scholarly journals CTRP-1 levels are related to insulin resistance in pregnancy and gestational diabetes mellitus

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carola Deischinger ◽  
Karoline Leitner ◽  
Sabina Baumgartner-Parzer ◽  
Dagmar Bancher-Todesca ◽  
Alexandra Kautzky-Willer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Sensitivity Index ◽  
Phase Index ◽  
Matsuda Index ◽  
In Pregnancy

Abstract Recent studies have shown higher levels of CTRP-1 (C1QTNF-related protein) in patients with type 2 diabetes compared to controls. We aimed at investigating CTRP-1 in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). CTRP-1 levels were investigated in 167 women (93 with normal glucose tolerance (NGT), 74 GDM) of a high-risk population for GDM. GDM was further divided into GDM subtypes depending on a predominant insulin sensitivity issue (GDM-IR) or secretion deficit (GDM-IS). Glucose tolerance was assessed with indices [Matsuda index, Stumvoll first phase index, insulin-secretion-sensitivity-index 2 (ISSI-2), area-under-the-curve (AUC) insulin, AUC glucose] derived from an oral glucose tolerance test (oGTT) performed at < 21 and 24–28 weeks of gestation. In pregnancy, CTRP-1 levels of GDM (76.86 ± 37.81 ng/ml) and NGT (82.2 ± 35.34 ng/ml; p = 0.104) were similar. However, GDM-IR women (65.18 ± 42.18 ng/ml) had significantly lower CTRP-1 levels compared to GDM-IS (85.10 ± 28.14 ng/ml; p = 0.009) and NGT (p = 0.006). CTRP-1 levels correlated negatively with weight, AUC insulin, Stumvoll first phase index, bioavailable estradiol and positively with HbA1c, Matsuda Index and ISSI-2. A multiple regression analysis revealed bioavailable estradiol (β = − 0.280, p = 0.008) and HbA1c (β = 0.238; p = 0.018) as the main variables associated with CTRP-1 in GDM. Postpartum, waist and hip measurements were predictive of CRTP-1 levels instead. CTRP-1 levels were higher postpartum than during pregnancy (91.92 ± 47.27 vs.82.44 ± 38.99 ng/ml; p = 0.013). CTRP-1 is related to insulin resistance in pregnancy and might be a metabolic biomarker for insulin resistance in GDM. CTRP-1 levels were significantly lower during pregnancy than postpartum, probably due to rising insulin resistance during pregnancy.

scholarly journals Secretagogin is Related to Insulin Secretion but Unrelated to Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Status in Pregnancy

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 2277
Author(s):  
Carola Deischinger ◽  
Jürgen Harreiter ◽  
Karoline Leitner ◽  
Dagmar Bancher-Todesca ◽  
Sabina Baumgartner-Parzer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
In Pregnancy

Secretagogin (SCGN) is a calcium binding protein related to insulin release in the pancreas. Although SCGN is not co-released with insulin, plasma concentrations have been found to be increased in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Until now, no study on SCGN levels in pregnancy or patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has been published. In 93 women of a high-risk population for GDM at the Medical University of Vienna, secretagogin levels of 45 GDM patients were compared to 48 women with a normal glucose tolerance (NGT). Glucose tolerance, insulin resistance and secretion were assessed with oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT) between the 10th and 28th week of gestation (GW) and postpartum. In all women, however, predominantly in women with NGT, there was a significant positive correlation between SCGN levels and Stumvoll first (rp = 0.220, p = 0.032) and second phase index (rp = 0.224, p = 0.028). SCGN levels were not significantly different in women with NGT and GDM. However, SCGN was higher postpartum than during pregnancy (postpartum: 88.07 ± 35.63 pg/mL; pregnancy: 75.24 ± 37.90 pg/mL, p = 0.004). SCGN was directly correlated with week of gestation (rp = 0.308; p = 0.021) and triglycerides (rp = 0.276; p = 0.038) in women with GDM. Therefore, SCGN is related to insulin secretion and hyperinsulinemia during pregnancy; however, it does not display differences between women with NGT and GDM.

scholarly journals SUN-639 Secretagogin Levels Are Unrelated to Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in a Cohort of Pregnant Women

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carola Deischinger ◽  
Jürgen Harreiter ◽  
Ludwig Wagner ◽  
Sabina Baumgartner-Parzer ◽  
Alexandra Kautzky-Willer
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Introduction Secretagogin (SCGN) is a calcium binding protein related to insulin release in the pancreas. Although SCGN is not co-released with insulin, plasma concentrations have been found to be increased in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.1,2,3 Up to this day, no study on SCGN levels in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has been published. Patients and Methods In 138 women of a high-risk population for GDM at the Medical University of Vienna, secretagogin levels of GDM patients were compared to women with a normal glucose tolerance (NGT). Glucose tolerance, insulin resistance and secretion were assessed with an oral glucose tolerance test (oGTT) performed before 20 weeks gestation. The women with GDM (39.1%) were further divided into GDM types depending on insulin sensitivity or secretion defects defined as below the 25th percentile in the oGTT of the NGT controls. Results Compared to women with NGT (mean SCGN= 52.7 ng/dl), there was no statistically significant difference in SCGN in patients with GDM (mean value 53.9 ng/dl, p=0.857). After splitting into secretion defect and insulin resistance subtypes, SCGN remained unrelated to GDM in our study population. However, Secretagogin was found to be significantly higher in postpartum visits (mean= 62.9 ng/dl) than during pregnancy (mean value= 48.5 ng/dl; p= 0.047). Furthermore, SCGN was positively correlated with BMI (p=0.006) in the present analysis. Conclusion Unlike in studies conducted on type 2 diabetes,1,2,3 a relationship between GDM and Secretagogin levels could not be demonstrated in this study. However, lower levels during pregnancy point towards physiological changes in SCGN levels unrelated to (gestational) diabetes mellitus. Further research, ideally including before-pregnancy levels, is paramount to assess possible roles of SCGN during pregnancy. 1. Maj M, Wagner L, Tretter V, et al. A TRPV1-to-secretagogin regulatory axis controls pancreatic β-cell survival by modulating protein turnover. EMBO J. 2017;36(14):2107-2125. doi:10.15252/embj.201695347 2. Yang C, Qu H, Zhao X, et al. Plasma Secretagogin is Increased in Individuals with Glucose Dysregulation. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes. 2019:0-4. doi:10.1055/a-1001-2244 3. Maj M, Wagner L, Tretter V. 20 Years of Secretagogin: Exocytosis and Beyond. Front Mol Neurosci. 2019;12(February):1-10. doi:10.3389/fnmol.2019.00029

scholarly journals Effects of Astaxanthin on Inflammation and Insulin Resistance in a Mouse Model of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Dose-Response ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 155932582092676
Author(s):  
Weihong Feng ◽  
Yanxia Wang ◽  
Na Guo ◽  
Pu Huang ◽  
Yang Mi
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ros Generation

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a condition in which a hormone made by the placenta prevents the body from using insulin effectively. It is important to find an effective treatment. A mouse model of GDM was used to testify the effects of astaxanthin on glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. Production of inflammatory cytokines, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) translocation and insulin-related signaling were measured in the presence of astaxanthin both in vivo and in vitro. It was found that astaxanthin improved insulin sensitivity, glucose tolerance, and litter size of offspring and reduced birth weight of offspring and inflammation in GDM mouse. Moreover, astaxanthin increased GLUT4 translocating to membrane without altering its secretion/expression and glucose uptake and consumption in C2C12 skeletal muscle cells. Furthermore, ROS generation and insulin-related signaling inhibited by tumor necrosis factor α was restored by astaxanthin. It is concluded that astaxanthin has the potential to attenuate GDM symptoms by regulating inflammation and insulin resistance in skeletal muscle of pregnant mice. Our findings suggest that astaxanthin could be a promising and effective molecule to treat GDM.

scholarly journals Leaner Women with Impaired Insulin Secretion Accounts for about 40% of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Japan

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seishi Furukawa ◽  
Yoichi Kobayashi
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽  
Impaired Insulin Secretion ◽  
Impaired Insulin

Aim. To identify the involvement of leanness and impaired insulin secretion with Japanese gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Method. A cross-sectional study was conducted comprising 219 at-risk pregnant women who underwent a 75g glucose tolerance test at a single institute in Tokyo, Japan. We identified GDM and normal glucose tolerance (NGT). The cut-off value of the homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) for detecting GDM was determined. The GDM group was divided into subgroups according to insulin resistance based on the cut-off value of HOMA-IR. We compared the prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) and homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function (HOMA-β) between the group comprising low insulin resistance (LIR) and the group comprising high insulin resistance (HIR). Results. Seventy GDM cases and 149 NGT cases were identified. By using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, the HOMA-IR cut-off value was determined to be 1.41. Twenty-five GDM cases (36%) were classified as LIR and forty-five GDM cases (64%) were classified as HIR. The background including indications for having 75gOGTT and the gestational age having 75gOGTT did not differ between groups. The BMI of the LIR group was significantly lower than that of the HIR group (20.9±2.8 vs. 24.4 ± 5.5, p<0.01), and the HOMA-β of the LIR group was significantly lower than that of the HIR group (95.5±30.3 vs. 146.0±70.1, p<0.01). A positive linear correlation was found between BMI and HOMA-β in cases of GDM (r=0.27, p=0.02). Conclusion. Leanness with impaired insulin secretion is deeply involved in Japanese gestational diabetes mellitus.

The Infant Born to a Woman with Gestational Diabetes

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 239-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theresa Povinelli ◽  
Caitlin Lim ◽  
Deborah A. Raines
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glucose Intolerance ◽  
Frequent Episodes ◽  
Altered Glucose

AbstractGestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as glucose intolerance with onset during pregnancy. During pregnancy, women with GDM develop insulin resistance, which results in altered glucose tolerance. As a result, there are frequent episodes of hyperglycemia and high levels of circulating amino acids, increasing the transfer of nutrients to the fetus. This article discusses the role of the mother–baby nursing in the care of neonates born to women with gestational diabetes.

scholarly journals Development of a fasting blood glucose-based strategy to diagnose women with gestational diabetes mellitus at increased risk of adverse outcomes in a COVID-19 environment

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0243192
Author(s):  
Michael d’Emden ◽  
Donald McLeod ◽  
Jacobus Ungerer ◽  
Charles Appleton ◽  
David Kanowski
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
In Pregnancy

Objective To evaluate the role of fasting blood glucose (FBG) to minimise the use of the oral glucose tolerance test in pregnancy (POGTT) for the diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Research design and methods We analysed the POGTTs of 26,242 pregnant women in Queensland, Australia, performed between 1 January 2015 and 30 June 2015. A receiver operator characteristics (ROC) assessment was undertaken to indicate the FBG level that most effectively identified women at low risk of an abnormal result. Results There were 3,946 (15.0%) patients having GDM with 2,262 (8.6%) having FBG ≥ 5.1mmol/l. The ROC identified FBG levels >4.6mmol/l having the best specificity (77%) and sensitivity (54%) for elevated 1 and/or 2hr BGLs. There were 19,321 (73.7%) women having FBG < 4.7mmol/l with a prevalence of GDM of 4.0%, less than 1/3rd the overall rate. Only 4,638 (17.7%) women having FBGs from 4.7–5.0mmol/l would require further evaluation to confirm or exclude the diagnosis. Conclusion This contemporary study of women across the state of Queensland, Australia suggests the FBG can be used effectively to define glucose tolerance in pregnancy, minimising their contact with pathology laboratories and potential exposure to the corona virus. This analysis, used in conjunction with outcome data from the HAPO study, provides reassurance to women and their health professionals that FBG < 4.7mmol/l has both a low rate of abnormal glucose tolerance and minimal adverse pregnancy-associated complications.

scholarly journals Declined GDCA is Correlated With Adverse Clinical Outcome For Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Zhu ◽  
Zhixin Ma ◽  
Yuning Zhu ◽  
Lei Fang ◽  
Hong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Bile Acids ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Oral Glucose

Abstract BackgroundGestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is characterized by glycemia and insulin disorders. Bile acids (Bas) have emerged as vital signaling molecules in glucose metabolic regulation. Bas change in GDM are still unclear, it exerts great significance to illustrate the change of Bas in GDM.MethodsWe organized GDM patient (n = 67) and normal pregnant women (n = 48) around the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) screening period, fasting serums were collected for the measurement of Bas. Clinical data were collected and Bas metabolism profiles were analyzed in GDM and normal glucose tolerance (NGT). Delivery characteristics, delivery gestational age and infant birthweight were abstracted from medical record.ResultsGDM patients exert the distinctive features compared with NGT, including higher BMI, glucose, insulin (both fasting and OGTT) and HbA1c levels. GDM also gained higher insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) and decreased β-cell compensation (DIo). Total bile acids (TBA) remained stable, but glycodeoxycholic acid (GDCA) and taurodeoxycholic acid (TDCA) declined significantly in GDM. GDCA was inversely correlated with HOMA-IR and positively correlated with DIo. There exists no obvious difference in clinical outcome between GDM and NGT. However, GDM patients with high HOMA-IR and low DIo are inclined to suffering higher cesarean delivery rate and earlier delivery gestational age.ConclusionsGDCA could be a valuable biomarker to evaluate insulin resistance and DIo, decreased GDCA predicts worse clinical outcome of GDM.

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