scholarly journals Using systems thinking to study the coordination of the water–sediment–electricity coupling system: a case study on the Yellow River

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuansheng Zhang ◽  
Zhiwei Cao ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Xin Jin
Keyword(s):  
Systems Thinking ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
Entropy Weight ◽  
Flood Season ◽  
Irrigation Period ◽  
Electricity System ◽  
Coupling System ◽  
Entropy Weight Method

AbstractJoint operation of the Longyangxia and Liujiaxia reservoirs (Long-Liu operation) is of great significance for water and sediment regulation in the Yellow River. The water–sediment–electricity coupling system is a giant system with complex nonlinear relationships. A reliable Long-Liu operation scheme facilitates maximization of the benefits of the water–sediment–electricity system. Based on systems thinking, this paper quantitatively evaluated the reliability of different Long-Liu operation schemes and coordination of the water–sediment–electricity coupling system through the entropy weight method and dissipative structure model. The results indicated that the current operation scheme is more reliable than the adjusted scheme at the inter-annual scale and during the summer-autumn flood season and ice flood season within a year. However, the operation scheme should be improved during the spring irrigation period. The key factors influencing the quality of the water–sediment–electricity system include the outflow of the Liujiaxia reservoir, incoming sediment load into the Yellow River at Toudaoguai, sediment inflow-outflow difference in the Ningxia-Inner Mongolia Reach, water flow at Lanzhou and power generation upstream of Toudaoguai. The water–sediment–electricity system under the current Long-Liu operation scheme is more coordinated than that in the adjusted state, but the overall coordinated development of the system remains at a low activity level.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Water Quality and Heavy Metals in Wetlands along the Yellow River in Henan Province

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong ◽  
Zhao ◽  
Chang ◽  
Peng ◽  
Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Spatiotemporal Variation ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
Lower Yellow River ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentrations ◽  
Flood Season

Assessing spatiotemporal variation in water quality and heavy metals concentrations in wetlands and identifying metal contamination source are crucial steps for the protection and sustainable utilization of water resources. Using the water quality identification index (Iwq), heavy metal pollution index (HPI), hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and redundancy analysis (RDA), we evaluated spatiotemporal variation in water quality and heavy metals concentrations, and their interrelation in wetlands along the middle and lower Yellow River. The average Iwq was highest during flood season but the average HPI was lowest in the same season. Meanwhile, the trend in mean HPI across three hydrological seasons was the opposite to that of mean Iwq. There was significant variation in wetlands water pollution status across seasons. During the flood season, the wetlands in the affected area with hanging river were seriously polluted. In other seasons, pollution in the artificial wetlands was even more severe. Moreover, serious pollution of wetlands in belt transect #03 (Yuanyang-Zhongmu) was more frequent. Dissolved oxygen and chemical oxygen demand strongly influenced heavy metal concentrations, while other water quality parameters had different influences on heavy metal concentrations in different hydrological seasons. The causes of water pollution were divided into natural factors and human disturbance (with potential relationships between them). The polluted wetlands were greatly affected by the Yellow River during the flood season while they were more impacted by agricultural and domestic sewage discharge in other seasons. However, heavy metal deposition and leaching into riparian wetlands were still affected by diverse channel conditions. If this trend is allowed to continue unabated, wetlands along the middle and lower Yellow River are likely to lose their vital ecological and social functions.

Unsaturated Soil Mechanical Strength Experiment Study for the Yellow Levee

2010 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 167-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Lan ◽  
Jun Xia Zhang ◽  
Min Zhang ◽  
Shou Gang Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Unsaturated Soil ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
Experiment Study ◽  
Flood Season ◽  
Mechanical Experiment ◽  
Soil Shear Strength ◽  
Slope Collapse ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
River Dike

The soil unsaturated property is one of the main factors happening dike dangers such as craze and hole, even seriously slope collapse in the Yellow River dike. Based on the study of unsaturated mechanical experiment, the soil shear strength model formula can be proposed , and the changing rule of unsaturated soil mechanical properties be investigated for the typical levee soil of the Yellow River. It can provide theoretical and technical support for preventing the dike danger occurring, reducing the danger rate during the flood season, and establishing defend methods and instructing flood-defended.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Happy River Index as an Integrated Index of River Health and Human Well-Being: A Case Study of the Yellow River, China

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3064
Author(s):  
Qiting Zuo ◽  
Minghui Hao ◽  
Zhizhuo Zhang ◽  
Long Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Yellow River ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
Assessment Framework ◽  
Entropy Weight ◽  
River Health ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy

Acceleration urbanization and industrialization has resulted in challenges such as river ecosystem degradation and water scarcity that have hindered sustainable development in China. Healthy rivers provide ecosystem services that improve human well-being. The Happy River Index (HRI) integrates trends in river health and human well-being. This study aimed to establish an HRI assessment framework. The assessment framework was applied to the Yellow River, China at three spatial scales in which the analytic hierarchy process (AHP)-entropy weight and single index quantification-multiple indices syntheses-poly-criteria integration (SMI-P) methods were utilized. Limiting factors were diagnosed by the obstacle degree model and approaches to improve the HRI in regions along the Yellow River are suggested. The results showed that: (1) the overall HRI of the Yellow River was relatively low, with some differences among different regions; (2) the HRI for the upper, middle, and lower reaches of the Yellow River showed a decreasing trend from 0.77 to 0.65; (3) Sichuan had the highest HRI at the regional scale, followed by Gansu and Qinghai, whereas Inner Mongolia had the lowest; (4) scarcity of water resources and the fragility of the ecological environment were the two dominant factors restricting the improvement of the HRI in regions along the Yellow River. The results of this study can provide a valuable reference for protection of river health and improvement of human well-being in China.

scholarly journals Theory and Practice of water and sediment regulation in flood season of Yellow River in 2018

2018 ◽  
Vol 246 ◽  
pp. 01048
Author(s):  
Yuanjian Wang ◽  
Enhui Jiang ◽  
Xinjie Li ◽  
Xin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Yellow River ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Regulation System ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Sediment Control ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Flood Season ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
Water And Sediment Regulation

In recent years, the water and sediment pattern of the Yellow River has changed significantly, and a preliminary water and sediment regulation system was constructed. Based on a summary of the regulation principles of water and sediment in the Middle Yellow River, this paper proposes three key technologies to determine the water and sediment control thresholds, the artificial creation of a long-distance density current, and an engineering regulation for water and sediment control of the Yellow River. Taking the actual flood and sedimentation regulation of the Yellow River Basin in 2018 as an example, the practical applications of these relevant technologies are analyzed. This study provides an important theoretical and practical reference for the flood and sediment regulation of sediment-laden rivers in arid and semi-arid areas during flood season.

scholarly journals Analysis of Natural Streamflow Variation and Its Influential Factors on the Yellow River from 1957 to 2010

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Wu ◽  
Zhihui Wang ◽  
Zengchuan Dong ◽  
Qiuhong Tang ◽  
Xizhi Lv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yellow River ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Annual Precipitation ◽  
Series Data ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
Annual Streamflow ◽  
Flood Season ◽  
Precipitation Decrease ◽  
The Impact

In this study, variation characteristics of hydrometeorological factors were explored based on observed time-series data between 1957 and 2010 in four subregions of the Yellow River Basin. For each region, precipitation–streamflow models at annual and flood-season scales were developed to quantify the impact of annual precipitation, temperature, percentage of flood-season precipitation, and anthropogenic interference. The sensitivities of annual streamflow to these three climatic factors were then calculated using a modified elasticity coefficient model. The results presented the following: (1) Annual streamflow exhibited a negative trend in all regions; (2) The reduction of annual streamflow was mainly caused by a precipitation decrease and temperature increase for all regions before 2000, whereas the contribution of anthropogenic interference increased significantly—more than 45%, except for Tang-Tou region after 2000. The percentage of flood-season precipitation variation can also be responsible for annual streamflow reduction with a range of 7.36% (Tang-Tou) to 21.88% (Source); (3) Annual streamflow was more sensitive to annual precipitation than temperature in the humid region, and the opposite situation was observed in the arid region. The sensitivities to intra-annual climate variation increased after 2000 for all regions, and the increase was more significant in Tou-Long and Long-Hua regions.

Characteristics Identification of Runoff and Sediment Flux Based on Wavelet Analysis Approach in Lower Yellow River

2014 ◽  
Vol 700 ◽  
pp. 506-510
Author(s):  
Yu Zhi Shi ◽  
Ming Yuan Fan ◽  
Yu Yan Zhang ◽  
Hai Jiao Liu ◽  
Xiao Feng Yang
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Wavelet Analysis ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Sediment Flux ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
Lower Yellow River ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Flood Season ◽  
Water And Sediment

Due to the influences of climate change and human activities, the water and sediment flux of the Yellow River are certainly changing. This paper selects monthly time series of runoff and sediment flux from 1950 to 2009 for study at Lijin station, in lower Yellow River. A widely used identification method, wavelet analysis, is applied for recognizing changing point and cycle of the runoff and sediment respectively in multi-scale of annual, flood season and non-flood season. The results indicate that there are two significant changing points in 1985, 2002 year, and cycle recognized results are different in multi-scale as well as with different hydrology factors.

scholarly journals Chemical Characteristics And Factors Affecting Groundwater Chemistry From The Yellow River Irrigation Area In Tumochuan Plain In The Middle And Upper Reaches of The Yellow River Basin

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zihe Wang ◽  
Jing Jin ◽  
Wei Liu ◽  
Tenglin Deng ◽  
Yiping Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Yellow River Basin ◽  
Chemical Constituent ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Irrigation Area ◽  
Irrigation Period ◽  
Material Sources ◽  
The Yellow River Basin

Abstract The Yellow River irrigation area in Tumochuan Plain is one of the primary grain production areas in the middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River Basin (YRB). The groundwater in the area is bitter and salty, which significantly influences drinking water safety of residents. To investigate its chemical characteristics and material sources, we collected 12 groundwater samplings, 3 irrigation water samplings, and 1 precipitation sample during the winter irrigation period (WIP) in November 2016 and the spring irrigation period (SIP) in April 2017, respectively. We then analysed the hydrogen and oxygen stable isotopes and hydrochemical characteristics of the shallow groundwater in the study area and investigated their affecting factors by using environmental isotopes, Gibbs diagrams, Schoeller diagrams, and ion proportionality coefficient analysis. Next, we qualitatively analysed the material sources. The results show the followings: (1) The concentrations of major ions in groundwater in the SIP are generally higher than in the WIP, which may be recharged by snow melting water in the spring. (2) The average values of δD and δ18O for the groundwater are -78.0‰ and -10.3‰, respectively, in the WIP and -77.4‰ and -10.3‰, respectively, in the SIP. However, the characteristics of hydrogen and oxygen isotopes in the groundwater are almost identical in the WIP and SIP. (3) The formation of groundwater chemical constituent are controlled by evaporation concentration and lixiviation, and dissolution of evaporite and mirabilite is the most important factor. Synchronously, the formation of groundwater chemical constituent is also influenced ion exchange and human activities. The study provides effective guidance for groundwater resource development in arid and semi-arid regions.

Social Benefits on the Implementation of Integrated Water Allocation in the Yellow River

2012 ◽  
Vol 212-213 ◽  
pp. 574-577
Author(s):  
Mai Huan Zhao ◽  
Chen Guang Xu ◽  
Li Yuan He
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Water Allocation ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Environmental Water ◽  
Social Effects ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Flood Season ◽  
The Social

The situation in the 1990’s before the implementation of integrated water allocation in the Yellow River and the situation after the implementation between 1999 and 2008 are compared, and a combination of qualitative and quantitative analysis is adopted to assess the social effects of the ten year’s integrated water allocation in the Yellow River. The agricultural surface water consumption after the water regulation averagely decreased 17.7*108m3, and the eco-environmental water in the lower reaches during the non-flood season increased 14.6*108m3,which curbed the decreasing trend of ecological water use for the channel from the 1970s to1990s.The results show that the integrated water allocation in the Yellow River has established a comparatively fair order for water use, guaranteed the water supply safety and the national food safety.

scholarly journals Evolution of Groundwater in Yinchuan Oasis at the Upper Reaches of the Yellow River after Water-Saving Transformation and Its Driving Factors

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 1304
Author(s):  
Lina Mi ◽  
Juncang Tian ◽  
Jianning Si ◽  
Yuchun Chen ◽  
Yinghai Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Shallow Groundwater ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Water Saving ◽  
Driving Factors ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
Agricultural Water ◽  
Irrigation Area ◽  
Irrigation Period

In recent years, the amount of water diverted from the Yellow River has been decreasing year by year, which is the biggest problem for the development and utilization of water resources in Yinchuan Oasis (YCO). Through the implementation of the Agricultural Water-saving Transformation Project (AWSTP), water resource shortage in the YCO has been alleviated greatly, and ecological degradation problems, such as soil salinization, have also been effectively addressed. However, how the shallow groundwater in YCO has changed after the AWSTP remains unclear. This paper, based on a lot of statistical data and measured data, and by using statistical and geostatistical methods, reveals the evolution of shallow groundwater in YCO in the past 18 years (2000–2017), since the implementation of the AWSTP and its driving factors, from two aspects: groundwater dynamics and groundwater quality. The results show that compared with the initial stage of AWSTP, the amount of water diverted from the Yellow River for the YCO reduced by 36%, and accordingly, the average groundwater depth in the irrigation period increased from 0.98 m to 2.01 m, representing an increase of 1.03 m, and an average annual increase of 6cm. Moreover, the depth increase in the irrigation period is higher than that in the non-irrigation period, and that in the Northern Irrigation Area (NIA) is higher than that in the Southern Irrigation Area (SIA). Furthermore, the groundwater storage is decreasing at a rate of 855.6 × 104 m3·a−1, and the cumulative storage has reduced by nearly 1.54 × 108 m3, indicating that it is in a long-term negative equilibrium. In terms of temporal and spatial distribution of total dissolved solids (TDS) in groundwater, the TDS in SIA and NIA decreased from 1.41 g·L−1 and 1.84 g·L−1 to 1.15 g·L−1 and 1.77 g·L−1, respectively. The saline water area with a TDS above 5 g·L−1 and the freshwater area with a TDS below 1 g·L−1 decreased by 16.6 km2 and 334.4 km2, respectively, while the brackish water area with a TDS of 1~3 g·L−1 increased by 492 km2. The spatial and temporal distribution heterogeneity of TDS in groundwater is reduced and is in a slight desalinized trend overall. However, the groundwater in some areas, such as the Xingqing District, Jinfeng District, Xixia District, Yongning County, Helan County and Huinong District of Yinchuan Oasis, is at risk of further salinization. Due to the agricultural water-saving caused by the reduction of water amount diverted from the Yellow River, the groundwater recharge in YCO was reduced by 36.3%, which, together with measures such as drainage, groundwater exploitation, and industrial restructuring, drives the groundwater circulation in the YCO to a new equilibrium. This study can help us to understand the influencing process and mechanism of agricultural water-saving on groundwater systems in YCO and provide reference for efficient use and optimal allocation and management of agricultural water resources.

scholarly journals Spatial Variability and Periodicity of Precipitation in the Middle Reaches of the Yellow River, China

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi He ◽  
Xingmin Mu ◽  
Peng Gao ◽  
Guangju Zhao ◽  
Fei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hurst Exponent ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Flood Season ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Mode Decomposition ◽  
Circulation Patterns

Rainfall is one of the most important reasons causing the soil erosion in the Loess Plateau. The precipitation across the most severely eroded areas in middle reaches of the Yellow River (MRYR), China, was investigated by analyzing the precipitation of flood season(Pf)and precipitation of main flood season(Pmf)from 26 meteorological stations during the period from 1958 to 2013. The empirical orthogonal function (EOF), ensemble empirical mode decomposition, and Hurst exponent are used to detect spatial, multiscale characteristics of periodicity and trend for precipitation. The results show that there exist quasi-3- and quasi-6-year interannual periods and quasi-11- and quasi-28-year interdecadal scale periods forPfandPmf. However, periodical features in most of the study area are not statistically noticeable. Moreover, first EOFs indicated precipitation was affected by the large-scale circulation patterns, and the spatial patterns of the second EOFs indicated an obviously north-south gradient in the MRYR, whereas the third EOFs displayed east-west patterns. Hurst exponent analysis indicates that precipitation inPfandPmfwill continue the current trends in the future. These findings can provide important implications for ecological restoration and farming operations across the study region.

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