scholarly journals Spectral Power Density analysis of the resting-state as a marker of the central effects of opioid use in fibromyalgia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxciel Zortea ◽  
Gerardo Beltran ◽  
Rael Lopes Alves ◽  
Paul Vicuña ◽  
Iraci L. S. Torres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Density ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Spectral Power ◽  
Surrogate Marker ◽  
Spectral Power Density ◽  
Beta Activity ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Opioid Users

AbstractSpectral power density (SPD) indexed by electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings has recently gained attention in elucidating neural mechanisms of chronic pain syndromes and medication use. We compared SPD variations between 15 fibromyalgia (FM) women in use of opioid in the last three months (73.33% used tramadol) with 32 non-users. EEG data were obtained with Eyes Open (EO) and Eyes Closed (EC) resting state. SPD peak amplitudes between EO-EC were smaller in opioid users in central theta, central beta, and parietal beta, and at parietal delta. However, these variations were positive for opioid users. Multivariate analyses of variance (ANOVAs) revealed that EO-EC variations in parietal delta were negatively correlated with the disability due to pain, and central and parietal beta activity variations were positively correlated with worse sleep quality. These clinical variables explained from 12.5 to 17.2% of SPD variance. In addition, central beta showed 67% sensitivity / 72% specificity and parietal beta showed 73% sensitivity/62% specificity in discriminating opioid users from non-users. These findings suggest oscillations in EEG might be a sensitive surrogate marker to screen FM opioid users and a promising tool to understand the effects of opioid use and how these effects relate to functional and sleep-related symptoms.

scholarly journals The Prediction of Acute Postoperative Pain Based on Neural Oscillations Measured before the Surgery

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Qi Han ◽  
Lupeng Yue ◽  
Fei Gao ◽  
Libo Zhang ◽  
Li Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Pain ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Spectral Power ◽  
Spectral Power Density ◽  
Gamma Band ◽  
Neural Oscillations ◽  
Acute Postoperative Pain ◽  
Pain Mechanisms ◽  
Gamma Band Oscillations

Even with an improved understanding of pain mechanisms and advances in perioperative pain management, inadequately controlled postoperative pain remains. Predicting acute postoperative pain based on presurgery physiological measures could provide valuable insights into individualized, effective analgesic strategies, thus helping improve the analgesic efficacy. Considering the strong correlation between pain perception and neural oscillations, we hypothesize that acute postoperative pain could be predicted by neural oscillations measured shortly before the surgery. Here, we explored the relationship between neural oscillations 2 hours before the thoracoscopic surgery and the subjective intensity of acute postoperative pain. The spectral power density of resting-state beta and gamma band oscillations at the frontocentral region was significantly different between patients with different levels of acute postoperative pain (i.e., low pain vs. moderate/high pain). A positive correlation was also observed between the spectral power density of resting-state beta and gamma band oscillations and subjective reports of postoperative pain. Then, we predicted the level of acute postoperative pain based on features of neural oscillations using machine learning techniques, which achieved a prediction accuracy of 92.54% and a correlation coefficient between the real pain intensities and the predicted pain intensities of 0.84. Altogether, the prediction of acute postoperative pain based on neural oscillations measured before the surgery is feasible and could meet the clinical needs in the future for better control of postoperative pain and other unwanted negative effects. The study was registered on the Clinical Trial Registry (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03761576?term=NCT03761576&draw=2&rank=1) with the registration number NCT03761576.

scholarly journals The Changes of Ergonomic Engine Vibroacoustic Response Regarding Their Development

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 4215
Author(s):  
Radosław Wróbel ◽  
Lech Sitnik ◽  
Monika Andrych-Zalewska ◽  
Łukasz Łoza ◽  
Radostin Dimitrov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Power Density ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Spectral Power ◽  
Spectral Power Density ◽  
Steering Wheel ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Head Restraint ◽  
Vibroacoustic Response

The article presents the results of research on the vibroacoustic response of internal combustion engines mounted in a vehicle. The vehicles studied belong to popular models, which became available in successive versions. Each group included vehicles of the same model of an older generation (equipped with a naturally aspirated engine) and of a newer generation, including downsized (and turbocharged) engines. Tests in each group were carried out under repeatable conditions on a chassis-load dynamometer. The vibrations were measured using single-axis accelerometers mounted on the steering wheel, engine, and driver’s head restraint mounting. The primary purpose of the study was to verify whether the new generations of vehicles equipped with additional high-speed elements (compressors) generate additional harmonics (especially those within the range potentially affecting travel comfort and human health) and whether there are significant changes in the distribution of spectral power density in the new generations. As the study showed, new generations of vehicles are characterized by a different vibroacoustic response, and the trend of change is the same in each of the families studied.

scholarly journals Control and prediction protocol for bearing failure through spectral power density

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 651-657
Author(s):  
Javier Castilla-Gutiérrez ◽  
Juan Carlos Fortes ◽  
Jose Miguel Davila
Keyword(s):  
Power Density ◽  
Spectral Power ◽  
Spectral Power Density ◽  
Bearing Failure

BIOELECTRIC ACTIVITY OF THE BRAIN IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT

Vestnik ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
Д.А. Митрохин ◽  
М.М. Ибрагимов ◽  
Б.Р. Нурмухамбетова ◽  
Н.Ш. Буйракулова ◽  
В.В. Харченко ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽  
Spectral Power ◽  
Spectral Power Density ◽  
Cerebral Stroke ◽  
Beta Activity ◽  
Bioelectric Activity ◽  
Early Recovery ◽  
Coherence Index ◽  
The Brain

Значимость биоэлектрической активности головного мозга в оценке функционального состояния нервной системы при цереброваскулярных заболеваниях широко известна. В настоящей работе показана характеристика биоэлектрической активности головного мозга у больных, перенесших острое нарушение мозгового кровообращения. В данной статье приведены данные о том, что у больных в остром и раннем восстановительном периодах церебрального инсульта биоэлектрическая активность головного мозга характеризовалась, в основном, десинхронным и дезорганизованным типами электроэнцефалограммы. Вместе с тем, отмечались, выраженная дельта и тета активность, а также единичные острые волны, спайки, преимущественно в пораженном полушарии головного мозга, реже в контралатеральном полушарии, межполушарная асимметрия, повышение мощности спектров в сторону преобладания медленных волн. Показатели индекса когерентности по всем отведениям были снижены, что свидетельствует о нарушении функциональных межполушарных взаимосвязей. Более значительное повышение индекса когерентности в дельта и тета диапазонах у пациентов, перенесших геморрагический инсульт, может указывать на более грубые межполушарные нарушения, в сравнении с ишемическим инсультом. Результаты исследования относительной спектральной плотности мощности диапазонов показали, что при геморрагическом инсульте отмечена более высокая дельта и бета активность, а также более значительное снижение мощности альфа ритма, в сравнении с ишемическим инсультом. В тоже время, отмечается повышение интегрального индекса диапазона низкочастотной медленно-волновой активности, особенно выраженное у больных с геморрагическим инсультом р<0,05. The significance of bioelectric activity of the brain in assessing the functional state of the nervous system in cerebrovascular diseases is widely known. In this paper, the characteristics of the bioelectric activity of the brain in patients with acute cerebral circulatory disorders are shown. This article presents data that in patients with acute and early recovery periods of cerebral stroke , the bioelectric activity of the brain was characterized mainly by desynchronous and disorganized types of electroencephalogram. At the, same time, pronounced delta and theta activity was noted , as well as single acute waves, spikes, mainly in the affected hemisphere of the brain, less often in the contralateral hemisphere, interhemispheric asymmetry, increased spectral power in the direction of predominance of slow waves. The coherence index values for all leads were reduced, which indicates a violation of functional interhemispheric relationships. A more significant increase in the coherence index in the delta and theta ranges in patients who have had a hemorrhagic stroke may indicate more severe interhemispheric disorders compared to ischemic stroke. The results of the study of the relative spectral power density of the ranges showed, that in hemorrhagic stroke, there was a higher delta and beta activity, as well as a more significant decrease in the power of the alpha rhythm, in comparison with ischemic stroke. At the same time, there is an increase in the integral index of the range of low-frequency slow-wave activity, especially pronounced in patients with hemorrhagic stroke p < 0.05.

scholarly journals The Spectral Power Density and Shadowing Function of a Glacial Microrelief at the Decimetre Scale

1979 ◽  
Vol 23 (89) ◽  
pp. 57-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.-P. Benoist
Keyword(s):  
Power Density ◽  
Gaussian Distribution ◽  
Spectral Power ◽  
Spectral Power Density ◽  
Total Length ◽  
Theoretical Function ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Longitudinal Profiles ◽  
Non Gaussian

Abstract Longitudinal profiles of roches moutonnées have been measured once every centimetre over a total length of more than 100 m. Only wavelengths in the range 3.6 cm &lt; λ &lt; 40 cm have been kept and analysed. Levels and their slopes have a symmetrical, non-Gaussian distribution. The spectral power density varies roughly as γ 0 ν–n (ν ═ wavenumber ═ 1/λ); n being the same for all the profiles (n ═ 2.36) and γ 0 being dependent on the studied area. No significant difference has been found for the shadowing function of the different studied areas. It differs consistently from Smith’s theoretical function.

scholarly journals Effects of Diazepam on Low-Frequency and High-Frequency Electrocortical γ-Power Mediated by α1- and α2-GABAA Receptors

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (14) ◽  
pp. 3486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian I. Hofmann ◽  
Cornelius Schwarz ◽  
Uwe Rudolph ◽  
Bernd Antkowiak
Keyword(s):  
Power Density ◽  
Gabaa Receptors ◽  
Barrel Cortex ◽  
Spectral Power ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Electric Activity ◽  
Spectral Power Density ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Potential Activity ◽  
Α2 Receptors

Patterns of spontaneous electric activity in the cerebral cortex change upon administration of benzodiazepines. Here we are testing the hypothesis that the prototypical benzodiazepine, diazepam, affects spectral power density in the low (20–50 Hz) and high (50–90 Hz) γ-band by targeting GABAA receptors harboring α1- and α2-subunits. Local field potentials (LFPs) and action potentials were recorded in the barrel cortex of wild type mice and two mutant strains in which the drug exclusively acted via GABAA receptors containing either α1- (DZα1-mice) or α2-subunits (DZα2-mice). In wild type mice, diazepam enhanced low γ-power. This effect was also evident in DZα2-mice, while diazepam decreased low γ-power in DZα1-mice. Diazepam increased correlated local LFP-activity in wild type animals and DZα2- but not in DZα1-mice. In all genotypes, spectral power density in the high γ-range and multi-unit action potential activity declined upon diazepam administration. We conclude that diazepam modifies low γ-power in opposing ways via α1- and α2-GABAA receptors. The drug’s boosting effect involves α2-receptors and an increase in local intra-cortical synchrony. Furthermore, it is important to make a distinction between high- and low γ-power when evaluating the effects of drugs that target GABAA receptors.

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