scholarly journals Overexpression of corticotropin-releasing factor in intestinal mucosal eosinophils is associated with clinical severity in Diarrhea-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eloísa Salvo-Romero ◽  
Cristina Martínez ◽  
Beatriz Lobo ◽  
Bruno K. Rodiño-Janeiro ◽  
Marc Pigrau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Secretory Activity ◽  
Corticotropin Releasing Factor ◽  
Clinical Severity ◽  
Jejunal Mucosa ◽  
Gut Dysfunction ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Activation Profile ◽  
Irritable Bowel

AbstractCorticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) has been identified in intestinal mucosal eosinophils and associated with psychological stress and gut dysfunction. Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is commonly characterized by altered intestinal motility, immune activation, and increased gut barrier permeability along with heightened susceptibility to psychosocial stress. Despite intensive research, the role of mucosal eosinophils in stress-associated gut dysfunction remains uncertain. In this study, we evaluated eosinophil activation profile and CRF content in the jejunal mucosa of diarrhea-predominant IBS (IBS-D) and healthy controls (HC) by gene/protein expression and transmission electron microscopy. We also explored the association between intestinal eosinophil CRF and chronic stress, and the potential mechanisms underlying the stress response by assessing eosinophil response to neuropeptides. We found that mucosal eosinophils displayed higher degranulation profile in IBS-D as compared to HC, with increased content of CRF in the cytoplasmic granules, which significantly correlated with IBS clinical severity, life stress background and depression. Eosinophils responded to substance P and carbachol by increasing secretory activity and CRF synthesis and release, without promoting pro-inflammatory activity, a profile similar to that found in mucosal eosinophils from IBS-D. Collectively, our results suggest that intestinal mucosal eosinophils are potential contributors to stress-mediated gut dysfunction through CRF production and release.

scholarly journals Exploring Quality of Life, Stress, and Risk Factors Associated with Irritable Bowel Syndrome for Female University Students in Taiwan

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 3888
Author(s):  
Huan-Hwa Chen ◽  
Chich-Hsiu Hung ◽  
Ai-Wen Kao ◽  
Hsiu-Fen Hsieh
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
University Students ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Female Students ◽  
World Health ◽  
World Health Organization Quality ◽  
Irritable Bowel

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common recurrent functional gastrointestinal disorder that impacts on patients physically and mentally. Studies on IBS have focused on adults, yet few studies have examined IBS among female university students. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of IBS for female university students and its related factors. Using a cross-sectional study design, a total of 2520 female university students were recruited in southern Taiwan. The structured questionnaires, including the Rome III IBS diagnostic questionnaire, IBS symptom severity scale, Perceived Stress Scale, and World Health Organization Quality of Life BREF questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF) were used for data collection. A total of 1894 female students complete the questionnaires. The response rate was 75.15%. The results indicated 193 female students with IBS and the prevalence of IBS was 10.1%. IBS female students had higher levels of stress and lower QOL than non-IBS female students. The risk factors for female university students developing IBS were dysmenorrhea, food avoidance, class absenteeism, and the lower physical domain of QOL. It is advised to consider these factors when providing students with counselling and relevant services in the expectation of alleviating their IBS symptoms, reducing the incidence rate of IBS, and further improving their QOL.

scholarly journals Clinical Outcome Correlates With Increased Humoral Response in the Jejunal Mucosa of Diarrhea-Prone Irritable Bowel Syndrome Patients

2011 ◽  
Vol 140 (5) ◽  
pp. S-286
Author(s):  
Ana M. Gonzalez-Castro ◽  
Cristina Martinez ◽  
Beatriz Lobo ◽  
Marc Pigrau ◽  
Mar Guilarte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Humoral Response ◽  
Jejunal Mucosa ◽  
Irritable Bowel

scholarly journals Level of chronic life stress predicts clinical outcome in irritable bowel syndrome

Gut ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 256-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
E J Bennett ◽  
C C Tennant ◽  
C Piesse ◽  
C-A Badcock ◽  
J E Kellow
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Research Evidence ◽  
Powerful Predictor ◽  
Rome Criteria ◽  
Intensity Measures ◽  
Symptom Intensity ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Over Time

Background—Life stress contributes to symptom onset and exacerbation in the majority of patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and functional dyspepsia (FD); research evidence is conflicting, however, as to the strength of these effects.Aims—To test prospectively the relation of chronic life stress threat to subsequent symptom intensity over time.Patients—One hundred and seventeen consecutive outpatients satisfying the modified Rome criteria for IBS (66% with one or more concurrent FD syndromes) participated.Methods—The life stress and symptom intensity measures were determined from interview data collected independently at entry, and at six and 16 months; these measures assessed the potency of chronic life stress threat during the prior six months or more, and the severity and frequency of IBS and FD symptoms during the following two weeks.Results—Chronic life stress threat was a powerful predictor of subsequent symptom intensity, explaining 97% of the variance on this measure over 16 months. No patient exposed to even one chronic highly threatening stressor improved clinically (by 50%) over the 16 months; all patients who improved did so in the absence of such a stressor.Conclusion—The level of chronic life stress threat predicts the clinical outcome in most patients with IBS/FD.

scholarly journals Plasma Corticotropin-Releasing Factor Receptors and B7-2+ Extracellular Vesicles in Blood Correlate with Irritable Bowel Syndrome Disease Severity

Cells ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shin-ichiro Hagiwara ◽  
Burcu Hasdemir ◽  
Melvin Heyman ◽  
Lin Chang ◽  
Aditi Bhargava
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Corticotropin Releasing Factor ◽  
Mouse Serum ◽  
Severity Scores ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Irritable Bowel

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are composed of bilayer membranes that are released by different cell types and are present in bodily fluids, such as blood, urine, and bile. EVs are thought to play a key role in intracellular communication. Based on their size and density, EVs are classified into small, medium, or large EVs. Cargo composition in EVs reflects physiological changes in health and disease. Patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) exhibit visceral hypersensitivity and mood disorders. Stressful episodes often precede disease symptoms in IBS patients. Stress-induced symptoms include, but are not limited to, abdominal pain and mood swings. Perceived stress responses are mediated by two known G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), corticotropin-releasing factor receptor 1 and 2 (CRFRs). CRFRs belong to the Class B secretin receptor family of GPCRs. Here, we show that CRFRs were present in human and murine plasma, and in EVs purified from mouse serum. CRFRs were present in plasma from IBS patients and healthy controls. EVs secreted from immune cells influence both adaptive and innate immune responses via exchange of EVs between different immune cell types. B7-2 (CD86), a plasma membrane antigen-presenting protein, is present on EVs secreted from dendritic, B-, and mast cells, whereas CD9 is present on EVs secreted from dendritic and intestinal epithelial cells. We found that plasma CRFR levels positively correlated with B7-2+ EVs (R = 0.8597, p < 0.0001), but no association was seen with CD9+ EVs. Plasma CRFRs expression negatively correlated with IBS severity scores. Our data suggests that plasma EVs from immune cells carry CRFRs as cargos and influence cell-cell communication in health and disease.

scholarly journals Corticotropin-Releasing Factor and Toll-Like Receptor Gene Expression Is Associated with Low-Grade Inflammation in Irritable Bowel Syndrome Patients with Depression

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Song Jizhong ◽  
Wang Qiaomin ◽  
Wang Chao ◽  
Li Yanqing
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Corticotropin Releasing Factor ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Lower Grade ◽  
Toll Like Receptor ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

The mechanism of low-grade inflammation in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is unclear; our research concentrates on the involvement of the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and Toll-like receptor (TLR) gene expression in the process of low-grade inflammation in IBS patients with depression. This study suggests more IBS patients are presenting with the states of depression and anxiety. IBS patients with depression have shown a lower grade inflammatory response and an imbalance of the inflammatory response. CRF1, CRF2, TLR2, and TLR4 in IBS patients with depression are significantly higher than those without depression and controls. Thus, activation of the CRF-TLR associated pathways produces an inflammatory reaction, which can concurrently affect the digestive tract and the CNS and induce the corresponding digestive and psychiatric symptoms.

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