Macho Nachos

Abstract. The present studies examine how culturally held stereotypes about gender (that women eat more healthfully than men) implicitly influence food preferences. In Study 1, priming masculinity led both male and female participants to prefer unhealthy foods, while priming femininity led both male and female participants to prefer healthy foods. Study 2 extended these effects to gendered food packaging. When the packaging and healthiness of the food were gender schema congruent (i.e., feminine packaging for a healthy food, masculine packaging for an unhealthy food) both male and female participants rated the product as more attractive, said that they would be more likely to purchase it, and even rated it as tasting better compared to when the product was stereotype incongruent. In Study 3, packaging that explicitly appealed to gender stereotypes (“The muffin for real men”) reversed the schema congruity effect, but only among participants who scored high in psychological reactance.

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Childhood Experiences and Sporting Event Visitors’ Preference for Unhealthy versus Healthy Foods: Priming the Route to Obesity?

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu10111670 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 1670 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Joerg Koenigstorfer

Keyword(s):

Leisure Time ◽

Healthy Food ◽

Sporting Events ◽

Unhealthy Food ◽

Healthy Foods ◽

Childhood Memories ◽

Childhood Experiences ◽

Sporting Event ◽

Food And Drink ◽

Flea Market

To date, there is little knowledge about how experiences in childhood frame adults’ food and drink consumption patterns in the context of attending sporting events as spectators. Therefore, the goal of this study was to explore the childhood memories of adults when they visited sporting events and find out whether and why this particular setting makes individuals indulge in unhealthy food. The study comprises two components: Study 1 and Study 2. In Study 1, 30 individuals recalled their childhood experiences of sport stadium visits at the age of ten years or younger. Inductive coding of the stories revealed that on-site enjoyment is an important factor that may lead to unhealthy food consumption. In Study 2 (n = 240), the effect of enjoyment on the intentions to eat unhealthy versus healthy food at sporting events was tested empirically and contrasted with two other leisure-time activities. The results of the experiment revealed that it is not enjoyment, but the visit to sporting or music events (versus a flea market) that increased the preference for unhealthy versus healthy foods. Implications to decrease (increase) the preference for unhealthy (healthy) food in these particular settings against the background of childhood experiences can be drawn.

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Improving the nutritional status of food-insecure women: first, let them eat what they like

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980007702902 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 1288-1298 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Lynn McIntyre ◽

Valerie Tarasuk ◽

Tony Jinguang Li

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Dietary Intake ◽

Food Insecurity ◽

Food Preferences ◽

Food Choices ◽

Healthy Food ◽

Dietary Intakes ◽

Healthy Foods ◽

Food Bank ◽

Diverse Community

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the extent to which identified nutrient inadequacies in the dietary intakes of a sample of food-insecure women could be ameliorated by increasing their access to the ‘healthy’ foods they typically eat.DesignMerged datasets of 226 food-insecure women who provided at least three 24-hour dietary intake recalls over the course of a month. Dietary modelling, with energy adjustment for severe food insecurity, explored the effect of adding a serving of the woman's own, and the group's typically chosen, nutrient-rich foods on the estimated prevalence of nutrient inadequacy.Setting and subjectsOne study included participants residing in 22 diverse community clusters from the Atlantic Provinces of Canada, and the second study included food bank attendees in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Of the 226 participants, 78% lived alone with their children.ResultsWhile nutritional vulnerability remained after modelling, adding a single serving of either typically chosen ‘healthy’ foods from women's own diets or healthy food choices normative to the population reduced the prevalence of inadequacy by at least half for most nutrients. Correction for energy deficits resulting from severe food insecurity contributed a mean additional 20% improvement in nutrient intakes.ConclusionsFood-insecure women would sustain substantive nutritional gains if they had greater access to their personal healthy food preferences and if the dietary compromises associated with severe food insecurity were abated. Increased resources to access such choices should be a priority.

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Incidental exposure to hedonic and healthy food features affects food preferences one day later

Cognitive Research Principles and Implications ◽

10.1186/s41235-021-00338-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Léo Dutriaux ◽

Esther K. Papies ◽

Jennifer Fallon ◽

Leonel Garcia-Marques ◽

Lawrence W. Barsalou

Keyword(s):

Incidental Learning ◽

Food Preferences ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Healthy Food ◽

General Effect ◽

Healthy Foods ◽

Unhealthy Eating ◽

Affective Processes ◽

Incidental Exposure ◽

High Bmi

AbstractMemories acquired incidentally from exposure to food information in the environment may often become active to later affect food preferences. Because conscious use of these memories is not requested or required, these incidental learning effects constitute a form of indirect memory. In an experiment using a novel food preference paradigm (n = 617), we found that brief incidental exposure to hedonic versus healthy food features indirectly affected food preferences a day later, explaining approximately 10% of the variance in preferences for tasty versus healthy foods. It follows that brief incidental exposure to food information can affect food preferences indirectly for at least a day. When hedonic and health exposure were each compared to a no-exposure baseline, a general effect of hedonic exposure emerged across individuals, whereas health exposure only affected food preferences for high-BMI individuals. This pattern suggests that focusing attention on hedonic food features engages common affective processes across the general population, whereas focusing attention on healthy food features engages eating restraint goals associated with high BMI. Additionally, incidental exposure to food features primarily changed preferences for infrequently consumed foods, having less impact on habitually consumed foods. These findings offer insight into how hedonic information in the obesogenic food environment contributes to unhealthy eating behavior that leads to overweight and obesity. These findings further motivate the development of interventions that counteract the effects of exposure to hedonic food information and that broaden the effects of exposure to healthy food information.

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Menumbuhkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa Dalam Memilih Makanan Sehat Dengan Pembelajaran Literasi Matematika Berbasis Konteks

Jurnal Gantang ◽

10.31629/jg.v2i2.193 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 89-97

Author(s):

Ahmad Anis Abdullah ◽

Rino Richardo

Keyword(s):

Critical Thinking ◽

Primary Schools ◽

Food Packaging ◽

Mathematics Learning ◽

Literacy Learning ◽

Thinking Skills ◽

Healthy Food ◽

Healthy Foods ◽

Mathematical Literacy ◽

Mathematics Literacy

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan bagaimana mengembangkan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa dalam memilih makanan sehat dengan pembelajaran literasi matematika berbasis konteks. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini merupakan penelitian studi kepustakaan (library research). Literasi matematika merupakan kemampuan menggunakan pengetahuan matematika guna memecahkan masalah sehari-hari secara lebih baik dan efektif. Literasi matematika dapat membantu individu untuk mengenal peran matematika di dunia nyata dan sebagai dasar pertimbangan dalam penentukan keputusan yang dibutuhkan oleh masyaraka, seperti berpikir kritis dalam memilih makanan sehat. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pemilihan makanan sehat khususnya makanan kemasan dengan pembelajaran literasi matematika berbasis konteks, dapat dilakukan pada pembelajaran tematik di sekolah dasar, sub pokok pembahasan perbandingan dengan objek penelitian tanggal kadaluarsa dan informasi nilai gizi dalam produk kemasan. Kata kunci: literasi statistika, pembelajaran matematika, pendidikan politik, berpikir kritis This study aims to describe how to develop students' critical thinking skills in choosing healthy food with context-based mathematics literacy learning. The method used in this study is a literature study. Mathematical literacy is the ability to use mathematical knowledge to solve daily problems better and more effectively. Mathematical literacy can help individuals to recognize the role of mathematics in the real world and as a basis for consideration in the decision-making needed by society, such as critical thinking in choosing healthy foods. The results of this study indicate that the selection of healthy foods, especially food packaging with context-based mathematics literacy learning, can be done on thematic learning in primary schools, sub-subject discussion of comparison with the object of discussion is expired date and nutritional value information in packaging products. Keywords: healthy food, critical thinking, mathematics learning, Mathematical literacy

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Children’s pester power, packaging and unhealthy food preference

Young Consumers Insight and Ideas for Responsible Marketers ◽

10.1108/yc-03-2019-0973 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 35-55

Author(s):

Juliana Maria Magalhães Christino ◽

Erico Aurelio Abreu Cardozo ◽

Thaís Santos Silva ◽

Caroline Mazzini

Keyword(s):

Practical Implication ◽

Food Preferences ◽

Positive Influence ◽

Structural Equations ◽

Marketing Strategies ◽

Unhealthy Food ◽

Healthy Foods ◽

Content Type ◽

Willingness To Buy ◽

Vulnerable Subjects

Purpose This study aims to understand the extent to which packaging influences Brazilian parents' purchasing willingness based on children's food preferences for unhealthy food products. Design/methodology/approach Parents, with children up to 12 years old, answered questions about the positive influence of the packaging on the children, the preferences of the children in their willingness to buy and the propensity to give in to the desires of the children. Data analysis was performed with the statistical software SPSS and Stata used for structural equations modeling. Findings The results back the outlined hypotheses and point out that the characteristics of the packaging positively influence children's preferences as well as parents’ who are prone to give in to such influences. In some relationships, there was a minute moderating effect of social desirability and social class. Research limitations/implications The research presents as a limitation the nature of the sample, parents, to the extent that the influences of the packages on the children were analyzed from their perspectives. Practical implications Findings from the research can be used to think about preventive public policies to protect children as highly vulnerable subjects. Another practical implication is that the same marketing strategies that are used for unhealthy foods can also be used for healthy foods, improving their linkage to the children once there are evidences that packaging can positively influence their preferences. Originality/value The originality of this study is to focus on children's food preferences for unhealthy products and in parents with children up to 12 years old, which is not often investigated by researchers.

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The Impact of Voluntary Policies on Parents’ Ability to Select Healthy Foods in Supermarkets: A Qualitative Study of Australian Parental Views

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16183377 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (18) ◽

pp. 3377 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Claire Elizabeth Pulker ◽

Denise Chew Ching Li ◽

Jane Anne Scott ◽

Christina Mary Pollard

Keyword(s):

Food Packaging ◽

Food Choices ◽

Healthy Food ◽

Healthy Foods ◽

Group Discussions ◽

Point Of Sale ◽

Parental Views ◽

Shopping Environments ◽

Speed Up ◽

The Impact

Food packaging is used for marketing purposes, providing consumers with information about product attributes at the point-of-sale and thus influencing food choice. The Australian government focuses on voluntary policies to address inappropriate food marketing, including the Health Star Rating nutrition label. This research explored the way marketing via packaging information influences Australian parents’ ability to select healthy foods for their children, and who parents believe should be responsible for helping them. Five 90-min focus groups were conducted by an experienced facilitator in Perth, Western Australia. Four fathers and 33 mothers of children aged 2–8 years participated. Group discussions were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim and inductive thematic content analysis conducted using NVivo11. Seven themes were derived: (1) pressure of meeting multiple demands; (2) desire to speed up shopping; (3) feeding them well versus keeping them happy; (4) lack of certainty in packaging information; (5) government is trusted and should take charge; (6) food manufacturers’ health messages are not trusted; (7) supermarkets should assist parents to select healthy foods. Food packaging information appears to be contributing to parents’ uncertainty regarding healthy food choices. Supermarkets could respond to parents’ trust in them by implementing structural policies, providing shopping environments that support and encourage healthy food choices.

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Food Marketing in an Obesogenic Environment: a Narrative Overview of the Potential of Healthy Food Promotion to Children and Adults

Current Addiction Reports ◽

10.1007/s40429-020-00338-4 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 431-436 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Frans Folkvord ◽

Roel C. J. Hermans

Keyword(s):

Vegetable Intake ◽

Food Preferences ◽

Dietary Behavior ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Healthy Food ◽

Food Marketing ◽

Future Research ◽

Unhealthy Food ◽

Efficiency And Effectiveness ◽

Underlying Mechanisms

Abstract Purpose of Review There is abundant evidence that food marketing influences children’s and adults’ food preferences and consumption. As such, exposure to unhealthy food marketing is a widely acknowledged risk factor contributing to the development of overweight and obesity. Less is known about the effects of healthy food promotion on people’s dietary behavior. This narrative review describes research from the past 5 years focused on the effects of healthy food marketing on children’s and adults’ food preferences and dietary intake. Our aim is to gain insight into the potential effects and mechanistic underpinnings of healthy food promotion, thereby building on existing knowledge on underlying mechanisms of the effectiveness of unhealthy food marketing. Recent Findings Only a small number of studies directly examined the effects of healthy food promotion on children’s and adults’ dietary behavior. Most studies targeted children’s fruit and/or vegetable intake and used a variety of marketing techniques, ranging from television adverts to social media influencer marketing. Six out of ten studies found a positive effect of healthy food promotion, indicating that healthy food marketing has the potential to influence dietary behavior. Summary Food marketing is highly effective in stimulating and reinforcing food consumption, in particular for energy-dense foods. Further investigation and experimentation into the efficiency and effectiveness of healthy food promotion are needed to determine how marketing techniques could be used to improve dietary behavior. The healthy food promotion model provides a framework for future research in this area.

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From informational towards transformational advertising strategies? A content analysis of Belgian food magazine advertisements

British Food Journal ◽

10.1108/bfj-10-2017-0559 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 120 (6) ◽

pp. 1170-1182 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Gudrun Roose ◽

Maggie Geuens ◽

Iris Vermeir

Keyword(s):

Content Analysis ◽

Healthy Food ◽

Food Advertising ◽

Unhealthy Food ◽

Healthy Foods ◽

Content Type ◽

Advertising Appeals ◽

Preliminary Examination ◽

Food Advertisements ◽

Western European

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to perform a preliminary examination of informational and transformational advertising appeals in contemporary advertisements for healthy and unhealthy foods.Design/methodology/approachWestern (European) food advertisements published in Belgian food magazines were content analyzed to identify informational and transformational advertising appeals. Belgian food advertising was selected as an adequate representation of Western (European) food advertising because marketing in Belgium is permeated by international influences (cf. Belgian Federal Government). Advertisements were sampled from three magazines over a period of five years, from January 2009 to December 2013. The sample comprised 325 unique advertisements, including 159 for healthy foods and 166 for unhealthy foods.FindingsThe results of the content analysis indicated that healthy food advertisements in Belgium are mainly informational, whereas unhealthy food advertisements are mainly transformational.Originality/valueThis preliminary examination of informational and transformational advertising appeals in contemporary healthy food and unhealthy food advertisements shows that healthy food advertisements in Belgium are mainly informational, whereas the segment of consumers which is precarious – people low-involved with healthy food – are mainly attracted by transformational advertising appeals. The contrasting transformational strategy of unhealthy-food advertisements can provide inspiration for healthy food advertisers to help increase healthy food consumption.

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Exposure of Children to Unhealthy Food and Beverage Advertisements in South Africa

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18083856 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (8) ◽

pp. 3856

Author(s):

Daniel A. Yamoah ◽

Jeroen De Man ◽

Sunday O. Onagbiye ◽

Zandile J. Mchiza

Keyword(s):

South African ◽

Healthy Food ◽

Food Advertising ◽

Regulation System ◽

Unhealthy Food ◽

The South ◽

Food And Beverages ◽

Persuasive Strategies ◽

Food And Beverage ◽

Marketing To Children

Television (TV) is a powerful medium for marketing food and beverages. Food and beverage marketers tend to use this medium to target children with the hope that children will in turn influence their families’ food choices. No study has assessed the compliance of TV marketers with the South African Marketing to Children pledge since the enactment of the 2014 food advertising recommendations by the South African Department of Health and the Advertising Standards Authority. This study investigated the extent and nature of advertising of unhealthy versus healthy food and beverages to children in South African TV broadcasting channels. The date, time, type, frequency and target audience of food advertisements (ads) on four free-to-air South African TV channels were recorded and captured using a structured assessment guide. The presence of persuasive marketing techniques was also assessed. Unhealthy food and beverage advertising was recorded at a significantly higher rate compared with healthy food and beverages during the time frame when children were likely to be watching TV. Brand benefit claims, health claims and power strategies (e.g., advertising using cartoon characters and celebrated individuals) were used as persuasive strategies. These persuasive strategies were used more in unhealthy versus healthy food ads. The findings are in breach of the South African Marketing to Children pledge and suggest a failure of the industry self-regulation system. We recommend the introduction of monitored and enforced statutory regulations to ensure healthy TV food advertising space.

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Promoting healthy foods among urban school children in Bangladesh: a qualitative inquiry of the challenges and opportunities

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-021-11085-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

A. M. Rumayan Hasan ◽

George Smith ◽

Md Harunor Rashid ◽

Mohammad Abdus Selim ◽

Sabrina Rasheed

Keyword(s):

School Children ◽

Food System ◽

Vegetable Consumption ◽

Food Preferences ◽

Urban School ◽

Qualitative Inquiry ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Food Culture ◽

Healthy Foods ◽

Raw Foods

Abstract Background In Bangladesh overweight and obesity among urban school children are on the rise. Urban school children tend to consume foods dense in calories and few fruits and vegetables which is associated with overweight and obesity. The current study explored the barriers and opportunities for promoting healthy diets among school children from the perspective of teachers and parents in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Methods We conducted 14 key informant interviews with teachers and principals, six focus group discussions with 31 mothers of school children (5 to 15 year old) and 14 structured observations of the school food environment. Inductive thematic analysis was performed manually. Results Schools were important for development of food preferences of children, however, most school cafeterias provided foods based on profit rather than health considerations. A shift in food culture resulted in making eating out acquire many meanings beyond convenience. Mothers, especially those who were employed, struggled to prepare healthy foods due to time pressure. Mothers were generally concerned about chemicals added to raw foods in markets which led to limited fruit and vegetable consumption. Conclusions There were many challenges to promoting healthy foods to school children within and outside the school. It is important to formulate policies and guidance to create a supportive environment for healthy foods in and in the proximity of schools. It is also important to educate consumers about identifying and choosing healthy foods. Laws related to food safety should be adequately implemented to boost the population’s confidence in safety of available healthy foods in the food system.

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