scholarly journals MIKCC-type MADS-box genes in Rosa chinensis: the remarkable expansion of ABCDE model genes and their roles in floral organogenesis

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinyi Liu ◽  
Xiaodong Fu ◽  
Yuwei Dong ◽  
Jun Lu ◽  
Min Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mads Box ◽  
Mads Box Genes ◽  
Floral Organogenesis ◽  
Rosa Chinensis ◽  
Abcde Model

scholarly journals Identification and Characterization of MIKCc-Type MADS-Box Genes in the Flower Organs of Adonis amurensis

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (17) ◽  
pp. 9362
Author(s):  
Lulu Ren ◽  
Hongwei Sun ◽  
Shengyue Dai ◽  
Shuang Feng ◽  
Kun Qiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flowering Time ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Full Length ◽  
Mads Box ◽  
Mads Box Genes ◽  
Motif Analysis ◽  
Floral Organogenesis ◽  
Abcde Model ◽  
Organ Identity ◽  
Flower Organs

Adonis amurensis is a perennial herbaceous flower that blooms in early spring in northeast China, where the night temperature can drop to −15 °C. To understand flowering time regulation and floral organogenesis of A. amurensis, the MIKCc-type MADS (Mcm1/Agamous/ Deficiens/Srf)-box genes were identified and characterized from the transcriptomes of the flower organs. In this study, 43 non-redundant MADS-box genes (38 MIKCc, 3 MIKC*, and 2 Mα) were identified. Phylogenetic and conserved motif analysis divided the 38 MIKCc-type genes into three major classes: ABCDE model (including AP1/FUL, AP3/PI, AG, STK, and SEPs/AGL6), suppressor of overexpression of constans1 (SOC1), and short vegetative phase (SVP). qPCR analysis showed that the ABCDE model genes were highly expressed mainly in flowers and differentially expressed in the different tissues of flower organs, suggesting that they may be involved in the flower organ identity of A. amurensis. Subcellular localization revealed that 17 full-length MADSs were mainly localized in the nucleus: in Arabidopsis, the heterologous expression of three full-length SOC1-type genes caused early flowering and altered the expression of endogenous flowering time genes. Our analyses provide an overall insight into MIKCc genes in A. amurensis and their potential roles in floral organogenesis and flowering time regulation.

scholarly journals The Orchid MADS-Box Genes Controlling Floral Morphogenesis

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 1933-1944 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Chieh Tsai ◽  
Hong-Hwa Chen
Keyword(s):  
Floral Organ ◽  
Mads Box ◽  
Mads Box Genes ◽  
Floral Diversity ◽  
Physiological Properties ◽  
Abcde Model ◽  
New Variant ◽  
Organ Identity ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Highly Evolved

Orchids are known for both their floral diversity and ecological strategies. The versatility and specialization in orchid floral morphology, structure, and physiological properties have fascinated botanists for centuries. In floral studies, MADS-box genes contributing to the now famous ABCDE model of floral organ identity control have dominated conceptual thinking. The sophisticated orchid floral organization offers an opportunity to discover new variant genes and different levels of complexity to the ABCDE model. Recently, several remarkable research studies done on orchid MADS-box genes have revealed the important roles on orchid floral development. Knowledge about MADS-box genes’' encoding ABCDE functions in orchids will give insights into the highly evolved floral morphogenetic networks of orchids.

scholarly journals Transcript Profiling of MIKCc MADS-Box Genes Reveals Conserved and Novel Roles in Barley Inflorescence Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hendrik N. J. Kuijer ◽  
Neil J. Shirley ◽  
Shi F. Khor ◽  
Jin Shi ◽  
Julian Schwerdt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Floral Organ ◽  
Transcript Analysis ◽  
Mads Box ◽  
Mads Box Genes ◽  
Inflorescence Development ◽  
Abcde Model ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Dicotyledonous Plants ◽  
Range Of Functions

MADS-box genes have a wide range of functions in plant reproductive development and grain production. The ABCDE model of floral organ development shows that MADS-box genes are central players in these events in dicotyledonous plants but the applicability of this model remains largely unknown in many grass crops. Here, we show that transcript analysis of all MIKCc MADS-box genes through barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) inflorescence development reveals co-expression groups that can be linked to developmental events. Thirty-four MIKCc MADS-box genes were identified in the barley genome and single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) scanning of 22,626 barley varieties revealed that the natural variation in the coding regions of these genes is low and the sequences have been extremely conserved during barley domestication. More detailed transcript analysis showed that MADS-box genes are generally expressed at key inflorescence developmental phases and across various floral organs in barley, as predicted by the ABCDE model. However, expression patterns of some MADS genes, for example HvMADS58 (AGAMOUS subfamily) and HvMADS34 (SEPALLATA subfamily), clearly deviate from predicted patterns. This places them outside the scope of the classical ABCDE model of floral development and demonstrates that the central tenet of antagonism between A- and C-class gene expression in the ABC model of other plants does not occur in barley. Co-expression across three correlation sets showed that specifically grouped members of the barley MIKCc MADS-box genes are likely to be involved in developmental events driving inflorescence meristem initiation, floral meristem identity and floral organ determination. Based on these observations, we propose a potential floral ABCDE working model in barley, where the classic model is generally upheld, but that also provides new insights into the role of MIKCc MADS-box genes in the developing barley inflorescence.

scholarly journals Genome-wide identification and characterization of the MADS-box gene family in Salix suchowensis

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e8019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanshu Qu ◽  
Changwei Bi ◽  
Bing He ◽  
Ning Ye ◽  
Tongming Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Family ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Evolutionary Analysis ◽  
Mads Box ◽  
Mads Box Genes ◽  
Floral Organogenesis ◽  
Functional Studies ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
Mads Box Gene

MADS-box genes encode transcription factors that participate in various plant growth and development processes, particularly floral organogenesis. To date, MADS-box genes have been reported in many species, the completion of the sequence of the willow genome provides us with the opportunity to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the willow MADS-box gene family. Here, we identified 60 willow MADS-box genes using bioinformatics-based methods and classified them into 22 M-type (11 Mα, seven Mβ and four Mγ) and 38 MIKC-type (32 MIKCc and six MIKC*) genes based on a phylogenetic analysis. Fifty-six of the 60 SsMADS genes were randomly distributed on 19 putative willow chromosomes. By combining gene structure analysis with evolutionary analysis, we found that the MIKC-type genes were more conserved and played a more important role in willow growth. Further study showed that the MIKC* type was a transition between the M-type and MIKC-type. Additionally, the number of MADS-box genes in gymnosperms was notably lower than that in angiosperms. Finally, the expression profiles of these willow MADS-box genes were analysed in five different tissues (root, stem, leave, bud and bark) and validated by RT-qPCR experiments. This study is the first genome-wide analysis of the willow MADS-box gene family, and the results establish a basis for further functional studies of willow MADS-box genes and serve as a reference for related studies of other woody plants.

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Identification and Analysis of the MADS-Box Gene Family in American Beautyberry (Callicarpa americana)

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1805
Author(s):  
Tareq Alhindi ◽  
Ayed M. Al-Abdallat
Keyword(s):  
Gene Family ◽  
Type I ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Mads Box ◽  
Mads Box Genes ◽  
Floral Organogenesis ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Organ Identity ◽  
Mads Box Gene

The MADS-box gene family encodes a number of transcription factors that play key roles in various plant growth and development processes from response to environmental cues to cell differentiation and organ identity, especially the floral organogenesis, as in the prominent ABCDE model of flower development. Recently, the genome of American beautyberry (Callicarpa americana) has been sequenced. It is a shrub native to the southern region of United States with edible purple-colored berries; it is a member of the Lamiaceae family, a family of medical and agricultural importance. Seventy-eight MADS-box genes were identified from 17 chromosomes of the C. americana assembled genome. Peptide sequences blast and analysis of phylogenetic relationships with MADS-box genes of Sesame indicum, Solanum lycopersicum, Arabidopsis thaliana, and Amborella trichopoda were performed. Genes were separated into 32 type I and 46 type II MADS-box genes. C. americana MADS-box genes were clustered into four groups: MIKCC, MIKC*, Mα-type, and Mγ-type, while the Mβ-type group was absent. Analysis of the gene structure revealed that from 1 to 15 exons exist in C. americana MADS-box genes. The number of exons in type II MADS-box genes (5–15) greatly exceeded the number in type I genes (1–9). The motif distribution analysis of the two types of MADS-box genes showed that type II MADS-box genes contained more motifs than type I genes. These results suggested that C. americana MADS-box genes type II had more complex structures and might have more diverse functions. The role of MIKC-type MADS-box genes in flower and fruit development was highlighted when the expression profile was analyzed in different organs transcriptomes. This study is the first genome-wide analysis of the C. americana MADS-box gene family, and the results will further support any functional and evolutionary studies of C. americana MADS-box genes and serve as a reference for related studies of other plants in the medically important Lamiaceae family.

scholarly journals Genome-wide identification of MADS-box gene family in sacred lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) identifies a SEPALLATA homolog gene involved in floral development

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongyuan Lin ◽  
Dingding Cao ◽  
Rebecca Njeri Damaris ◽  
Pingfang Yang
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Gene Family ◽  
Flower Development ◽  
Nelumbo Nucifera ◽  
Mads Box ◽  
Mads Box Genes ◽  
Floral Organogenesis ◽  
Sacred Lotus ◽  
Lotus Flower ◽  
Mads Box Gene

Abstract Background Sacred lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) is a vital perennial aquatic ornamental plant. Its flower shape determines the horticultural and ornamental values. However, the mechanisms underlying lotus flower development are still elusive. MADS-box transcription factors are crucial in various features of plant development, especially in floral organogenesis and specification. It is still unknown how the MADS-box transcription factors regulate the floral organogenesis in lotus. Results To obtain a comprehensive insight into the functions of MADS-box genes in sacred lotus flower development, we systematically characterized members of this gene family based on the available genome information. A total of 44 MADS-box genes were identified, of which 16 type I and 28 type II genes were categorized based on the phylogenetic analysis. Furthermore, the structure of MADS-box genes and their expressional patterns were also systematically analyzed. Additionally, subcellular localization analysis showed that they are mainly localized in the nucleus, of which a SEPALLATA3 (SEP3) homolog NnMADS14 was proven to be involved in the floral organogenesis. Conclusion These results provide some fundamental information about the MADS-box gene family and their functions, which might be helpful in not only understanding the mechanisms of floral organogenesis but also breeding of high ornamental value cultivars in lotus.

scholarly journals Genome-wide identification of MIKC-type genes related to stamen and gynoecium development in Liriodendron

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huanhuan Liu ◽  
Lichun Yang ◽  
Zhonghua Tu ◽  
Shenghua Zhu ◽  
Chengge Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Mads Box ◽  
Interspecies Difference ◽  
Mads Box Genes ◽  
Relict Species ◽  
Floral Organogenesis ◽  
New Genes ◽  
Genome Wide

AbstractThe organogenesis and development of reproductive organs, i.e., stamen and gynoecium, are important floral characteristics that are closely related to pollinators and reproductive fitness. As a genus from Magnoliaceae, Liriodendron has only two relict species: L. chinense and L. tulipifera. Despite the similar flower shapes of these species, their natural seed-setting rates differ significantly, implying interspecies difference in floral organogenesis and development. MADS-box genes, which participate in floral organogenesis and development, remain unexplored in Liriodendron. Here, to explore the interspecies difference in floral organogenesis and development and identify MADS-box genes in Liriodendron, we examined the stamen and gynoecium primordia of the two Liriodendron species by scanning electron microscopy combined with paraffin sectioning, and then collected two types of primordia for RNA-seq. A total of 12 libraries were constructed and 42,268 genes were identified, including 35,269 reference genes and 6,999 new genes. Monoterpenoid biosynthesis was enriched in L. tulipifera. Genome-wide analysis of 32 MADS-box genes was conducted, including phylogenetic trees, exon/intron structures, and conserved motif distributions. Twenty-six genes were anchored on 17 scaffolds, and six new genes had no location information. The expression profiles of MIKC-type genes via RT-qPCR acrossing six stamen and gynoecium developmental stages indicates that the PI-like, AG/STK-like, SEP-like, and SVP-like genes may contribute to the species-specific differentiation of the organogenesis and development of reproductive organs in Liriodendron. Our findings laid the groundwork for the future exploration of the mechanism underlying on the interspecific differences in reproductive organ development and fitness in Liriodendron.

scholarly journals Genome-wide identification and characterization of the MADS-box gene family in Salix suchowensis

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanshu Qu ◽  
Changwei Bi ◽  
Bing He ◽  
Ning Ye ◽  
Tongming Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Family ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Evolutionary Analysis ◽  
Mads Box ◽  
Mads Box Genes ◽  
Floral Organogenesis ◽  
Functional Studies ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
Mads Box Gene

MADS-box genes encode transcription factors that participate in various plant growth and development processes, particularly floral organogenesis. To date, MADS-box genes have been reported in many species, the completion of the sequence of the willow genome provides us with the opportunity to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the willow MADS-box gene family. Here, we identified 60 willow MADS-box genes using bioinformatics-based methods and classified them into 22 M-type (11 Mα, 7 Mβ and 4 Mγ) and 38 MIKC-type (32 MIKCc and 6 MIKC*) genes based on a phylogenetic analysis. Fifty-six of the 60 SsMADS genes were randomly distributed on 19 putative willow chromosomes. By combining gene structure analysis with evolutionary analysis, we found that the MIKC-type genes were more conserved and played a more important role in willow growth. Further study showed that the MIKC* type was a transition between the M-type and MIKC-type. Additionally, the number of MADS-box genes in gymnosperms was notably lower than that in angiosperms. Finally, the expression profiles of these willow MADS-box genes were analysed in five different tissues (root, stem, leave, bud and bark). This study is the first genome-wide analysis of the willow MADS-box gene family, and the results establish a basis for further functional studies of willow MADS-box genes and serve as a reference for related studies of other woody plants.

scholarly journals Genome-wide identification and characterization of the MADS-box gene family in Salix suchowensis

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanshu Qu ◽  
Changwei Bi ◽  
Bing He ◽  
Ning Ye ◽  
Tongming Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Family ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Evolutionary Analysis ◽  
Mads Box ◽  
Mads Box Genes ◽  
Floral Organogenesis ◽  
Functional Studies ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
Mads Box Gene

MADS-box genes encode transcription factors that participate in various plant growth and development processes, particularly floral organogenesis. To date, MADS-box genes have been reported in many species, the completion of the sequence of the willow genome provides us with the opportunity to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the willow MADS-box gene family. Here, we identified 60 willow MADS-box genes using bioinformatics-based methods and classified them into 22 M-type (11 Mα, 7 Mβ and 4 Mγ) and 38 MIKC-type (32 MIKCc and 6 MIKC*) genes based on a phylogenetic analysis. Fifty-six of the 60 SsMADS genes were randomly distributed on 19 putative willow chromosomes. By combining gene structure analysis with evolutionary analysis, we found that the MIKC-type genes were more conserved and played a more important role in willow growth. Further study showed that the MIKC* type was a transition between the M-type and MIKC-type. Additionally, the number of MADS-box genes in gymnosperms was notably lower than that in angiosperms. Finally, the expression profiles of these willow MADS-box genes were analysed in five different tissues (root, stem, leave, bud and bark). This study is the first genome-wide analysis of the willow MADS-box gene family, and the results establish a basis for further functional studies of willow MADS-box genes and serve as a reference for related studies of other woody plants.

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