scholarly journals Triglycerides and low HDL cholesterol predict coronary heart disease risk in patients with stable angina

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Caselli ◽  
Raffaele De Caterina ◽  
Jeff M Smit ◽  
Jonica Campolo ◽  
Mohammed El Mahdiui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Score ◽  
Stable Angina ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Myocardial Damage ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Low Hdl ◽  
Heart Disease Risk

AbstractWe assessed whether high triglycerides (TG) and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels, expressed by an increased TG/HDL-C ratio, predict coronary atherosclerotic disease (CAD) outcomes in patients with stable angina. We studied 355 patients (60 ± 9 years, 211 males) with stable angina who underwent coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA), were managed clinically and followed for 4.5 ± 0.9 years. The primary composite outcome was all-cause mortality and non-fatal myocardial infarction. At baseline, the proportion of males, patients with metabolic syndrome, diabetes and obstructive CAD increased across TG/HDL-C ratio quartiles, together with markers of insulin resistance, hepatic and adipose tissue dysfunction and myocardial damage, with no difference in total cholesterol or LDL-C. At follow-up, the global CTA risk score (HR 1.06, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.03–1.09, P = 0.001) and the IV quartile of the TG/HDL-C ratio (HR 2.85, 95% CI 1.30–6.26, P < 0.01) were the only independent predictors of the primary outcome. The TG/HDL-C ratio and the CTA risk score progressed over time despite increased use of lipid-lowering drugs and reduction in LDL-C. In patients with stable angina, high TG and low HDL-C levels are associated with CAD related outcomes independently of LDL-C and treatments.Trial registration. EVINCI study: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00979199, registered September 17, 2009; SMARTool study: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04448691, registered June 26, 2020.

scholarly journals Elevated triglycerides and low HDL cholesterol predict coronary heart disease risk in patients with stable angina

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
C Caselli ◽  
R De Caterina ◽  
JEFF Smit ◽  
M El Mahdiui ◽  
R Ragusa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Risk Score ◽  
Stable Angina ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Atherogenic Dyslipidemia ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – EU funding. Main funding source(s): The EVINCI study was supported by a grant from the European Union FP7-CP-FP506 2007 project (GA 222915). The SMARTool study was supported by a grant from the European Union H2020-PHC-30-2015 (GA 689068). This study was also partially supported by a grant from AMGEN (Protocol N. 20167781, 2017). Background. High triglycerides (TG) and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol  (HDL-C) characterize an atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CAD) risk condition defined as atherogenic dyslipidemia. Aim. To assess whether atherogenic dyslipidemia defined by TG/HDL-C ratio predicts CAD related outcomes in patients with stable angina, independently of other risk factors and treatments. Methods. We studied 355 patients (60 ± 9 y, 211m) with stable angina from the EVINCI Outcome study. Patients were characterized for clinical, bio-humoral and imaging profiles, managed clinically, and followed for 4.5 ± 0.9 years. A computed tomography angiography (CTA) coronary risk score was obtained at baseline in all patients, and at follow-up in 154 of them. The primary composite outcome was all-cause mortality and non-fatal myocardial infarction. CTA scan was repeated at follow-up in 154 patients to assess CAD progression. Results. The median value of TG/HDL-C ratio was 2.095 (2.079IQR). At baseline, the proportion of males, smoking, diabetes and metabolic syndrome, as well as circulating bio-markers of abnormal glucose metabolism and myocardial damage progressively increased across quartiles of TG/HDL-C ratio. The CTA score was significantly higher in the IV quartile of the TG/HDL-C ratio and both were the only independent predictors of the primary (CTA Score: HR 1.06, 95%CI 1.03-1.09, p = 0.001; TG/HDL-C IV quartile: HR 2.85, 95%CI 1.30-6.26, p &lt; 0.01). In the 154 patients re-evaluated at follow-up, TG/HDL-C ratio associated cardio-metabolic disorder, systemic inflammation and CTA risk score progressed over time despite increased use of lipid-lowering drugs, anti-diabetics and other cardioactive medications and reduction in LDL-C levels. Conclusions. In patients with stable angina, the TG/HDL-C ratio expresses a cardio-metabolic atherogenic disorder which is progressive over time and is associated with CAD related outcomes independently of LDL-C levels and treatments.

scholarly journals Association Between HDL Cholesterol and Incident Cognitive Impairment in Black and White Adults in The Reasons For Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Rosenson ◽  
Mary Cushman ◽  
Emily C. McKinley ◽  
Paul Muntner ◽  
Zhixin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Black Women ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
White Women ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Stroke Event ◽  
Low Hdl ◽  
Regards Study

Abstract BACKGROUND: Low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) have been associated with incident cognitive impairment (ICI) in some, but not all studies. METHODS: We examine the association between HDL-C and ICI among 18,378 Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study participants without cognitive impairment or stroke at baseline in 2003 to 2007, and who did not have a stroke event during follow-up. RESULTS: Over a median follow-up of 9.6 years, 1,359 participants developed ICI. In fully adjusted models, the RR for ICI was 1.51 (95% CI 1.06, 2.15) in White women and 1.25 (95% CI 0.95, 1.65) in Black women. The association was not statistically significant afrter adjustment for triglycerides. There was no evidence of an association between HDL-C and ICI among White or Black men. CONCLUSIONS: Low HDL-C was associated with a higher risk of ICI in White and Black women in models not including triglycerides.

Abstract 599: Elucidating the Genetic Determinants of Extreme High-density Lipoprotein Phenotypes Using Next-generation Sequencing

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline S Dron ◽  
Jian Wang ◽  
Adam D McIntyre ◽  
John F Robinson ◽  
Matthew R Ban ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Next Generation Sequencing ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Complex Trait ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Targeted Next Generation Sequencing ◽  
Low Hdl ◽  
Generation Sequencing

HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) levels strongly associate with cardiovascular disease risk, and as a complex trait, are influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Extreme HDL-C concentrations are largely genetically determined; monogenic disorders of HDL-C have been well-characterized, including the primary candidate genes driving each extreme phenotype, which typically show autosomal recessive or co-dominant inheritance. Within genes causing syndromes of both HDL-C extremes, numerous disease-causing variants have been identified and functionally validated. In a unique cohort of patients with extreme HDL-C profiles ( N =255), we applied our targeted next-generation sequencing panel LipidSeq TM , which is designed for clinical re-sequencing of genes associated with dyslipidemia and other metabolic disorders. We found that 20.6% and 11.8% of low ( N =136) and high ( N =119) HDL-C patients, respectively, carry heterozygous, large-effect mutations in pertinent genes explaining their phenotypes. To further characterize the genetic variation contributing to HDL-C levels, we next investigated the integrated polygenic contribution from multiple small-effect genetic variants using a polygenic trait score (PTS). We developed two scores to assess an individual’s burden of small-effect variants: one each for lowering and raising HDL-C levels. As a whole, low HDL-C patients had a significantly greater mean PTS for low HDL-C than normolipidemic controls ( P <0.001); furthermore, there was no difference in PTS among carriers and non-carriers of large-effect variants. In contrast, high HDL-C patients’ mean PTS for high HDL-C in carriers of large-effect variants was not different from non-carrier or controls, while PTS in non-carriers was significantly greater than controls (both P <0.001). The findings confirm the complexity of extreme HDL-C levels and the differences in contributions of rare large-effect and common small-effect variants to these extremes.

Study of Antihyperglycemic, Antihyperlipidemic and Antioxidant Activities of Tannins Extracted from Warionia saharae Benth. & Coss

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Ajebli ◽  
Fadwa El Ouady ◽  
Mohamed Eddouks
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus

Background and Objective: Warionia saharae Benth & Coss, a plant belonging to Asteraceae family, is used for its anti-diabetic properties in Morocco. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of tannins extracted from Warionia saharae (W. saharae) on blood glucose levels and lipid profile in normal and streptozotocin(STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Methods: Tannins (TE) were extracted from W. saharae using Soxhlet apparatus and different organic solvents. Single and once daily repeated oral administration of TE (10 mg/kg) for 15 days were used to evaluate the glucose and lipid-lowering activity in normal and diabetic rats. Furthermore, glucose test tolerance, liver histopathological examination and in vitro antioxidant activity of TE were carried out in this study. Results: The results showed that TE was able to exert antihyperglycemic and lowering total cholesterol effects as well as improvement of the high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol serum level after 15 days of treatment. Furthermore, TE improved glucose tolerance, histopathological status of liver in diabetic rats and demonstrated interesting antioxidant activity. Conclusion: In conclusion, the present investigation revealed that TE possesses potent antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic activities as claimed in different ethnopharmacological practices.

scholarly journals Metabolic Syndrome Features and Excess Weight Were Inversely Associated with Nut Consumption after 1-Year Follow-Up in the PREDIMED-Plus Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 150 (12) ◽  
pp. 3161-3170
Author(s):  
Alicia Julibert ◽  
Maria del Mar Bibiloni ◽  
Laura Gallardo-Alfaro ◽  
Manuela Abbate ◽  
Miguel Á Martínez-González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Excess Weight ◽  
Study Cohort

ABSTRACT Background High nut consumption has been previously associated with decreased prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) regardless of race and dietary patterns. Objectives The aim of this study was to assess whether changes in nut consumption over a 1-y follow-up are associated with changes in features of MetS in a middle-aged and older Spanish population at high cardiovascular disease risk. Methods This prospective 1-y follow-up cohort study, conducted in the framework of the PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea (PREDIMED)-Plus randomized trial, included 5800 men and women (55–75 y old) with overweight/obesity [BMI (in kg/m2) ≥27 and &lt;40] and MetS. Nut consumption (almonds, pistachios, walnuts, and other nuts) was assessed using data from a validated FFQ. The primary outcome was the change from baseline to 1 y in features of MetS [waist circumference (WC), glycemia, HDL cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), and systolic and diastolic blood pressure] and excess weight (body weight and BMI) according to tertiles of change in nut consumption. Secondary outcomes included changes in dietary and lifestyle characteristics. A generalized linear model was used to compare 1-y changes in features of MetS, weight, dietary intakes, and lifestyle characteristics across tertiles of change in nut consumption. Results As nut consumption increased, between each tertile there was a significant decrease in WC, TG, systolic blood pressure, weight, and BMI (P &lt; 0.05), and a significant increase in HDL cholesterol (only in women, P = 0.044). The interaction effect between time and group was significant for total energy intake (P &lt; 0.001), adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) (P &lt; 0.001), and nut consumption (P &lt; 0.001). Across tertiles of increasing nut consumption there was a significant increase in extra virgin olive oil intake and adherence to the MedDiet; change in energy intake, on the other hand, was inversely related to consumption of nuts. Conclusions Features of MetS and excess weight were inversely associated with nut consumption after a 1-y follow-up in the PREDIMED-Plus study cohort. This trial was registered at isrctn.com as ISRCTN89898870.

scholarly journals Joint association between education and polygenic risk score for incident coronary heart disease events: a longitudinal population-based study of 26 203 men and women

2021 ◽  
pp. jech-2020-214358
Author(s):  
Pekka Martikainen ◽  
Kaarina Korhonen ◽  
Aline Jelenkovic ◽  
Hannu Lahtinen ◽  
Aki Havulinna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Risk Score ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Polygenic Risk Score ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Region Of Residence

BackgroundGenetic vulnerability to coronary heart disease (CHD) is well established, but little is known whether these effects are mediated or modified by equally well-established social determinants of CHD. We estimate the joint associations of the polygenetic risk score (PRS) for CHD and education on CHD events.MethodsThe data are from the 1992, 1997, 2002, 2007 and 2012 surveys of the population-based FINRISK Study including measures of social, behavioural and metabolic factors and genome-wide genotypes (N=26 203). Follow-up of fatal and non-fatal incident CHD events (N=2063) was based on nationwide registers.ResultsAllowing for age, sex, study year, region of residence, study batch and principal components, those in the highest quartile of PRS for CHD had strongly increased risk of CHD events compared with the lowest quartile (HR=2.26; 95% CI: 1.97 to 2.59); associations were also observed for low education (HR=1.58; 95% CI: 1.32 to 1.89). These effects were largely independent of each other. Adjustment for baseline smoking, alcohol use, body mass index, igh-density lipoprotein (HDL) and total cholesterol, blood pressure and diabetes attenuated the PRS associations by 10% and the education associations by 50%. We do not find strong evidence of interactions between PRS and education.ConclusionsPRS and education predict CHD events, and these associations are independent of each other. Both can improve CHD prediction beyond behavioural risks. The results imply that observational studies that do not have information on genetic risk factors for CHD do not provide confounded estimates for the association between education and CHD.

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