Preventing Health Damaging Behaviors and Negative Health Outcomes in Army and Marine Corps Personnel During the First Tour of Duty

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cherrie Boyer ◽  
◽  
Mary-Ann Shafer
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Marine Corps ◽  
Negative Health Outcomes

scholarly journals Determinants and Suitability of Carotenoid Reflection Score as a Measure of Carotenoid Status

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine Rush ◽  
Isaac Amoah ◽  
Tung Diep ◽  
Shabnam Jalili-Moghaddam
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Carotenoid Concentration ◽  
Dairy Foods ◽  
Green Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Dark Green ◽  
Negative Health Outcomes

Carotenoids, orange-coloured pigments found in vegetables, fruit, eggs and dairy foods, act as antioxidants and vitamin A precursors in the human body. Skin carotenoid concentration is a biomarker of vegetable and fruit intake. The aim was to identify determinants of skin carotenoid concentration by measuring “Veggie Meter™” carotenoid reflection spectroscopy scores (CRS) from the fingertip of adults with a range of ages, ethnicity and body size. Frequencies of daily intake of vegetables and fruit and weekly intake of pumpkin and carrot, dark green leafy vegetables (DGLV), eggs (yolk), and dairy were determined from a self-completed food-frequency-questionnaire. A total of 571 (324 Women, 247 Men) adults, aged 16 to 85 years, completed measurements. The CRS ranged from 83 to 769, with a median of 327. Women and men did not score differently. For all participants there were negative correlations of CRS with weight (r = −0.312) and BMI (r = −0.338) and positive correlations with weekly intakes of DGLV (r = 0.242) and carrots and pumpkin (r = 0.202). Based on a review of health outcomes associated with plasma carotenoids, 82% of the participants in the current study are at moderate risk, or more, of negative health outcomes. Determinants of carotenoid status were body size, intake of DGLV, carrots and pumpkin, and ethnicity.

scholarly journals Negative health outcomes associated with food insecurity status in the United States of America: A systematic review of peer-reviewed studies

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Jose Arenas ◽  
Sara Zhou ◽  
Arthur Thomas ◽  
Jici Wang ◽  
Gilberto Vila Arroyo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Underserved Populations ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Providers ◽  
Populations At Risk ◽  
Negative Health Outcomes

Introduction: Social determinants of health, such as food security, are an important target for health providers, particularly in the care of patients from underserved populations, including the uninsured and socially marginalized. Preliminary research has shown that food insecurity status (FIS) is associated with negative health outcomes.Objective: We aim to present a concise, yet comprehensive resource that lists the health outcomes associated with FIS. This guide is meant to provide innovative health providers with the tools needed to justify the importance of using FIS screening and treatment as a preventive medicine intervention.Methods: We conducted a systematic review of peer-reviewed manuscripts that studied FIS in the United States of America (USA) and at least one health outcome. We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus and had multiple reviewers examine each abstract and manuscript. We only retained peer-reviewed studies that contained USA data, directly measured FIS, and directly compared FIS to a health outcome.Results: The initial search yielded 1,817 manuscripts. After screening abstracts for duplicates and inclusion criteria, a total of 117 manuscripts were retained and fully examined. Several manuscripts showed significant association between FIS and neurologic, cardiac, endocrine, and pulmonary health outcomes. Studies in the USA population show robust associations between FIS and poor mental health (including depression, anxiety, sleep disorders, impaired cognitive functioning, and epilepsy), metabolic syndrome, hyperlipidemia, greater risk for bone fracture in children, higher risk of end-stage renal disease in patients with chronic kidney disease, self-reported poor health, and higher mortality in patients with the human immunodeficiency virus. Though other literature reviews show positive associations between FIS and health outcomes such as diabetes, body mass index, and hypertension, our systematic review showed mixed results.Conclusions: FIS leaves underserved populations at risk for negative health outcomes. More research should be done to examine the effects of FIS alleviation as a preventative medicine intervention.

Environmental racism in the heartland

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Genna Reed ◽  
Beto Lugo-Martinez ◽  
Casey Kalman
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Kansas City ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Systemic Racism ◽  
Environmental Racism ◽  
Communities Of Color ◽  
Risk Of Exposure ◽  
Negative Health Outcomes

As a result of a legacy of systemic racism,communities of color and low-income communities in Kansas City face a greater risk of exposure to environmental hazards. These hazards are associated with myriad negative health outcomes including cancer, respiratory illness, and shorter life expectancy.

Actual and perceived patient health literacy: How accurate are residents’ predictions?

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 290-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laci L Zawilinski ◽  
Heather Kirkpatrick ◽  
Barbara Pawlaczyk ◽  
Himabindu Yarlagadda
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Literacy Skills ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Resident Physicians ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Negative Health Outcomes

Health literacy has repeatedly been shown to be associated with a multitude of negative health outcomes. Previous research has shown that patient health literacy levels are hard to predict by physicians and that assessment tools used to measure health literacy may be outdated or lacking. The purpose of this study is to replicate and extend the findings of previous research by examining residents’ ability to predict health literacy levels in patients and to use a newer validated measure of health literacy. A total of 38 patient encounters were included in this study. Patients were administered the Health Literacy Skills Instrument-Short Form to assess health literacy levels. Twenty resident physicians conducted visits with study participants and were asked to predict the health literacy of their patients. Results indicated that, consistent with previous research, residents’ predictions of patient health literacy were not consistent with patient health literacy levels as measured by the Health Literacy Skills Instrument-Short Form. Implications of these findings and future directions are discussed.

“I’m More Open to Talking About It”: Women’s Experiences With Sexual Abuse and Reproductive Health

2020 ◽  
pp. 088626052090507
Author(s):  
Stephanie Meier ◽  
Kristin Brig ◽  
Cara Delay ◽  
Beth Sundstrom ◽  
Laura Schwab-Reese ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
South Carolina ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Sexual Coercion ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Care Seeking ◽  
Health Care Experiences ◽  
Negative Health Outcomes

Approximately one in three women experience sexual abuse, which can result in negative reproductive health consequences. A history of sexual abuse may negatively impact health care seeking and experience. The purposes of this article were to understand how women perceived their sexual abuse experiences and how these experiences integrated into their overall reproductive health, reproductive planning, and health care access. As part of a larger study about women’s reproductive health, researchers analyzed 16 in-depth interviews with women aged 18 years and older (range = 18–78) living in South Carolina (May–November 2016). A constant comparative method of data analysis was completed to explore women’s sexual abuse experiences as they related to reproductive health and health care experiences. HyperRESEARCH 3.7.3 assisted in data organization and management. Limited bodily agency impacted women’s ability to engage in family planning, particularly when partners utilized sexual coercion to maintain desired relationships and attain desired family size, regardless of women’s preferences. In addition, limited sexual violence and abuse discussion in health care contexts impacted women’s autonomy in reproductive health decision-making despite participants’ desire to engage in these discussions with providers. Participants expressed a desire for communication about their sexual abuse experiences; however, results indicated women had to navigate stigma within families and communities, which deterred disclosure and open discussion. Negative health outcomes and desire to discuss these experiences within the health care context highlighted a need for patient–provider communication about sexual abuse history as one aspect of gynecologic care. Findings from this study offer practical recommendations to guide communication about sexual abuse within reproductive health care experiences to empower women in their reproductive health choices. As these experiences may impact overall health and reproductive choices, provider-initiated conversations with adolescents and women may improve care and assist in prevention efforts, including the prevention of negative health outcomes.

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