Subjective Time Preference and Willingness to Pay for an Energy-Saving Durable Good

2001 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 133-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerrit Antonides ◽  
Sophia R. Wunderink
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Subjective Time ◽  
Durable Good ◽  
Discount Function ◽  
Hyperbolic Discount ◽  
The One ◽  
Two Parameter ◽  
Difference Effect ◽  
Better Than

Summary: Different shapes of individual subjective discount functions were compared using real measures of willingness to accept future monetary outcomes in an experiment. The two-parameter hyperbolic discount function described the data better than three alternative one-parameter discount functions. However, the hyperbolic discount functions did not explain the common difference effect better than the classical discount function. Discount functions were also estimated from survey data of Dutch households who reported their willingness to postpone positive and negative amounts. Future positive amounts were discounted more than future negative amounts and smaller amounts were discounted more than larger amounts. Furthermore, younger people discounted more than older people. Finally, discount functions were used in explaining consumers' willingness to pay for an energy-saving durable good. In this case, the two-parameter discount model could not be estimated and the one-parameter models did not differ significantly in explaining the data.

scholarly journals Analysis of an Electrical Circuit Using Two-Parameter Conformable Operator in the Caputo Sense

Symmetry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 771
Author(s):  
Ewa Piotrowska ◽  
Łukasz Sajewski
Keyword(s):  
Classical Method ◽  
Error Function ◽  
Electrical Circuit ◽  
Constant Voltage ◽  
Conformable Derivative ◽  
The One ◽  
Voltage Dynamics ◽  
Theoretical Considerations ◽  
Two Parameter ◽  
Better Than

The problem of voltage dynamics description in a circuit containing resistors, and at least two fractional order elements such as supercapacitors, supplied with constant voltage is addressed. A new operator called Conformable Derivative in the Caputo sense is used. A state solution is proposed. The considered operator is a generalization of three derivative definitions: classical definition (integer order), Caputo fractional definition and the so-called Conformable Derivative (CFD) definition. The proposed solution based on a two-parameter Conformable Derivative in the Caputo sense is proven to be better than the classical approach or the one-parameter fractional definition. Theoretical considerations are verified experimentally. The cumulated matching error function is given and it reveals that the proposed CFD–Caputo method generates an almost two times lower error compared to the classical method.

scholarly journals Induction motors with YY/D connection change for efficiency and power factor increasing at partial loads

2006 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miloje Kostic ◽  
Jovan Radakovic
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Power Factor ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Induction Motors ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
The One ◽  
Partial Loads ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Better Than

It is established that there exists a significant possibility for energy savings, on the basis of application of induction motors with YY/D connection change proposed in this paper, especially for power to 30 kW. In connection D (0.866Un), total losses and reactive loads are reduced to loads up to 75-85%. Benefits of such motors would be significant because more than 80% induction motors are light loaded (mean value ? 70%). In such manner one motor with two characteristics is attained, but that is better than to offer to the market two different motors, because only in exploitation it is possible to accurately select the one which is working with greater efficiency values in given conditions. However, at the motor with YY/D winding it is always possible, by selection of corresponding connection for (mean value) load measured in operation. Even, with connection change it is possible to adjust to load changes in future. Moreover, at loads ? 30%, energy saving by induction motors with YY/D connection is greater than the one using induction motors with thyristor controllers. Induction motors YY/D connection application may be economical in cases where it is not recommended to use higher costs of energy efficiency of motors.

Exploring the Multidimensional Facets of Authoritarianism: Authoritarian Aggression and Social Dominance Orientation

2008 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Passini
Keyword(s):  
Social Dominance ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Social Dominance Orientation ◽  
Model Fit ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
The One ◽  
Better Than

The relation between authoritarianism and social dominance orientation was analyzed, with authoritarianism measured using a three-dimensional scale. The implicit multidimensional structure (authoritarian submission, conventionalism, authoritarian aggression) of Altemeyer’s (1981, 1988) conceptualization of authoritarianism is inconsistent with its one-dimensional methodological operationalization. The dimensionality of authoritarianism was investigated using confirmatory factor analysis in a sample of 713 university students. As hypothesized, the three-factor model fit the data significantly better than the one-factor model. Regression analyses revealed that only authoritarian aggression was related to social dominance orientation. That is, only intolerance of deviance was related to high social dominance, whereas submissiveness was not.

Theoretical accuracy of the last squares method in the isotope dilution analysis

1984 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 805-820
Author(s):  
Ján Klas
Keyword(s):  
Least Squares ◽  
Isotope Dilution ◽  
Least Squares Method ◽  
Isotope Dilution Analysis ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
The One ◽  
Two Parameter ◽  
Theoretical Accuracy

The accuracy of the least squares method in the isotope dilution analysis is studied using two models, viz a model of a two-parameter straight line and a model of a one-parameter straight line.The equations for the direct and the inverse isotope dilution methods are transformed into linear coordinates, and the intercept and slope of the two-parameter straight line and the slope of the one-parameter straight line are evaluated and treated.

Nucleophilicity and its parametrization

1989 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-135
Author(s):  
Oldřich Pytela ◽  
Vítězslav Zima
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Correlation ◽  
Correlation Equation ◽  
Chemical Processes ◽  
General Tendency ◽  
Orbital Interaction ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Two Parameter ◽  
Better Than

The method of conjugate deviations based on the regression analysis has been suggested for construction of a new nucleophilicity scale. This method has been applied to a set of 28 nucleophiles participating in 47 physical and chemical processes described in literature. The two-parameter nucleophilicity scale obtained represents-in the parameter denoted as ND-the general tendency to form a bond to an electrophile predominantly on the basis of the orbital interaction and-in the parameter denoted as PD-the ability to interact with a centre similar to the proton (basicity). The linear correlation equation involving the ND, PD parameters and the charge appears to be distinctly better than the most significant relations used. The correlation dependences have the physico-chemical meaning. From the position of individual nucleophiles in the space of the ND and PD parameters, some general conclusions have been derived about the factors governing the reactivity of nucleophiles.

Designing Women

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Smyth
Keyword(s):  
Working Women ◽  
Costume Design ◽  
Creative Force ◽  
Women's Fashion ◽  
The One ◽  
Studio Era ◽  
Average Woman ◽  
Better Than

During the early 1940s, journalists observed that after years of men controlling women’s fashion, Hollywood had become “a fashion center in which women designers are getting to be a big power.” In a town where “the working girl is queen,” it was women who really knew how to dress working women. Edith Head’s name dominates Hollywood costume design. Though a relatively poor sketch artist who refused to sew in public, Head understood what the average woman wanted to wear and knew better than anyone how to craft her image as the-one-and-only Edith Head. However, she was one of many women who designed Hollywood glamour in the studio era. This chapter juxtaposes Head’s career with that of a younger, fiercely independent designer who would quickly upstage Head as a creative force. In many senses, Dorothy Jeakins’s postwar career ascent indicated the waning of the Hollywood system and the powerful relationship between female designers, stars, and fans.

Development of a Single-Code/Default Coding Strategy in Pigeons

2000 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tricia S. Clement ◽  
Thomas R. Zentall
Keyword(s):  
Conditional Discrimination ◽  
The Other ◽  
Matching Accuracy ◽  
Efficient Coding ◽  
Coding Strategy ◽  
One To One ◽  
Retention Intervals ◽  
The Many ◽  
The One ◽  
Better Than

We tested the hypothesis that pigeons could use a cognitively efficient coding strategy by training them on a conditional discrimination (delayed symbolic matching) in which one alternative was correct following the presentation of one sample (one-to-one), whereas the other alternative was correct following the presentation of any one of four other samples (many-to-one). When retention intervals of different durations were inserted between the offset of the sample and the onset of the choice stimuli, divergent retention functions were found. With increasing retention interval, matching accuracy on trials involving any of the many-to-one samples was increasingly better than matching accuracy on trials involving the one-to-one sample. Furthermore, following this test, pigeons treated a novel sample as if it had been one of the many-to-one samples. The data suggest that rather than learning each of the five sample-comparison associations independently, the pigeons developed a cognitively efficient single-code/default coding strategy.

scholarly journals Numerical Study of Pressure Attenuation Effect on Tunnel Structures Subjected to Blast Loads

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 5646
Author(s):  
Cheng-Wei Hung ◽  
Ying-Kuan Tsai ◽  
Tai-An Chen ◽  
Hsin-Hung Lai ◽  
Pin-Wen Wu
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Orifice Plate ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Pressure Reduction ◽  
Expansion Chamber ◽  
Pressure Relief ◽  
Attenuation Effect ◽  
The One ◽  
Better Than

This study used experimental and numerical simulation methods to discuss the attenuation mechanism of a blast inside a tunnel for different forms of a tunnel pressure reduction module under the condition of a tunnel near-field explosion. In terms of the experiment, a small-scale model was used for the explosion experiments of a tunnel pressure reduction module (expansion chamber, one-pressure relief orifice plate, double-pressure relief orifice plate). In the numerical simulation, the pressure transfer effect was evaluated using the ALE fluid–solid coupling and mapping technique. The findings showed that the pressure attenuation model changed the tunnel section to diffuse, reduce, or detour the pressure transfer, indicating the blast attenuation effect. In terms of the effect of blast attenuation, the double-pressure relief orifice plate was better than the one-pressure relief orifice plate, and the single-pressure relief orifice plate was better than the expansion chamber. The expansion chamber attenuated the blast by 30%, the one-pressure relief orifice plate attenuated the blast by 51%, and the double-pressure relief orifice plate attenuated the blast by 82%. The blast attenuation trend of the numerical simulation result generally matched that of the experimental result. The results of this study can provide a reference for future protective designs and reinforce the U.S. Force regulations.

Performance limitation of networked systems with controller and communication filter co-design

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 1167-1176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Wu ◽  
Xi-Sheng Zhan ◽  
Xian-He Zhang ◽  
Tao Han ◽  
Hong-Liang Gao
Keyword(s):  
Networked Systems ◽  
Channel Noise ◽  
Frequency Domain Method ◽  
Minimum Phase ◽  
Error Signal ◽  
Optimal Network ◽  
Performance Limitation ◽  
The One ◽  
Theoretical Results ◽  
Two Parameter

This paper addresses the performance limitation problem of networked systems by co-designing the controller and communication filter. The tracking performance index is measured by the energy of the error signal. Explicit expressions of the performance limitation are obtained by applying the controller and communication filter co-design, and the optimal network filter is obtained by applying the frequency domain method. It is shown that the performance limitation is closely related to the unstable poles and the non-minimum phase zeros of a given plant under the one-parameter compensator structure, whereas, under the two-parameter compensator structure, the performance limitation is unrelated to the unstable poles of a given plant. It is also demonstrated that the performance limitation can be improved and the effect of the channel noise can be eliminated by using the controller and communication filter co-design. Finally, some typical examples are presented to illustrate the theoretical results.

scholarly journals Robust Tracking Controller for a DC/DC Buck-Boost Converter–Inverter–DC Motor System

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Hernández-Márquez ◽  
Carlos Avila-Rea ◽  
José García-Sánchez ◽  
Ramón Silva-Ortigoza ◽  
Gilberto Silva-Ortigoza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor System ◽  
Dc Motor ◽  
Boost Converter ◽  
Differential Flatness ◽  
Robust Tracking ◽  
Level Control ◽  
Tracking Controller ◽  
The One ◽  
High Level ◽  
Better Than

This paper has two aims. The first is to develop a robust hierarchical tracking controller for the DC/DC Buck-Boost–inverter–DC motor system. This controller considers a high level control for the inverter–DC motor subsystems and a low level control for the DC/DC Buck-Boost converter subsystem. Such controls solve the tracking task associated with the angular velocity of the motor shaft and the output voltage of the converter, respectively, via the differential flatness approach. The second aim is to present a comparison of the robust hierarchical controller to a passive controller. This, with the purpose of showing that performance achieved with the hierarchical controller proposed in this paper, is better than the one achieved with the passive controller. Both controllers are experimentally implemented on a prototype of the DC/DC Buck-Boost–inverter–DC motor system by using Matlab-Simulink along with the DS1104 board from dSPACE. According to experimental results, the proposal in the present paper achieves a better performance than the passive controller.

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