The impact of past relationships on interpersonal behavior: Behavioral confirmation in the social–cognitive process of transference.

2000 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 546-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele S. Berk ◽  
Susan M. Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Process ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Interpersonal Behavior ◽  
Behavioral Confirmation ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Social cognition and major depressive disorder: impact on psychosocial function and therapeutic opportunities

BJPsych Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (S1) ◽  
pp. S300-S300
Author(s):  
Michael Weightman ◽  
Bernhard Baune
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Psychosocial Functioning ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Depressed Patients ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Cognitive Deficits ◽  
The Impact

AimsThis poster aims to examine the impact of social cognitive deficits on psychosocial functioning in depressed patients, as well as summarise the utility of various evidence-based therapeutic interventions employed to target these deficits. The stated hypotheses were twofold: (1) that social cognitive impairment in major depressive disorder will correlate with poorer psychosocial functioning; and (2) that these deficits will respond to existing anti-depressant therapies.BackgroundSocial cognition is an important adaptive trait that incorporates the identification, perception and interpretation of socially relevant information from the external world. It is frequently affected in major depressive disorder such that depressed patienMethodA review of the existing literature was performed in order to test the stated hypotheses. Pertinent sources were identified via the MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar databases. A total of 107 studies met inclusion criteria for review.ResultImpaired social cognitive performance in depressed patients correlated with poorer psychosocial functioning across the key domains of general cognitive functioning and quality of life. Many current anti-depressant therapies were found to have a normalising effect on the social cognitive abilities of depressed subjects, both at a neural and functional level. Anti-depressant medications, in particular citalopram and reboxetine, appeared to correct facial affect recognition deficits, while a psychotherapeutic approach demonstrated improvements in theory of mind and negative interpretive bias. Data relating to other common treatments, such as electroconvulsive therapy, are limited.ConclusionThe impact and treatment of social cognitive deficits in major depressive disorder is an important emerging field. The social cognitive deficits evident in depressed patients are sometimes subtle, but afford a significant functional impact. Additionally, it appears these impairments are at least partially reversible using anti-depressants or psychotherapy.

Can Undergraduate Students Help Change Older Adults’ Confidence for Making Nutrition-Related Decisions in a 45-Minute Nutrition Workshop?

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Rakhshan Kamran ◽  
Giulia Coletta ◽  
Janet M. Pritchard
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Outcome Expectations ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Dietary Choices ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact

Purpose: The Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) suggests health behaviour can be modified by enhancing knowledge of health benefits and outcome expectations of changing behaviour, improving self-efficacy (confidence), and developing goals to overcome barriers to behaviour change. This study aimed to determine the impact of student-led nutrition workshops on participants’ confidence related to SCT constructs for making dietary choices that align with evidence-based nutrition recommendations. Methods: Level-4 Science students developed and delivered 9 workshops on nutrition recommendations for the prevention and management of age-related diseases. Participants attending the workshops completed pre- and post-surveys to assess SCT constructs. For each SCT construct, participants rated their confidence on a 10-point Likert scale. The number (%) of participants who rated their confidence as ≥8/10 on the pre- and post-surveys were compared using the χ2 test. Results: Sixty-three community members (60% female, mean ± SD age 71 ± 7 years) attended the workshops. The number of participants rating confidence as ≥8/10 for each SCT construct increased after the workshops (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Undergraduate students can positively influence community members’ confidence for making nutrition-related decisions. Involving students in interventions where SCT-structured workshops are used may help conserve health care resources and reach older adults who may not have access to dietitian services.

How Social Factors Influence Implicit Knowledge Construction on the Internet

2015 ◽  
pp. 205-215
Author(s):  
Albena Antonova
Keyword(s):  
Social Factors ◽  
Knowledge Construction ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Implicit Knowledge ◽  
Internet Communication ◽  
Knowledge Processes ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact

The influence of Internet on knowledge acquisition increases as it became the primary source of reference, especially for young generations. Therefore, it is important to understand how social factors and Internet influences not only explicit but also implicit knowledge construction. Several theories explain the impact of the social groups on the knowledge formation as Social Cognitive Theory of Bandura and Lay Epistemic Theory of Kruglanski. Thus, the authors propose an analysis of the implicit knowledge construction processes through the theoretical overview of Internet communication. More specifically, they discuss how the mechanisms of Internet increase the social and group impact on the implicit knowledge processes.

scholarly journals The Impact of Abusive Supervision on Job Insecurity: A Moderated Mediation Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (21) ◽  
pp. 7773
Author(s):  
Dawei Wang ◽  
Chaoyue Zhao ◽  
Yalin Chen ◽  
Phil Maguire ◽  
Yixin Hu
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Job Insecurity ◽  
Abusive Supervision ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
The Social ◽  
Member Exchange ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Moderating Role

This paper explores the impact of abusive supervision on job insecurity under the frameworks of the social cognitive theory and the leader-member exchange theory; additionally, it explores the mediating role of leader-member exchange (LMX) and the moderating role of power distance. In this study, 944 employees from two state-owned enterprises located in China were surveyed via questionnaires. Results of the correlation analysis and statistical bootstrapping showed that (i) abusive supervision was significantly and positively related to job insecurity, (ii) LMX played a mediating role in the impact of abusive supervision on job insecurity, and (iii) power distance played a moderating role in the relationship between LMX and job insecurity. Based on the social cognitive theory, this study broadens the perspective of studies regarding job insecurity. It also provides practical suggestions for avoiding abusive supervision and for alleviating employees’ insecurities about management.

scholarly journals The Impact of the Representation of Social Space on the Perception of Crime by Juveniles

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-26
Author(s):  
Kirill Zlokazov ◽  
Ekaterina Ilyankova ◽  
Anton Rozhkov
Keyword(s):  
Social Environment ◽  
Juvenile Delinquents ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Social Space ◽  
World View ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The relevance of this research is connected with the necessity of develo­ping the theory of delinquent behavior and of improving the prevention of juvenile delinquency. The analysis of clauses that form the foundation of delinquency prevention programs shows the dominance of personal, behavioral and social environment-related views and a poor development of subjective views that modify the understanding of social consequences of crimes by adolescents. The goal of this research was to study the ideas of adolescents regarding social space and their impact on their assessment of crimes and their consequences. The study was based on the principles and clauses of a subjective approach, and the social-cognitive theory. The information processing methods included the frequency content-analysis (text-meaning), the assessment of differences (H-test of Kruskal-Wallis), and the multi-factor, multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). The authors established that juvenile delinquents’ understanding of interactions in the social space has an influence on their description of crimes. They also determined the statistical differences in the understanding of interaction with the social space between law-abiding adolescents and juvenile delinquents. It was shown that juvenile delinquents believe that social space ignores and devalues them, while law abiding adolescents believe that it is sensitive and supportive. Juvenile delinquents consider it possible to be irresponsible and dishonest in their interactions with other people, while law abiding adolescents strive to be responsible, honest and fair. The authors found out that the assessment of relationships with the social environment has an impact on the description of the consequences of a crime in a group of juvenile delinquents. The obtained results specify the ideas on the subjectivity of juvenile delinquents, prove that the subjective world view determines how the crime itself and its consequences are perceived, provide additional evidence that underage crimes are determined by the disruption of the relationship with the social environment, and show that the consequences of crimes are described using the vocabulary of risks and opportunities, consequences and advantages, break-up with the close ones and isolation.

scholarly journals The Impact of Social Support and Corporate Culture on Women Career Advancement

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 303-312
Author(s):  
Majid Ali ◽  
Md. Lazim Bin Mohd Zin ◽  
Zuraida Binti Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Corporate Culture ◽  
Career Advancement ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Empirical Finding ◽  
The Social ◽  
Managerial Positions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Social Cognitive Career

The ratio of women in managerial positions is still not satisfactory. However, little research has been pursued towards explaining the issues why they are not getting the top positions in any organizations. Researchers have identified the importance of the social support and corporate culture in the connection of the framework of Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT) which remains unaddressed in the explicating the relationship between social support, corporate culture and women career advancement. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the issues that have effect on women career advancement. In addition, this paper is only a theoretical exploration, it is expected that this work lead towards an explanation of the relationship between social support, corporate culture and women career advancement, which may be studied further to determine the empirical finding about the other dynamic of the (SCCT).

scholarly journals ‘The trauma of the cyclone has changed us forever’: self-reliance, vulnerability and resilience among older Australians in cyclone-prone areas

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 403-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
SANDRA ASTILL ◽  
EVONNE MILLER
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Cyclones ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
The Past ◽  
Self Reliance ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Future ◽  
Future Policy ◽  
Financial Impacts ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTThe combination of population ageing and climate change is creating a new threat for many Australian coastal hamlets vulnerable to the impact of tropical cyclones. Increasingly, elderly people are facing future tropical cyclones alone, without support from family and friends, relying instead on already stretched government and authority resources, despite Emergency Management Australia's (EMA) policy expectation that all citizens must be self-reliant. This research explored the future self-reliance and disaster resilience of coastal hamlets through the lens of the Social Cognitive Theory by outlining the findings from focus groups, personal interviews and questionnaires involving participants over 65 years of age, residing in townships previously impacted by Cyclone Larry (in 2006) and Cyclone Yasi (in 2011). Participants recalled a lack of social support following the cyclones, a fear of evacuating their homes, as well as the trauma of recovering from such intense destruction. Respondents were also concerned about the physical, cognitive and financial impacts of ageing on their ability to prepare and recover from future cyclones, frightened that experiences from the past might be repeated in the future, contributing to feelings of isolation, frustration and the loss of community, and a rethinking of ageing in the place of their choice. These considerations impact on the dependence EMA has that all citizens will remain self-reliant when faced with a natural hazard and should be considered when making future policy decisions in relation to more isolated coastal townships.

The Effect of Social Networks on Relationships Outside the Network

2019 ◽  
pp. 213-235
Author(s):  
Tami Seifert ◽  
Idit Miara
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Romantic Partners ◽  
Interpersonal Behavior ◽  
Clear Indication ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Social ◽  
Old Men ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Depth Interviews

This chapter examines the impact of three different aspects of romantic discourse on social networks: romance, identity, and privacy. Qualitative research focused on the influence of the social networks on the opinions and interpersonal behavior of 11 single academics, aged 30-45 years old, men and women who used Facebook as a means for meeting potential romantic partners. The research employed semi-structured in-depth interviews to elicit qualitative data. Results indicate that an intimate, romantic setting cannot exist on the social network. Most users enhanced their identity in order to appear more attractive online. Most of the interviewees clearly felt that they needed to control the exposure of their personal details, and there was a clear indication that privacy does not exist online: it seems to be impossible to limit exposure of the published contents to specific selected audiences. Online romantic relationships are a metonymy for rapidly changing values and social norms in a dynamic global reality.

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