Reverse discrimination: The relationship of amount of perceived discrimination toward a minority group on the behaviour of majority group members.

1973 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald G. Dutton
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Discrimination ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Reverse Discrimination ◽  
Majority Group ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

System Justification or Social Dominance? A Multilevel Test of the Ideological Motivators of Perceived Discrimination

2021 ◽  
pp. 014616722110360
Author(s):  
Joaquín Bahamondes ◽  
Chris G. Sibley ◽  
Danny Osborne
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Social Dominance ◽  
Perceived Discrimination ◽  
Social Dominance Orientation ◽  
System Justification ◽  
Societal Implications ◽  
Reverse Discrimination ◽  
High Status ◽  
Majority Group ◽  
Group Members

Although system-justifying beliefs often mitigate perceptions of discrimination, status-based asymmetries in the ideological motivators of perceived discrimination are unknown. Because the content and societal implications of discrimination claims are status-dependant, social dominance orientation (SDO) should motivate perceptions of (reverse) discrimination among members of high-status groups, whereas system justification should motivate the minimization of perceived discrimination among the disadvantaged. We tested these hypotheses using multilevel regressions among a nationwide random sample of New Zealand Europeans ( n = 29,169) and ethnic minorities ( n = 5,118). As hypothesized, group-based dominance correlated positively with perceived (reverse) discrimination among ethnic-majority group members, whereas system justification correlated negatively with perceived discrimination among the disadvantaged. Furthermore, the proportion of minorities within the region strengthened the victimizing effects of SDO-Dominance, but not SDO-Egalitarianism, among the advantaged. Together, these results reveal status-based asymmetries in the motives underlying perceptions of discrimination and identify a key contextual moderator of this association.

scholarly journals National Identification and Intergroup Attitudes Among Members of the National Majority and Immigrants: Preliminary Evidence for the Mediational Role of Psychological Ownership of a Country

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asteria Brylka ◽  
Tuuli Anna Mähönen ◽  
Inga Jasinskaja-Lahti
Keyword(s):  
Minority Group ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Psychological Ownership ◽  
Intergroup Attitudes ◽  
Majority Group ◽  
National Identification ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Mediational Role ◽  
The Relationship

In this study, we examined whether psychological ownership of the country one lives in (in this case, Finland) mediates the relationship between national identification and intergroup attitudes among majority and minority group members (N = 647; Finns, n = 334, Russian-speaking immigrants, n = 313). Consistent with our predictions, both majority group members and immigrants whose national identification was strong experienced greater psychological ownership of Finland; as expected, this relationship was more pronounced among majority group members. Higher psychological ownership, in turn, was associated with less positive attitudes towards Russian-speaking immigrants among majority Finns but more positive attitudes towards Finns among immigrants. The findings also showed that among immigrants, the relationship between national identification and psychological ownership is likely to be reciprocal, with national identification similarly mediating the association between psychological ownership and attitudes towards members of the national group. No support for such reciprocity between national identification and psychological ownership was found among members of the majority group.

Stereotypen van etnische minderheden, verbondenheid met de eigen groep, assimilatie en integratie

2007 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anneke Vrugt ◽  
Alexis Salin ◽  
Semra Room
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Social Group ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Cultural Background ◽  
Ethnic Minority Group ◽  
Negative View ◽  
Majority Group ◽  
Group Members ◽  
The Relationship

Stereotypes of ethnic minorities, attachment to their own group, assimilation and integration Stereotypes of ethnic minorities, attachment to their own group, assimilation and integration A. Vrugt, A. Salin & S. Room, Gedrag & Organisatie, volume 20, September 2007, nr. 3, pp. 260-271 The present research investigated which stereotypical characteristics Dutch ethnic minority group members, based on their cultural background, attributed to their own social group and to the ethnic Dutch majority. Further it was studied to what extent the assignment of these stereotypical characteristics was related to the attachment to their own group, and whether the attachment to their own group was related to their view on integration and assimilation. The results showed that minority group participants found positive stereotypical features that are derived from collectivistic values, more characteristic of their own group than of the Dutch majority. By contrast, negative stereotypical features, being deviant from collectivistic values, were considered as more characteristic of the majority group. Furthermore, it was found that the minority group participants felt more attached to their own group than did the majority group participants. This attachment was related to the negative stereotypical features that minority group participants regarded as characteristic of the majority. Moreover, this attachment mediated the relationship between negative stereotypical features attributed to the majority and a negative view on assimilation. The implications of these results are discussed.

scholarly journals How do conflict narratives shape conflict- and peace-related outcomes among majority group members? The role of competitive victimhood in intractable conflicts

2020 ◽  
pp. 136843022091577
Author(s):  
Özden Melis Uluğ ◽  
Brian Lickel ◽  
Bernhard Leidner ◽  
Gilad Hirschberger
Keyword(s):  
Violent Conflict ◽  
The Other ◽  
Intergroup Conflict ◽  
Majority Group ◽  
Group Members ◽  
The One ◽  
Kurdish Conflict ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Conflict Narratives

Previous research in the Turkish–Kurdish conflict context highlighted two opposing conflict narratives: (a) a terrorism narrative and (b) an independence narrative. In this article, we argue that these narratives are relevant to protracted and asymmetrical intergroup conflict (e.g., independence struggles), and therefore have consequences for conflict- and peace-related outcomes regardless of conflict contexts. We tested this generalizability hypothesis in parallel studies in the context of Turkish–Kurdish (Study 1) and Israeli–Palestinian relations (Study 2) among majority group members (Turks and Jewish Israelis, respectively). We also investigated competitive victimhood as a potential mediating variable in the relationship between conflict narratives on the one side and support for non-violent conflict resolution, forgiveness, and support for aggressive policies on the other, in parallel studies with the two aforementioned contexts. We argue that the terrorism narrative is essentially a negation of the narrative of the other group, and the independence narrative is a consideration of that narrative; therefore, competitive victimhood would be lower/higher when the narrative of the other is acknowledged/denied. Results point to the crucial relationship between endorsing conflict narratives and conflict- and peace-related outcomes through competitive victimhood, and to the possibility that these conflict narratives may show some similarities across different conflict contexts.

scholarly journals Interethnic Relations in a Changing Political Context

2005 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 375-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maykel Verkuyten ◽  
Katarzyna Zaremba
Keyword(s):  
Minority Groups ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Ethnic Relations ◽  
Rapid Rise ◽  
Ethnic Minority Groups ◽  
Interethnic Relations ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Majority Group ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Multiple Groups

The aim of this study was to examine evaluations of multiple groups by both ethnic majority-group (Dutch) and minority-group (Turkish-Dutch) members during a turbulent political period in the Netherlands, marked by the rapid rise and subsequent decline of a new-rightist, populist movement. The analysis of cross-sectional data from three periods (2001 to 2003) showed clear changes in these evaluations. As expected, both the Dutch and the Turkish participants showed higher ingroup identification and ingroup evaluation in 2002 than in 2001 and 2003. In addition, in 2002 the Dutch participants evaluated the Islamic outgroups (Turks and Moroccans) more negatively, whereas their evaluation of other ethnic minority groups did not differ across the three years. In contrast, Turkish participants evaluated all ethnic outgroups, including the Dutch and the Moroccans, more negatively in 2002. We conclude that it is important to study ethnic relations across time, in relation to political circumstances, from the perspective of both majority- and minority-group members, and in relation to different ethnic outgroups.

Group Performance Related to Size and Initial Ability of Group Members

1971 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 551-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morton Goldman
Keyword(s):  
Group Size ◽  
Group Performance ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Ability Levels ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Paper And Pencil ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Different Levels

This study examined the relationship of group performance as a function of group size, where members within each group are of similar initial ability levels, but members in different groups are of different levels. 5 wk. later on the basis of a paper-and-pencil test, Ss were formed into groups composed of all high Ss, all medium Ss, and all low Ss, with size varying from 2 to 5 persons. Ss working as a group retook the same test. Results showed that groups with different initial levels have their own unique patterns of improvement as the size of the group increases.

scholarly journals Hubungan Modal Sosial dengan Partisipasi Kelompok Tani dalam Koperasi Pondok Pesantren (Kopontren)

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 347
Author(s):  
Irfan Fadhlurrahman ◽  
Saharuddin Saharuddin
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Individual Characteristic ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Age Relation ◽  
Farmer Groups ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACTCooperatives as one of the sectors of economic power that is considered the most suitable developed in Indonesia, because formed by members and aims for the welfare of its members. Pesantren as a grassroots Islamic educational institution also develops Koperasi Pondok Pesantren (Kopontren) by fostering farmer groups. The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship of individual characteristics (age, education level, length of work, and income level), social capital, and participation of farmer group members in Kopontren Alif agribusiness activities. The result of the research shows that there is no significant correlation between individual characteristic with social capital and participation, except the age relation with participation, but the relation is negative. While social capital with participation has a significant and strong relationship. This is due to the high social capital with the participation of farmer group members in the activities of Kopontren Alif agribusiness.Keywords: farmer groups, individual characteristic, kopontren, social capital, participation. ABSTRAKKoperasi sebagai salah satu sektor kekuatan ekonomi yang dianggap paling cocok dikembangkan di Indonesia, karena dibentuk oleh anggota dan bertujuan untuk kesejahteraan anggotanya. Pesantren sebagai lembaga pendidikan Islam yang bersifat akar rumput turut mengembangkan koperasi pondok pesantren (Kopontren) dengan membina kelompok tani. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis hubungan karakteristik individu (usia, tingkat pendidikan, lama bekerja, dan tingkat pendapatan), modal sosial, dan partisipasi anggota kelompok tani binaan dalam kegiatan agribisnis Kopontren Alif. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan signifikan antara karakteristik individu dengan modal sosial dan partisipasi, kecuali hubungan usia dengan partisipasi, namun hubungannya negatif. Sedangkan modal sosial dengan partisipasi memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dan kuat. Hal ini dikarenakan tingginya modal sosial dengan partisipasi anggota kelompok tani dalam kegiatan agribisnis Kopontren Alif.Kata kunci: karakteristik individu, kelompok tani, kopontren, modal sosial, partisipasi.

scholarly journals Diversity in health care institutions reduces Israeli patients’ prejudice toward Arabs

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (14) ◽  
pp. e2022634118
Author(s):  
Chagai M. Weiss
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Intergroup Contact ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Public Institutions ◽  
Prejudice Reduction ◽  
Majority Group ◽  
Group Members ◽  
The Impact ◽  
To Receive

Diversity in the lines of public institutions, such as hospitals, schools, and police forces, is thought to improve provision for minority group members. Nonetheless, whether and how diversity in public institutions shapes majority citizens’ prejudice toward minorities are unclear. Building on insights from the intergroup contact literature, I suggest that diversity in public institutions can facilitate positive intergroup contact between majority group members and minorities in elevated social positions. Such unique interactions, which exceed the equal status condition for effective intergroup contact, can serve to reduce prejudice and facilitate more inclusive attitudes among majority group members. To test this expectation, I focus on health care provision—a leading sector with regard to minority representation. Leveraging a natural experiment unfolding in 21 Israeli medical clinics where Jewish patients are haphazardly assigned to receive care from Jewish or Arab doctors and embedding prejudice-related questions in a routine evaluation survey, I demonstrate that brief contact with an Arab doctor reduces prejudice. Specifically, contact with an Arab doctor reduces Jewish patients’ exclusionary preferences toward Arabs by one-sixth of an SD and increases Jewish patients’ optimism about peace by a 10th of an SD. The modest magnitude of these effects is similar to the impact of well-powered interventions recently reviewed in a meta-analysis of prejudice reduction experiments. These findings emphasize how the demographic makeup of public institutions can reduce mass prejudice, even in a context of intractable conflict.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN FENOMENA GROUPTHINK DENGAN GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN KETUA RT DI DESA CIKARAWANG

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-37
Author(s):  
Distra Asniar Asniar ◽  
Sarwititi Sarwoprasodjo
Keyword(s):  
Leadership Styles ◽  
Leadership Style ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Spearman Rank Correlation ◽  
Causal Factors ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Spearman Rank Correlation Test

Neighborhood activities are a process that can be used to see the level of group members' participation, often member participation is influenced by several things, such as groupthink phenomenon and group leader leadership style. The purpose of this study was to: (1) identify groupthink causal factors in groups, (2), identify leadership styles found in neighborhood, and (3) analyze the relationship of leadership style with groupthink phenomena in groups. This study uses a quantitative approach supported by qualitative data with 30 neighborhood as respondents. The subjects of this study were neighborhood groups located in Cikarawang Village, Dramaga District, Bogor Regency. Analysis of research data using the Spearman rank correlation test. The results show that there was no relationship between the leadership style of the chair and groupthink phenomena in the neighborhood activities. This condition influences the neighborhood leader dominant leadership style is laissez faire, so it has no relation to the decline in criticism of neighborhood members in groupthink phenomena.

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