scholarly journals Association of dietary patterns and endoscopic gastric mucosal atrophy in an adult Chinese population

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Song Lin ◽  
Tao Gao ◽  
Chongxiu Sun ◽  
Mengru Jia ◽  
Chengxia Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Mucosal Atrophy ◽  
Gastric Mucosal Atrophy ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Group Frequency ◽  
H Pylori

Abstract Atrophy gastritis harbor a high risk for the development of dysplasia and gastric cancer. The study investigated the relationships of specific dietary patterns and endoscopic gastric mucosal atrophy. In this cross-sectional study, we enrolled 574 consecutive outpatients who were diagnosed as chronic gastritis according to endoscopic examination. Dietary intakes of study individuals was assessed using the semi-quantitative food group frequency questionnaire. Logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the relationship between dietary patterns and endoscopic gastric mucosal atrophy adjusted for potential confounders. A total of 574 participants were included, 286 with endoscopic gastric mucosal atrophy. Three dietary patterns were identified by factor analysis. “Alcohol and fish” (tertile 1 vs. tertile 3: adjusted odds ratio = 1.85, 95% confidence interval: 1.06–3.22) and “coarse cereals” (tertile 1 vs. tertile 3: adjusted odds ratio = 2.05, 95% confidence interval: 1.24–3.39) were associated with an increased risk for endoscopic gastric mucosal atrophy but a “traditional” pattern was not. Dietary pattern was not associated with gastric mucosal atrophy in women or in participants with H. pylori infection. A high adherence to both “Alcohol and Fish” and “Coarse cereals” dietary patterns seem to be associated with higher odds of endoscopic gastric mucosal atrophy in men and in patients without H. pylori infection. Further prospective cohort studies needed to confirm these findings.

scholarly journals The association of gout with an increased risk of hypertension and diabetes mellitus among stroke survivors in New Zealand: A cross-sectional study using routinely collected electronic health data

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 204800401986323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dina Eufemia D San Gabriel ◽  
Julia Slark
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Stroke Survivors ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk

Background There is a paucity of data relating to the association of gout with the occurrence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus in patients with stroke. This study aimed to determine the association of gout with the risk of hypertension and diabetes mellitus in a cohort of stroke patients from Auckland, Aotearoa New Zealand. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among stroke survivors in South and East Auckland, New Zealand from the years 2010 to 2014. Electronic health record data were collected and analysed using Statistical Package for Social Science version 23. Multivariate logistic regression modelling adjusted for age, gender, and ethnicity was conducted to determine the association of gout with the risk of hypertension and diabetes mellitus in patients discharged with a diagnosis of stroke. Results The age-, gender-, and ethnicity-adjusted odds ratio for having hypertension and diabetes mellitus among stroke survivors with gout history were 3.25 (95% confidence interval 1.32–8.03) and 1.94 (95% confidence interval 1.12–3.36), respectively. Māori stroke survivors with gout history had the highest risk of having diabetes mellitus with age- and gender-adjusted odds ratio of 5.10 (95% confidence interval 1.90–18.93). Conclusion The findings from this study suggest gout may be independently associated with an increased risk of hypertension and diabetes mellitus in patients with stroke. Māori who are the indigenous population of New Zealand show a greater risk of diabetes mellitus associated with a gout diagnosis compared to other populations. This finding highlights the importance of the need for further research with Māori stroke survivors and other indigenous populations.

scholarly journals Association between hydroxocobalamin administration and acute kidney injury after smoke inhalation: a multicenter retrospective study

Critical Care ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
François Dépret ◽  
Clément Hoffmann ◽  
Laura Daoud ◽  
Camille Thieffry ◽  
Laure Monplaisir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Smoke Inhalation ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background The use of hydroxocobalamin has long been advocated for treating suspected cyanide poisoning after smoke inhalation. Intravenous hydroxocobalamin has however been shown to cause oxalate nephropathy in a single-center study. The impact of hydroxocobalamin on the risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) and survival after smoke inhalation in a multicenter setting remains unexplored. Methods We conducted a multicenter retrospective study in 21 intensive care units (ICUs) in France. We included patients admitted to an ICU for smoke inhalation between January 2011 and December 2017. We excluded patients discharged at home alive within 24 h of admission. We assessed the risk of AKI (primary endpoint), severe AKI, major adverse kidney (MAKE) events, and survival (secondary endpoints) after administration of hydroxocobalamin using logistic regression models. Results Among 854 patients screened, 739 patients were included. Three hundred six and 386 (55.2%) patients received hydroxocobalamin. Mortality in ICU was 32.9% (n = 243). Two hundred eighty-eight (39%) patients developed AKI, including 186 (25.2%) who developed severe AKI during the first week. Patients who received hydroxocobalamin were more severe and had higher mortality (38.1% vs 27.2%, p = 0.0022). The adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of AKI after intravenous hydroxocobalamin was 1.597 (1.055, 2.419) and 1.772 (1.137, 2.762) for severe AKI; intravenous hydroxocobalamin was not associated with survival or MAKE with an adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of 1.114 (0.691, 1.797) and 0.784 (0.456, 1.349) respectively. Conclusion Hydroxocobalamin was associated with an increased risk of AKI and severe AKI but was not associated with survival after smoke inhalation. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03558646

scholarly journals HHV-6 reactivation and its effect on delirium and cognitive functioning in hematopoietic cell transplantation recipients

Blood ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 117 (19) ◽  
pp. 5243-5249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle M. Zerr ◽  
Jesse R. Fann ◽  
David Breiger ◽  
Michael Boeckh ◽  
Amanda L. Adler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Cell Transplantation ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation ◽  
Hematopoietic Cell ◽  
Central Nervous System Dysfunction ◽  
Increased Risk

AbstractHuman herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) is detected in the plasma of approximately 40% of patients undergoing hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) and sporadically causes encephalitis in this population. The effect of HHV-6 reactivation on central nervous system function has not been fully characterized. This prospective study aimed to evaluate associations between HHV-6 reactivation and central nervous system dysfunction after allogeneic HCT. Patients were enrolled before HCT. Plasma samples were tested for HHV-6 at baseline and twice weekly after transplantation until day 84. Delirium was assessed at baseline, 3 times weekly until day 56, and weekly on days 56 to 84 using a validated instrument. Neurocognitive testing was performed at baseline and at approximately day 84. HHV-6 was detected in 111 (35%) of the 315 included patients. Patients with HHV-6 were more likely to develop delirium (adjusted odds ratio = 2.5; 95% confidence interval, 1.2-5.3) and demonstrate neurocognitive decline (adjusted odds ratio = 2.6; 95% confidence interval, 1.1-6.2) in the first 84 days after HCT. Cord blood and unrelated transplantation increased risk of HHV-6 reactivation. These data provide the basis to conduct a randomized clinical trial to determine whether prevention of HHV-6 reactivation will reduce neurocognitive morbidity in HCT recipients.

scholarly journals Trimethoprim Use prior to Pregnancy and the Risk of Congenital Malformation: A Register-Based Nationwide Cohort Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon Trærup Andersen ◽  
Morten Petersen ◽  
Espen Jimenez-Solem ◽  
Jeppe Nørgaard Rasmussen ◽  
Nadia Lyhne Andersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Congenital Malformation ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Congenital Malformations ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Limb Defects ◽  
Major Congenital Malformation ◽  
Increased Risk

Objectives. The aim of the study was to investigate whether the use of the antifolate antibiotic trimethoprim during the 12 weeks before conception was associated with congenital malformations.Methods. We conducted a nationwide register-based cohort study including all Danish women giving birth from 1997 to 2004. All women with at least one prescription of trimethoprim dispensed during the 12 weeks before conception were identified.Results. There was a doubling of congenital malformations in offspring to women exposed to trimethoprim in the 12 weeks before conception. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) of major congenital malformation was 1.87, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.25–2.81. There was a significant increase in major malformations of the heart (OR=2.49; 1.18–5.26) and limbs (OR=2.18; 1.13–4.23).Conclusions. In this study, we found an association between exposure to trimethoprim during the 12 weeks before conception and an increased risk of heart and limb defects.

scholarly journals The association between migraine and hospital readmission due to pain after surgery: A hospital registry study

Cephalalgia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 286-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina Platzbecker ◽  
Megan Behua Zhang ◽  
Tobias Kurth ◽  
Maira Isabella Rudolph ◽  
Katharina Eikermann-Haerter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Hospital Readmission ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Migraine Without Aura ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Surgical Patients ◽  
Day Hospital ◽  
Registry Study ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Hospital Registry

Background Migraine has been identified as a risk factor of 30-day hospital readmission after surgery. We aimed to further characterize this association examining pain as a potentially migraine-associated, preventable reason for readmission. Hypothesis Compared to patients with no migraine, surgical patients with migraine are at increased risk of 30-day hospital readmission with an admitting diagnosis specifying pain. Methods This hospital registry study examined 150,710 patients aged 18 years and above, who underwent surgery with general anesthesia and mechanical ventilation between 2007 and 2015 at a tertiary care center and two affiliated community hospitals in Massachusetts, USA. Results Migraine was associated with an increased risk of 30-day pain-related readmission after surgery (adjusted odds ratio 1.42 [95% confidence interval 1.15–1.75]). The association was stronger for migraine with aura (compared to migraine without aura: Adjusted odds ratio 1.69 [95% confidence interval 1.06–2.70]; compared to no migraine: Adjusted odds ratio 2.20 [95% confidence interval 1.44–3.37]). The predicted adjusted risk of pain-related 30-day readmissions was 9.1 [95% confidence interval 5.3–13.0] in 1000 surgical patients with migraine with aura and 5.4 [95% confidence interval 4.2–6.6] in 1000 patients with migraine without aura, compared to 4.2 [95% confidence interval 3.8–4.5] in 1000 patients with no migraine. Furthermore, migraine was associated with an increased risk of postsurgical 30-day readmission due to a priori defined migraine-related pain (headache or abdominal pain) (adjusted odds ratio 1.55 [95% confidence interval 1.20–2.00]). Conclusion Patients with migraine undergoing surgery are at increased risk of 30-day hospital readmission due to pain.

scholarly journals Genetic variants of SULT1A1 and XRCC1 genes and risk of lung cancer in Bangladeshi population

Tumor Biology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (11) ◽  
pp. 101042831772927 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tasnova Tasnim ◽  
Mir Md Abdullah Al-Mamun ◽  
Noor Ahmed Nahid ◽  
Md Reazul Islam ◽  
Mohd Nazmul Hasan Apu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Lung Cancer Risk ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Functional Polymorphisms ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Bangladeshi Population

Lung cancer is one of the most frequently occurring cancers throughout the world as well as in Bangladesh. This study aimed to correlate the prognostic and/or predictive value of functional polymorphisms in SULT1A1 (rs9282861) and XRCC1 (rs25487) genes and lung cancer risk in Bangladeshi population. A case-control study was conducted which comprises 202 lung cancer patients and 242 healthy volunteers taking into account the age, sex, and smoking status. After isolation of genomic DNA, genotyping was done by polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism method and the lung cancer risk was evaluated as odds ratio that was adjusted for age, sex, and smoking status. A significant association was found between SULT1A1 rs9282861 and XRCC1 rs25487 polymorphisms and lung cancer risk. In case of rs9282861 polymorphism, Arg/His (adjusted odds ratio = 5.06, 95% confidence interval = 3.05–8.41, p < 0.05) and His/His (adjusted odds ratio = 3.88, 95% confidence interval = 2.20–6.82, p < 0.05) genotypes were strongly associated with increased risk of lung cancer in comparison to the Arg/Arg genotype. In case of rs25487 polymorphism, Arg/Gln heterozygote (adjusted odds ratio = 4.57, 95% confidence interval = 2.79–7.46, p < 0.05) and Gln/Gln mutant homozygote (adjusted odds ratio = 4.99, 95% confidence interval = 2.66–9.36, p < 0.05) were also found to be significantly associated with increased risk of lung cancer. This study demonstrates that the presence of His allele and Gln allele in case of SULT1A1 rs9282861 and XRCC1 rs25487, respectively, involve in lung cancer prognosis in Bangladeshi population.

scholarly journals Risk factors for major bleeding in the SEATTLE II trial

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Immad Sadiq ◽  
Samuel Z Goldhaber ◽  
Ping-Yu Liu ◽  
Gregory Piazza ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Major Bleeding ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Venous Access ◽  
Filter Placement ◽  
Increased Risk

Ultrasound-facilitated, catheter-directed, low-dose fibrinolysis minimizes the risk of intracranial bleeding compared with systemic full-dose fibrinolytic therapy for pulmonary embolism (PE). However, major bleeding is nevertheless a potential complication. We analyzed the 150-patient SEATTLE II trial of submassive and massive PE patients to describe those who suffered major bleeding events following ultrasound-facilitated, catheter-directed, low-dose fibrinolysis and to identify risk factors for bleeding. Major bleeding was defined as GUSTO severe/life-threatening or moderate bleeds within 72 hours of initiation of the procedure. Of the 15 patients with major bleeding, four (26.6%) developed access site-related bleeding. Multiple venous access attempts were more frequent in the major bleeding group (27.6% vs 3.6%; p<0.001). All patients with major bleeding had femoral vein access for device delivery. Patients who developed major bleeding had a longer intensive care stay (6.8 days vs 4.7 days; p=0.004) and longer hospital stay (12.9 days vs 8.4 days; p=0.004). The frequency of inferior vena cava filter placement was 40% in patients with major bleeding compared with 13% in those without major bleeding ( p=0.02). Massive PE (adjusted odds ratio 3.6; 95% confidence interval 1.01–12.9; p=0.049) and multiple venous access attempts (adjusted odds ratio 10.09; 95% confidence interval 1.98–51.46; p=0.005) were independently associated with an increased risk of major bleeding. In conclusion, strategies for improving venous access should be implemented to reduce the risk of major bleeding associated with ultrasound-facilitated, catheter-directed, low-dose fibrinolysis. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01513759; EKOS Corporation 10.13039/100006522

Natural course of mild cognitive impairment in Parkinson disease

Neurology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 88 (8) ◽  
pp. 767-774 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenn Freddy Pedersen ◽  
Jan Petter Larsen ◽  
Ole-Bjørn Tysnes ◽  
Guido Alves
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Parkinson Disease ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Neuropsychological Testing ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Normal Cognition

Objective:To examine the incidence, progression, and reversion of mild cognitive impairment in patients with Parkinson disease (PD-MCI) over 5 years.Methods:A population-based cohort of patients with incident PD underwent repeated neuropsychological testing of attention, executive function, memory, and visuospatial abilities at baseline (n = 178), 1 year (n = 175), 3 years (n = 163), and 5 years (n = 150). Patients were classified as PD-MCI and diagnosed with dementia according to published criteria.Results:Thirty-six patients (20.2%) fulfilled criteria for PD-MCI at baseline. Among those with normal cognition at baseline (n = 142), the cumulative incidence of PD-MCI was 9.9% after 1 year, 23.2% after 3 years, and 28.9% after 5 years of follow-up. Overall, 39.1% of patients with baseline or incident PD-MCI progressed to dementia during the 5-year study period. The conversion rate to dementia was 59.1% in patients with persistent PD-MCI at 1 year vs 7.2% in those with normal cognition during the first year (adjusted odds ratio 16.6, 95% confidence interval 5.1–54.7, p < 0.001). A total of 27.8% of patients with baseline PD-MCI and 24.2% of those with incident PD-MCI had reverted to normal cognition at study end, but the reversion rate decreased to 9.4% in those with persistent PD-MCI at 2 consecutive visits. Compared with cognitively normal patients, PD-MCI reverters within the first 3 years of follow-up were at increased risk of subsequently developing dementia (adjusted odds ratio 10.7, 95% confidence interval 1.5–78.5, p = 0.019).Conclusions:Early PD-MCI, regardless of persistence or reversion to normal cognition, has prognostic value for predicting dementia in patients with PD.

Elevated trimethylamine N-oxide related to ischemic brain lesions after carotid artery stenting

Neurology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 90 (15) ◽  
pp. e1283-e1290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuanjie Wu ◽  
Chuanhui Li ◽  
Wenbo Zhao ◽  
Nanchang Xie ◽  
Feng Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Carotid Artery Stenting ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Brain Lesions ◽  
Ischemic Brain ◽  
Increased Risk

ObjectivesTo investigate whether the plasma level of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a proatherosclerotic intestinal microbiota metabolite, can be a predictor of ischemic brain injury secondary to carotid artery stenting (CAS).MethodsIn this multicenter, prospective cohort study, we enrolled patients with severe carotid artery stenosis (>70%) who were prepared for CAS. Plasma TMAO level was measured within 3 days before CAS, and MRI was performed 1 to 3 days after CAS.ResultsThe mean age of the 268 eligible patients was 64.4 years. New lesions on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) were detected in 117 patients (43.7%). TMAO level was higher in patients with new (DWI) lesions than in patients without new lesions (median 5.2 vs 3.2 µmol/L; p < 0.001). Increased plasma TMAO levels were associated with an increased risk of having new lesions on DWI after CAS (adjusted odds ratio for the highest vs lowest quartile, 3.85; 95% confidence interval, 1.37–7.56, p < 0.001; adjusted odds ratio for the third vs lowest quartile, 1.86; 95% confidence interval, 1.09–4.66, p = 0.02). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of TMAO was 0.706 for new lesions on DWI, and the optimal cutoff value was 4.29 µmol/L. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of TMAO levels ≥4.29 µmol/L for predicting new lesions on DWI were 61.5%, 74.8%, 65.5%, and 65.5%, respectively.ConclusionsIncreased TMAO levels are associated with an increased risk of new ischemic brain lesions on post-CAS MRI scans.

A National Survey of Hearing Loss in the Philippines

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 235-241
Author(s):  
John P. Newall ◽  
Norberto Martinez ◽  
De Wet Swanepoel ◽  
Catherine M. McMahon
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
National Survey ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Profound Hearing Loss ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Middle Ear Disease

This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of hearing loss in the Philippines using a nationally representative sample. A cross-sectional national survey was undertaken utilizing a 3-stage stratified cluster design. Participants in the present study comprised 2275 adults and children with pure tone hearing assessment results. Prevalence of moderate or worse hearing loss, defined as 4FA ≥41 dBHL, was 7.5% in children <18 years, 14.7% in adults between 18 and 65 years, and 49.1% in adults >65 years. Factors associated with greater risk of moderate hearing loss in the better ear were presence of a middle ear condition (adjusted odds ratio = 2.39, 95% confidence interval = 1.49-3.85) and socioeconomic status (household income; adjusted odds ratio = 1.64, 95% confidence interval = 1.23-2.19). Age was also associated with increased risk, with adjusted odds ratios varying with age category. Prevalence of wax occlusion and outer and middle ear disease was 12.2% and 14.2%, respectively. Prevalence of hearing loss, outer, and middle ear disease appear comparatively high in the Philippines when compared with rates reported in high-income countries. Higher proportions of severe to profound hearing loss were also identified, indicating that there is both an increased prevalence and severity of hearing loss in this population.

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