scholarly journals Hierarchical H-ZSM5 zeolites based on natural kaolinite as a high-performance catalyst for methanol to aromatic hydrocarbons conversion

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Asghari ◽  
Mohammadreza Khanmohammadi Khorrami ◽  
Sayed Habib Kazemi
Keyword(s):  
Pore Size ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Direct Synthesis ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Methanol Conversion ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Good Prospect

AbstractThe present work introduces a good prospect for the development of hierarchical catalysts with excellent catalytic performance in the methanol to aromatic hydrocarbons conversion (MTA) process. Hierarchical H-ZSM5 zeolites, with a tailored pore size and different Si/Al ratios, were synthesized directly using natural kaolin clay as a low-cost silica and aluminium resource. Further explored for the direct synthesis of hierarchical HZSM-5 structures was the steam assisted conversion (SAC) with a cost-effective and green affordable saccharide source of high fructose corn syrup (HFCS), as a secondary mesopore agent. The fabricated zeolites exhibiting good crystallinity, 2D and 3D nanostructures, high specific surface area, tailored pore size, and tunable acidity. Finally, the catalyst performance in the conversion of methanol to aromatic hydrocarbons was tested in a fixed bed reactor. The synthesized H-ZSM5 catalysts exhibited superior methanol conversion (over 100 h up to 90%) and selectivity (over 85%) in the methanol conversion to aromatic hydrocarbon products.

Effect of Silica Base Catalyst on Transformation of Methanol to Hydrocarbon

2017 ◽  
Vol 751 ◽  
pp. 512-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Supranee Lao-Ubol ◽  
Phunthinee Somwongsa ◽  
Pracha Laoauyporn ◽  
Pasinee Panith ◽  
Siriporn Larpkiattaworn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pore Diameter ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Methanol Conversion ◽  
Liquid Hydrocarbon ◽  
Product Distribution ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Zeolite Catalysts ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Phosphorus Species ◽  
Methanol To Hydrocarbon

Five different types of silica catalyst (SBA-15, SBA-15-PO3H2, and three different Si/Al ratio of commercial zeolites (30, 80 and 280) were used to study the transformation of methanol to hydrocarbon (MTH). The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of pore diameter and acidity in the structure of silica catalysts on the process performances in terms of methanol conversion and hydrocarbon selectivity. The mesoporous silica catalysts were prepared by co-condensation method. The catalysts samples were characterized by GC-MS, XRD, BET, and NH3-TPD techniques. The catalytic performance of synthesized and commercial catalysts for MTH process was evaluated using a homemade fixed bed reactor at temperature (300°C). It was found that the liquid hydrocarbon product provided by zeolite catalysts is aromatic hydrocarbons-rich. High Si/Al zeolites with larger pore size lead to higher selectivity and yield to paraffins (C1-C7). In contrast to commercial zeolite catalyst, SBA-15 and its modification with phosphorus species showed no conversion under studied condition. These results indicate that both pore diameter and acidity influence the product distribution in methanol to hydrocarbon process.

Dimethyl Ether Synthesis via Methanol Dehydration over Diatomite Catalyst Modified Using Hydrochloric Acid

2014 ◽  
Vol 931-932 ◽  
pp. 42-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Watcharakorn Pranee ◽  
Pornsawan Assawasaengrat ◽  
Arthit Neramittagapong ◽  
Sutasinee Neramittagapong
Keyword(s):  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Dimethyl Ether ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Methanol Conversion ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Methanol Dehydration ◽  
Dimethyl Ether Synthesis ◽  
Ether Synthesis

The synthesis of dimethyl ether via methanol dehydration has been carried out over untreated-diatomite catalyst (DM) and hydrochloric acid modified treatment on diatomite catalyst (DMHC). The reactions were carried out in a fixed-bed reactor. The effects of hydrochloric acid modifications of diatomite on its catalytic performance were studied. The characterization such as XRD, SEM, FT-IR and FT-Raman had no deformation after HCl-modified treatment on catalysts. DMHC catalyst apparently gave the higher methanol conversion rate than DM due to the acidity while the selectivity of dimethyl ether from 250 to 350°C was slightly changed. The acidity was depended upon Al(IV) ions; nevertheless, both Al(V) and Al(VI) were affected and hence increasing the basic active sites. Not only was the competitively catalytic methanol dehydrogenation preferred with basic condition but also methanol-blocking water molecule interaction was the unwanted reaction. In this investigation, the chemical-bond arrangements of silicon and aluminium ions were proposed with solid MAS/NMR. The DMHC catalyst exhibited better DME yield than the DM catalyst, and it could be used as a selective catalyst for DME synthesis from methanol.

CO2 valorization into synthetic natural gas (SNG) using a Co–Ni bimetallic Y2O3 based catalysts

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Radwa A. El-Salamony ◽  
Sara A. El-Sharaky ◽  
Seham A. Al-Temtamy ◽  
Ahmed M. Al-Sabagh ◽  
Hamada M. Killa
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Mechanism ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Synthetic Natural Gas ◽  
Methanation Reaction ◽  
Co2 Valorization

Abstract Recently, because of the increasing demand for natural gas and the reduction of greenhouse gases, interests have focused on producing synthetic natural gas (SNG), which is suggested as an important future energy carrier. Hydrogenation of CO2, the so-called methanation reaction, is a suitable technique for the fixation of CO2. Nickel supported on yttrium oxide and promoted with cobalt were prepared by the wet-impregnation method respectively and characterized using SBET, XRD, FTIR, XPS, TPR, and HRTEM/EDX. CO2 hydrogenation over the Ni/Y2O3 catalyst was examined and compared with Co–Ni/Y2O3 catalysts, Co% = 10 and 15 wt/wt. The catalytic test was conducted with the use of a fixed-bed reactor under atmospheric pressure. The catalytic performance temperature was 350 °C with a supply of H2:CO2 molar ratio of 4 and a total flow rate of 200 mL/min. The CH4 yield was reached 67%, and CO2 conversion extended 48.5% with CO traces over 10Co–Ni/Y2O3 catalyst. This encourages the direct methanation reaction mechanism. However, the reaction mechanism over Ni/Y2O3 catalyst shows different behaviors rather than that over bi-metal catalysts, whereas the steam reforming of methane reaction was arisen associated with methane consumption besides increase in H2 and CO formation; at the same temperature reaction.

scholarly journals Performance Analysis of TiO2-Modified Co/MgAl2O4 Catalyst for Dry Reforming of Methane in a Fixed Bed Reactor for Syngas (H2, CO) Production

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 3347
Author(s):  
Arslan Mazhar ◽  
Asif Hussain Khoja ◽  
Abul Kalam Azad ◽  
Faisal Mushtaq ◽  
Salman Raza Naqvi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Dry Reforming ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Dry Reforming Of Methane ◽  
Catalyst Stability ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Catalyst Loading ◽  
Impregnation Method

Co/TiO2–MgAl2O4 was investigated in a fixed bed reactor for the dry reforming of methane (DRM) process. Co/TiO2–MgAl2O4 was prepared by modified co-precipitation, followed by the hydrothermal method. The active metal Co was loaded via the wetness impregnation method. The prepared catalyst was characterized by XRD, SEM, TGA, and FTIR. The performance of Co/TiO2–MgAl2O4 for the DRM process was investigated in a reactor with a temperature of 750 °C, a feed ratio (CO2/CH4) of 1, a catalyst loading of 0.5 g, and a feed flow rate of 20 mL min−1. The effect of support interaction with metal and the composite were studied for catalytic activity, the composite showing significantly improved results. Moreover, among the tested Co loadings, 5 wt% Co over the TiO2–MgAl2O4 composite shows the best catalytic performance. The 5%Co/TiO2–MgAl2O4 improved the CH4 and CO2 conversion by up to 70% and 80%, respectively, while the selectivity of H2 and CO improved to 43% and 46.5%, respectively. The achieved H2/CO ratio of 0.9 was due to the excess amount of CO produced because of the higher conversion rate of CO2 and the surface carbon reaction with oxygen species. Furthermore, in a time on stream (TOS) test, the catalyst exhibited 75 h of stability with significant catalytic activity. Catalyst potential lies in catalyst stability and performance results, thus encouraging the further investigation and use of the catalyst for the long-run DRM process.

Innovative low cost procedure for nutrient removal as an integrated element of a decentralised water management concept for rural areas

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Burde ◽  
F. Rolf ◽  
F. Grabowski
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Soil Zone

The absence of large rivers with rather high niveau of self purifying effect in parts of east Germany leads to a discharging of the effluent of wastewater treatment plants into the groundwater in many cases. One useful consequence is the idea of realisation of decentralised measures and concepts in urban water resources management concerning municipal wastewater as well as rainfall, precipitation. At the same time, only the upper soil zone - a few decimetres - is water - saturated and thus discharge effective, even when extreme rainfall takes place. Underneath, however, there generally exists an unsaturated soil zone, which is up to now a rather unexplored retardation element of the hydrologic- and substrate-cycle. Nutrient removal in small wastewater treatment plants that are emptying into ground waters is often beneficial. The presented studies optimised an inexpensive method of subsequent enhanced wastewater treatment. The developed reactor is similar to a concentrated subsoil passage. The fixed bed reactor is divided in two sections to achieve aerobic and anoxic conditions for nitrification/denitrification processes. To enhance phosphorus removal, ferrous particles are put into the aerobic zone. Two series of column tests were carried out and a technical pilot plant was built to verify the efficiency of the process. The results show that this method can be implemented successfully.

Removal of VOCs Using Sludge-Based Adsorbents

2012 ◽  
Vol 599 ◽  
pp. 305-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Fang ◽  
Chao Ping Cen ◽  
Hong Tao Zhang ◽  
Zi Jun Tang ◽  
Ding Sheng Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Physical Adsorption ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Langmuir Adsorption Isotherm ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Dynamic Adsorption ◽  
Langmuir Adsorption ◽  
Isotherm Equations

Efficient and cost-effective sludge-based adsorbents were developed and the adsorption of VOCs on the sludge-based adsorbents was studied in a fixed bed reactor. The results indicate that the adsorption of VOCs on sludge-based adsorbents is typical physical adsorption, the dynamic adsorption capacity of VOCs on adsorbents sharply increases as the VOCs concentration is increased at first, then increasing gradually, at last retains stable with the change of VOCs concentration. The dynamic adsorption capacity of sludge-based adsorbents for VOCs is O-Xylene > Butylcetate > Toluene > Ethylacetate > Benzene > Propanone > n-Hexane, the maximum dynamic adsorption capacity is 0.247, 0.225, 0.192, 0.186, 0.180, 0.176, 0.133g/g, respectively. Meanwhile the adsorption of VOCs on sludge-based adsorbents corresponds to the Langmuir adsorption isotherm equations. The sludge-based adsorbent is a low-cost alternative to activated carbon for VOCs treatment, and this technology is a promising method for the VOCs removal.

Preparation and Performance of Several Non-Precious Metal Oxides Catalysts for the Low Temperature SCR of NOx with NH3

2011 ◽  
Vol 356-360 ◽  
pp. 1528-1534
Author(s):  
Wei Fang Dong
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Metal Oxides ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Precious Metal ◽  
Catalytic Reduction ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Low Temperature Scr ◽  
Scr Of Nox

A series of non-precious metal oxides catalysts were prepared for low-temperature selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx with NH3 in a fixed bed reactor. The catalytic performance was evaluated by the removal efficiency of NOx and N2selectivity which were respectively detected by flue gas analyzer and flue gas chromatograph. Furthermore, the components of gas products from the above experiments were analysed with 2010 GC-MS. The results illustrated that the MnO2exhibited the highest NOx conversion to 95.46% and the highest selectivity of N2to 100% at temperature of 393K, then followed ZrO2, Al2O3and Fe2O3.

Synthesis of lower olefins from syngas over Zn/Al2O3–SAPO-34 hybrid catalysts: role of doped Zr and influence of the Zn/Al2O3ratio

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (14) ◽  
pp. 3527-3538 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Raveendra ◽  
Congming Li ◽  
Bin Liu ◽  
Yang Cheng ◽  
Fanhui Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Direct Synthesis ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Lower Olefins ◽  
Hybrid Catalysts

Hybrid catalysts composed of different loadings of Zr-promoted Zn/Al2O3with SAPO-34 zeolite were investigated for the direct synthesis of lower olefins from syngas in a fixed-bed reactor.

Effect of Ni/Co Ratio on Bimetallic Oxide Supported Silica Catalyst in CO2 Methanation

2015 ◽  
Vol 802 ◽  
pp. 431-436
Author(s):  
Siti Aminah Md Ali ◽  
Ku Halim Ku Hamid ◽  
Kamariah Noor Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Wet Impregnation ◽  
Co Precipitation

Five series of silica supported bimetallic oxide (NiCo/SiO2) catalysts have been synthesized through successive reverse co-precipitation and wet impregnation methods at different metal loadings (i.e. 80Ni20Co/SiO2,, 60Ni40Co/SiO2,50Ni50Co/SiO2,40Ni60Co/SiO2,20Ni80Co/SiO2). The catalytic performance of these catalysts were tested for the CO2methanation catalysis using microactivity fixed bed reactor. Nickel rich catalyst (80Ni20Co/SiO2) exhibited the highest catalytic activity in the CO2methanation with 47.1% of CO2conversion. Meanwhile, the CH4selectivity and yield was found to be at 99.9% and 27%, respectively.

Modeling and Optimization of MeOH to DME in Isothermal Fixed-bed Reactor

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Farsi ◽  
Abdolhossein Jahanmiri ◽  
Reza Eslamloueyan
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Methanol Conversion ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Methanol Dehydration ◽  
Algebraic Equations ◽  
Optimal Temperature ◽  
Heterogeneous Model ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Shell And Tube ◽  
Green Fuel

Dimethyl ether (DME) is a green fuel that commercially produced in an adiabatic fixed bed reactor by methanol dehydration. In the present work, a shell and tube fixed bed reactor is modeled and optimized for DME production. The reactor is modeled based on mass and energy conservation equations as well as auxiliary equations. In order to estimate the DME production and temperature profile along the reactor, a one dimensional heterogeneous model consist of a set of nonlinear differential and algebraic equations has been solved numerically. Also, The DME production in the isothermal reactor is maximized by adjusting the optimal temperature distribution along the reactor using genetic algorithm. Then, the performance of the proposed isothermal reactor is compared with industrial adiabatic fixed bed reactor. Results showed the higher DME production rate and methanol conversion in the optimized reactor.

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