCU concrete.

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CO2 Reduction to Propanol by Copper Foams: A Pre- and Post-Catalysis Study

10.26434/chemrxiv.12022623.v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Jennifer A. Rudd ◽

Ewa Kazimierska ◽

Louise B. Hamdy ◽

Odin Bain ◽

Sunyhik Ahn ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽

Carbon Capture ◽

Surface Composition ◽

Co2 Reduction ◽

Structural Rearrangement ◽

Copper Electrode ◽

Ex Situ ◽

X Ray ◽

Copper Electrodes

The utilization of carbon dioxide is a major incentive for the growing field of carbon capture. Carbon dioxide could be an abundant building block to generate higher value products. Herein, we describe the use of porous copper electrodes to catalyze the reduction of carbon dioxide into higher value products such as ethylene, ethanol and, notably, propanol. For n-propanol production, faradaic efficiencies reach 4.93% at -0.83 V vs RHE, with a geometric partial current density of -1.85 mA/cm2. We have documented the performance of the catalyst in both pristine and urea-modified foams pre- and post-electrolysis. Before electrolysis, the copper electrode consisted of a mixture of cuboctahedra and dendrites. After 35-minute electrolysis, the cuboctahedra and dendrites have undergone structural rearrangement. Changes in the interaction of urea with the catalyst surface have also been observed. These transformations were characterized ex-situ using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. We found that alterations in the morphology, crystallinity, and surface composition of the catalyst led to the deactivation of the copper foams.

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Current and Future Perspectives on Catalytic-based Integrated Carbon Capture and Utilization

The Science of The Total Environment ◽

10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148081 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 148081

Author(s):

Muhammad Ashraf Sabri ◽

Samar Al Jitan ◽

Daniel Bahamon ◽

Lourdes F. Vega ◽

Giovanni Palmisano

Keyword(s):

Carbon Capture ◽

Future Perspectives ◽

Carbon Capture And Utilization

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Investigation into the Re-Arrangement of Copper Foams Pre- and Post-CO2 Electrocatalysis

Chemistry ◽

10.3390/chemistry3030048 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 687-703

Author(s):

Jennifer A. Rudd ◽

Sandra Hernandez-Aldave ◽

Ewa Kazimierska ◽

Louise B. Hamdy ◽

Odin J. E. Bain ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Crystal Structure ◽

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Carbon Capture ◽

Surface Composition ◽

Structural Rearrangement ◽

Copper Electrode ◽

Copper Electrodes ◽

Porous Copper ◽

Chemical Products ◽

Co2 Electrolysis

The utilization of carbon dioxide is a major incentive for the growing field of carbon capture. Carbon dioxide could be an abundant building block to generate higher-value chemical products. Herein, we fabricated a porous copper electrode capable of catalyzing the reduction of carbon dioxide into higher-value products, such as ethylene, ethanol and propanol. We investigated the formation of the foams under different conditions, not only analyzing their morphological and crystal structure, but also documenting their performance as a catalyst. In particular, we studied the response of the foams to CO2 electrolysis, including the effect of urea as a potential additive to enhance CO2 catalysis. Before electrolysis, the pristine and urea-modified foam copper electrodes consisted of a mixture of cuboctahedra and dendrites. After 35 min of electrolysis, the cuboctahedra and dendrites underwent structural rearrangement affecting catalysis performance. We found that alterations in the morphology, crystallinity and surface composition of the catalyst were conducive to the deactivation of the copper foams.

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H2-CO2 polymer electrolyte fuel cell that generates power while evolving CH4 at the Pt0.8Ru0.2/C cathode

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-87841-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Shofu Matsuda ◽

Yuuki Niitsuma ◽

Yuta Yoshida ◽

Minoru Umeda

Keyword(s):

Fuel Cell ◽

Electric Power ◽

Polymer Electrolyte ◽

Carbon Capture ◽

Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell ◽

Cell Temperature ◽

Faradaic Efficiency ◽

Carbon Capture And Utilization ◽

Electrode Potentials ◽

A Cell

AbstractGenerating electric power using CO2 as a reactant is challenging because the electroreduction of CO2 usually requires a large overpotential. Herein, we report the design and development of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell driven by feeding H2 and CO2 to the anode (Pt/C) and cathode (Pt0.8Ru0.2/C), respectively, based on their theoretical electrode potentials. Pt–Ru/C is a promising electrocatalysts for CO2 reduction at a low overpotential; consequently, CH4 is continuously produced through CO2 reduction with an enhanced faradaic efficiency (18.2%) and without an overpotential (at 0.20 V vs. RHE) was achieved when dilute CO2 is fed at a cell temperature of 40 °C. Significantly, the cell generated electric power (0.14 mW cm−2) while simultaneously yielding CH4 at 86.3 μmol g−1 h−1. These results show that a H2-CO2 fuel cell is a promising technology for promoting the carbon capture and utilization (CCU) strategy.

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Mineral carbonation process of carbon dioxide using animal bone

Science Progress ◽

10.1177/00368504211019644 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 104 (2) ◽

pp. 003685042110196

Author(s):

Brendon Mpofu ◽

Hembe E Mukaya ◽

Diakanua B Nkazi

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Carbon Capture ◽

Carbon Capture And Storage ◽

Economic Feasibility ◽

Mineral Carbonation ◽

Agitation Rate ◽

Carbonation Reaction ◽

Carbonation Process ◽

The Cost ◽

Cow Bone

Carbon dioxide has been identified as one of the greenhouse gases responsible for global warming. Several carbon capture and storage technologies have been developed to mitigate the large quantities of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere, but these are quite expensive and not easy to implement. Thus, this research analyses the technical and economic feasibility of using calcium leached from cow bone to capture and store carbon dioxide through the mineral carbonation process. The capturing process of carbon dioxide was successful using the proposed technique of leaching calcium from cow shinbone (the tibia) in the presence of HCl by reacting the calcium solution with gaseous carbon dioxide. AAS and XRF analysis were used to determine the concentration of calcium in leached solutions and the composition of calcium in cow bone respectively. The best leaching conditions were found to be 4 mole/L HCl and leaching time of 6 h. Under these conditions, a leaching efficiency of 91% and a calcium conversion of 83% in the carbonation reaction were obtained. Other factors such as carbonation time, agitation rate, and carbonation reaction temperature had little effect on the yield. A preliminary cost analysis showed that the cost to capture 1 ton of CO2 with the proposed technique is about US$ 268.32, which is in the acceptable range of the capturing process. However, the cost of material used and electricity should be reviewed to reduce the preliminary production cost.

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Carbon Capture Performance of Amino-Modified MIL-101 at Room Temperature

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.395-396.637 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 395-396 ◽

pp. 637-640

Author(s):

Yi Yang ◽

Zheng Ping Wang ◽

Ling Meng ◽

Lian Jun Wang

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Specific Surface ◽

Pore Structure ◽

Carbon Capture ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Ambient Pressure ◽

Metal Organic Framework ◽

Adsorption Properties ◽

Carbon Dioxide Adsorption ◽

Before And After

MIL-101, a metal-organic framework material, was synthesized by the high-temperature hydrothermal method. Triethylenetetramine (TETA) modification enabled the effective grafting of an amino group onto the surface of the materials and their pore structure. The crystal structure, micromorphology, specific surface area, and pore structure of the samples before and after modification were analyzed with an X-ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscope, specific surface and aperture tester, and infrared spectrometer. The carbon dioxide adsorption properties of the samples were determined by a thermal analyzer before and after TETA modification. Results show that moderate amino modification can effectively improve the microporous structure of MIL-101 and its carbon dioxide adsorption properties. After modification, the capacity of MIL-101 to adsorb carbon dioxide decreased only by 0.61 wt%, and a high adsorption capacity of 9.45 wt% was maintained after six cycles of adsorption testing at room temperature and ambient pressure.

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