Impulse, Self-harm and Suicide Ideation Questionnaire for Adolescents

Abstract. Background: Studies have shown that postdischarge care for self-harm patients is effective in reducing repeated suicidal behaviors. Little is known about whether volunteer support can help reduce self-harm repetition and improve psychosocial well-being. Aim: This study investigated the efficacy of volunteer support in preventing repetition of self-harm. Method: This study used a quasi-experimental design by assigning self-harm patients admitted to the emergency departments to an intervention group with volunteer support and treatment as usual (TAU) for 9 months and to a control group of TAU. Outcome measures include repetition of self-harm, suicidal ideation, hopelessness, and level of depressive and anxiety symptoms. Results: A total of 74 cases were recruited (38 participants; 36 controls). There were no significant differences in age, gender, and clinical condition between the two groups at the baseline. The intervention group showed significant improvements in hopelessness and depressive symptoms. However, the number of cases of suicide ideation and of repetition of self-harm episodes was similar for both groups at the postintervention period. Conclusion: Postdischarge care provided by volunteers showed significant improvement in hopelessness and depression. Volunteers have been commonly involved in suicide prevention services. Further research using rigorous methods is recommended for improving service quality in the long term.

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Attachment Organization in Suicide Prevention Research

Crisis ◽

10.1027/0227-5910/a000231 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 35 (1) ◽

pp. 60-66 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Amanda Venta ◽

Carla Sharp

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Suicidal Ideation ◽

Suicide Attempt ◽

Interpersonal Relationships ◽

Suicide Ideation ◽

Suicide Attempts ◽

Critical Role ◽

Self Report ◽

Future Research ◽

Self Harm

Background: Identifying risk factors for suicide-related thoughts and behaviors (SRTB) is essential among adolescents in whom SRTB remain a leading cause of death. Although many risk factors have already been identified, influential theories now suggest that the domain of interpersonal relationships may play a critical role in the emergence of SRTB. Because attachment has long been seen as the foundation of interpersonal functioning, we suggest that attachment insecurity warrants attention as a risk factor for SRTB. Aims: This study sought to explore relations between attachment organization and suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, and self-harm in an inpatient adolescent sample, controlling for demographic and psychopathological covariates. Method: We recruited 194 adolescents from an inpatient unit and assigned them to one of four attachment groups (secure, preoccupied, dismissing, or disorganized attachment). Interview and self-report measures were used to create four variables reflecting the presence or absence of suicidal ideation in the last year, single lifetime suicide attempt, multiple lifetime suicide attempts, and lifetime self-harm. Results: Chi-square and regression analyses did not reveal significant relations between attachment organization and SRTB, although findings did confirm previously established relations between psychopathology and SRTB, such that internalizing disorder was associated with increased self-harm, suicide ideation, and suicide attempt and externalizing disorder was associated with increased self-harm. Conclusion: The severity of this sample and methodological differences from previous studies may explain the nonsignificant findings. Nonsignificant findings may indicate that the relation between attachment organization and SRTB is moderated by other factors that should be explored in future research.

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The effect of sexual abuse and dissociation on suicide attempt

BMC Psychiatry ◽

10.1186/s12888-021-03662-9 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Silje Støle Brokke ◽

Thomas Bjerregaard Bertelsen ◽

Nils Inge Landrø ◽

Vegard Øksendal Haaland

Keyword(s):

Sexual Abuse ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Suicide Attempt ◽

Indirect Effects ◽

Suicide Ideation ◽

Suicide Attempts ◽

Suicidal Thoughts ◽

Dissociative Experiences ◽

Self Harm

Abstract Background Suicide attempt is the most predictive risk factor of suicide. Trauma – especially sexual abuse – is a risk factor for suicide attempt and suicide. A common reaction to sexual abuse is dissociation. Higher levels of dissociation are linked to self-harm, suicide ideation, and suicide attempt, but the role of dissociation in suicidal behavior is unclear. Methods In this naturalistic study, ninety-seven acute psychiatric patients with suicidal ideation, of whom 32 had experienced sexual abuse, were included. Suicidal behaviour was assessed with The Columbia suicide history form (CSHF). The Brief trauma questionnaire (BTQ) was used to identify sexual abuse. Dissociative symptoms were assessed with Dissociative experiences scale (DES). Results Patients who had experienced sexual abuse reported higher levels of dissociation and were younger at onset of suicidal thoughts, more likely to self-harm, and more likely to have attempted suicide; and they had made more suicide attempts. Mediation analysis found dissociative experiences to significantly mediate a substantive proportion of the relationship between sexual abuse and number of suicide attempts (indirect effects = 0.17, 95% CI = 0.05, 0.28, proportion mediated = 68%). Dissociative experiences significantly mediated the role of sexual abuse as a predictor of being in the patient group with more than four suicide attempts (indirect effects = 0.11, 95% CI = 0.02, 0.19, proportion mediated = 34%). Conclusion The results illustrate the importance of assessment and treatment of sexual abuse and trauma-related symptoms such as dissociation in suicide prevention. Dissociation can be a contributing factor to why some people act on their suicidal thoughts.

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Risk Factors for Suicidal Ideation and Self-Harm among Undergraduate Students in a Private University in Ogun State, Nigeria

African Journal of Health, Nursing and Midwifery ◽

10.52589/ajhnm-02imttgx ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (6) ◽

pp. 29-42

Author(s):

Johnson F.A. ◽

Ogunsanmi L. ◽

Ayokanmi I.

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Suicidal Ideation ◽

Young People ◽

Significant Relationship ◽

Suicide Ideation ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Intrapersonal Factors ◽

Factors Influencing ◽

Point Rating Scale ◽

Self Harm

Background: Today, the most prevalent and the leading cause of death among young people is suicide. Worldwide, suicide accounts for an estimated 6% of all deaths among young people. The study examined the various risk factors for suicidal ideation and self-harm amongst Babcock University undergraduates. Method: Descriptive survey research design was utilized with a multistage sampling technique to select 398 undergraduates. The instrument for data collection was a semi-structured questionnaire that sought information on the environmental, social, and intrapersonal factors influencing suicide ideation and self-harm. Results were presented via means and percentages for descriptive statistics; correlation and regression were used to determine the associations between suicidal ideation and the risk factors. Ethical clearance was sought from Babcock University Health Research Ethics Committee. Results: The distribution of participants showed that 46.0% (183) were males while 54.0% (215) were females. Environmental factors influencing suicidal ideation were computed and measured on a 21-point rating scale with a mean ± SD of 13.38±3.458. The respondents' mean ± SD for the social factors measured on a 27-point rating scale was 17.15±5.772. Correlation analysis showed that suicide ideation had a statistically significant relationship with gender (p<0.01), parents' spousal relationship (p<0.01), environmental (p<0.01), social (p<0.01), and intrapersonal factors (p<0.01). Self-harm had a significant relationship with parents' relationship (p<0.01), environmental (p<0.01), social (p<0.01) and intrapersonal factors (p<0.01). However, the practice of self-harm was not different across the two genders (p = 0.170). Conclusion: Suicidal behaviors have been seen to be a serious public health concern. The prevention and intervention programs of suicide and self-harm should consider the particular characteristics of adolescent suicide and self-harm. This should include social transmission and recognition of mental health disorders.

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Suicide following presentation to emergency departments with suicidal ideation: a population-wide study

International Journal for Population Data Science ◽

10.23889/ijpds.v4i3.1187 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Emma Ross ◽

Aideen Maguire ◽

Denise O'Hagan ◽

Dermot O'Reilly

Keyword(s):

Emergency Departments ◽

Suicide Ideation ◽

Cox Regression ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Risk Of Death ◽

Emergency Department Staff ◽

Completed Suicide ◽

Target Prevention ◽

Self Harm ◽

The Uk

Background Little is known about the association between suicide ideation and completed suicide. As NI has the highest suicide rate in the UK and Ireland it is vital to understand who is most at risk in order to target prevention strategies effectively. Aim To explore the risk factors for completed suicide following presentation with suicide ideation. Methods The Northern Ireland Registry of Self-Harm and Suicide Ideation contains information on all presentations to all Emergency Departments in NI for self-harm and suicide ideation. Data from 2012-2015 were linked to centralised electronic data relating to primary care, prescribed medication and mortality records. Initial analyses were completed to explore the profile of those who present with suicide ideation, and logistic regression was utilised to examine the likelihood of mortality post presentation. Cox regression was utilised to examine the factors associated with completed suicide following presentation with ideation. Results The cohort consisted of 1,483,435 individuals born or resident in NI from 1st January 1970 until 31st December 2015 (maximum age in 2015, 45 years). Between 2012-2015, 4,975 (0.3%) individuals presented with suicide ideation and 583 (0.04%) individuals died by suicide. Ideation is more likely in men compared to women (OR=1.87, 95%CI 1.76,1.98), in those aged 18-24 years, and in more deprived individuals. Of those who presented with ideation, 66 (1.3%) subsequently died by suicide. In fully-adjusted models, those who presented with suicide ideation were 25 times more likely to die by suicide compared to those who did not (HR=25.0, 95%CI 19.3,32.5). Amongst suicide ideators, male gender (HR=2.67, 95% CI 1.39,5.10) and multiple presentations (HR=1.95, 95% CI 1.09,3.50) were associated with the greatest risk of death by suicide. Conclusion These findings could help emergency department staff identify individuals at greatest risk of suicide and could be utilised in the development of targeted intervention strategies.

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Suicide Ideation and Deliberate Self-Harm among Ex-Prisoners of War

Archives of Suicide Research ◽

10.1080/13811118.2013.845123 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 231-248 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Yossi Levi-Belz ◽

Gadi Zerach ◽

Zahava Solomon

Keyword(s):

Suicide Ideation ◽

Prisoners Of War ◽

Deliberate Self Harm ◽

Self Harm

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School- and class-level variation in self-harm, suicide ideation and suicide attempts in Danish high schools

Scandinavian Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1177/1403494818799873 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 47 (2) ◽

pp. 146-156 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Veronica S.C. Pisinger ◽

Keith Hawton ◽

Janne S. Tolstrup

Keyword(s):

High School Students ◽

High Schools ◽

Suicide Ideation ◽

Suicide Attempts ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

School Level ◽

School Students ◽

Class Level ◽

Suicide Behaviour ◽

Self Harm

Aim: Strong associations have been found between being exposed to self-harm in family and friends and own self-harm in adolescence. Therefore, self-harm and suicide behaviour might tend to cluster within school and school classes. The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence, frequency and type of self-harm, suicide ideation and suicide attempts within Danish high schools and to test whether self-harm and suicide behaviour cluster in schools and school classes. Methods: Data came from the Danish National Youth Study 2014, a national survey. The respective study included 66,284 high-school students nested in 117 schools and 3146 school classes. The prevalence and clustering of self-harm behaviour, ever and within the last year, type of self-harm (e.g. cutting, burning, scratching and hitting) and suicide ideation and suicide attempts were investigated. Multi-level logistic regression was applied to quantify clustering among participants within the same class and school. Results: In total, 12,960 (20%) reported self-harm ever and 5706 (8.6%) within the last year. Prevalence was higher among girls than boys. Among girls, cutting (15%) and scratching (13%) was the most common type of self-harm, whereas among boys, hitting (6.7%) was most prevalent. The degree of clustering of self-harm and suicide behaviour was low, with school-level intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC) ranging from 0.8–1.8% and school class level ICC’s from 4.3–6.8%. Conclusions: This study shows that self-harm was common, especially in girls. The degree of clustering of self-harm and suicide behaviour in school and school classes was low.

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Brief psychological intervention after self-harm: randomised controlled trial from Pakistan

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/bjp.bp.113.138370 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 204 (6) ◽

pp. 462-470 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Nusrat Husain ◽

Salahuddin Afsar ◽

Jamal Ara ◽

Hina Fayyaz ◽

Raza ur Rahman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Suicide Ideation ◽

Psychological Intervention ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Healthcare Utilisation ◽

Coping Resources ◽

Secondary Outcome ◽

University Hospitals ◽

Treatment As Usual ◽

Self Harm ◽

Randomised Controlled

BackgroundSelf-harm is a major risk factor for completed suicide.AimsTo determine the efficacy of a brief psychological intervention – culturally adapted manual-assisted problem-solving training (C-MAP) – delivered following an episode of self-harm compared with treatment as usual (TAU).MethodThe study was a randomised controlled assessor-masked clinical trial (trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01308151). All patients admitted after an episode of self-harm during the previous 7 days to the participating medical units of three university hospitals in Karachi, Pakistan, were included in the study. A total of 250 patients were screened and 221 were randomly allocated to C-MAP plus treatment as usual (TAU) or to TAU alone. All patients were assessed at baseline, at 3 months (end of intervention) and at 6 months after baseline. The primary outcome measure was reduction in suicidal ideation at 3 months. The secondary outcome measures included hopelessness, depression, coping resources and healthcare utilisation.ResultsA total of 108 patients were randomised to the C-MAP group and 113 to the TAU group. Patients in the C-MAP group showed statistically significant improvement on the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation and Beck Hopelessness Inventory, which was sustained at 3 months after the completion of C-MAP. There was also a significant reduction in symptoms of depression compared with patients receiving TAU.ConclusionsThe positive outcomes of this brief psychological intervention in patients attempting self-harm are promising and suggest that C-MAP may have a role in suicide prevention.

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THE TREATMENT OF DELIBERATE SELF-HARM IN BORDERLINE PERSONALITY DISORDER USING DIALECTICAL BEHAVIOUR THERAPY: A PILOT STUDY IN A HIGH SECURITY HOSPITAL

Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy ◽

10.1017/s1352465801001096 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

pp. 85-92 ◽

Cited By ~ 42

Author(s):

Gail Low ◽

David Jones ◽

Conor Duggan ◽

Mick Power ◽

Andrew MacLeod

Keyword(s):

Borderline Personality Disorder ◽

Personality Disorder ◽

Suicide Ideation ◽

Borderline Personality ◽

Institutional Setting ◽

Behaviour Therapy ◽

Deliberate Self Harm ◽

Dialectical Behaviour Therapy ◽

Self Harm

Deliberate self-harm (DSH) presents a significant health problem, especially as treatments have not been particularly successful in reducing repetition. Dialectical behaviour therapy (DBT; Linehan, 1993) is one approach that has reported some success in reducing self-harm rates in borderline personality disorder patients, who self-harm frequently, though it remains largely untested outside its original setting. The present study aimed to assess the effectiveness of DBT in self-harming women in an institutional setting in the United Kingdom where self-harm is common. Female patients at Rampton Hospital who were displaying self-harming behaviour and met criteria for borderline personality disorder (N = 10) participated in the full one-year treatment package of DBT. Patients were assessed on self-harm rates and on a number of psychological variables, pre-, during- and post-therapy, including a 6-month follow-up. There was a significant reduction in DSH during therapy, which was maintained at 6-month follow-up. This was paralleled by a reduction in dissociative experiences and an increase in survival and coping beliefs, alongside improvements in depression, suicide ideation, and impulsiveness. The findings are preliminary but the results suggest that DBT might provide an effective treatment for severe self-harm in institutional settings, and also highlight some of the psychological mechanisms that might mediate these improvements in self-harming behaviour.

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