Antimicrobial activity of a novel Spanish propolis against planktonic and sessile oral Streptococcus spp

AbstractIncreased bacterial resistance to traditional antimicrobial agents has prompted the use of natural products with antimicrobial properties such as propolis, extensively employed since ancient times. However, the chemical composition of propolis extracts is extremely complex and has been shown to vary depending on the region and season of collection, due to variations in the flora from which the pharmacological substances are obtained, being therefore essential for their antimicrobial activity to be checked before use. For this purpose, we evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial and anti-biofilm activity of a new and promising Spanish ethanolic extract of propolis (SEEP) on Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguinis, responsible, as dominant ‘pioneer’ species, for dental plaque. Results reveal that S. sanguinis is more sensitive to SEEP, slowing and retarding its growth considerably with lower concentrations than those needed to produce the same effect in S. mutans. SEEP presents concentration- and time-dependent killing activity and, furthermore, some of the subinhibitory concentrations employed increased biofilm formation even when bacterial growth decreased. Mono and dual-species biofilms were also inhibited by SEEP. Findings obtained clearly show the relevance of using biofilm and subinhibitory concentration models to determine optimal treatment concentrations.

Download Full-text

An In Vitro Study on the Antimicrobial Properties of Essential Oil Modified Resin Composite against Oral Pathogens

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma13194383 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (19) ◽

pp. 4383

Author(s):

Barbara Lapinska ◽

Aleksandra Szram ◽

Beata Zarzycka ◽

Janina Grzegorczyk ◽

Louis Hardan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Antifungal Activity ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Resin Composite ◽

Antimicrobial Properties ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Oral Pathogens

Modifying the composition of dental restorative materials with antimicrobial agents might induce their antibacterial potential against cariogenic bacteria, e.g., S.mutans and L.acidophilus, as well as antifungal effect on C.albicans that are major oral pathogens. Essential oils (EOs) are widely known for antimicrobial activity and are successfully used in dental industry. The study aimed at evaluating antibacterial and antifungal activity of EOs and composite resin material (CR) modified with EO against oral pathogens. Ten EOs (i.e., anise, cinnamon, citronella, clove, geranium, lavender, limette, mint, rosemary thyme) were tested using agar diffusion method. Cinnamon and thyme EOs showed significantly highest antibacterial activity against S.mutans and L.acidophilus among all tested EOs. Anise and limette EOs showed no antibacterial activity against S.mutans. All tested EOs exhibited antifungal activity against C.albicans, whereas cinnamon EO showed significantly highest and limette EO significantly lowest activity. Next, 1, 2 or 5 µL of cinnamon EO was introduced into 2 g of CR and microbiologically tested. The modified CR showed higher antimicrobial activity in comparison to unmodified one. CR containing 2 µL of EO showed the best antimicrobial properties against S.mutans and C.albicans, while CR modified with 1 µL of EO showed the best antimicrobial properties against L.acidophilus.

Download Full-text

Antimicrobial Activity of Leaves and Flowers of Cassia auriculata linn

Bangladesh Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research ◽

10.3329/bjsir.v46i4.9600 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 46 (4) ◽

pp. 513-518 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

V Subhadradevi ◽

K Asokkumar ◽

M Umamaheswari ◽

AT Sivashanmugam ◽

JR Ushanandhini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Dominant Role ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Cassia Auriculata ◽

Potential Source ◽

Wide Range ◽

Ancient Times

Since ancient times plant as sources of medicinal compounds have continued to play a dominant role in the maintenance of human health. To treat chronic and infectious diseases plants used in traditional medicine contain a wide range of ingredients. In this regard, Cassia auriculata L. (Caesalpiniaceae) is widely used in Ayurvedic medicine as a tonic, astringent and as a remedy for diabetes, conjunctivitis, ulcers, leprosy, skin and liver diseases. The aim of present study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extract of Cassia auriculata leaves and flowers (CALE & CAFE). CALE and CAFE exhibited broad spectrum antimicrobial activity against standard strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis and exhibited no antifungal activity against standard strains of Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and Minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) was carried out for CALE and CAFE. The results obtained in the present study indicate that the CALE and CAFE can be a potential source of natural antimicrobial agents. Key words: Cassia auriculata; Antimicrobial activity; Agar well diffusion method. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v46i4.9600 BJSIR 2011; 46(4): 513-518

Download Full-text

In Vitro Antifungal and Antivirulence Activities of Biologically Synthesized Ethanolic Extract of Propolis-Loaded PLGA Nanoparticles against Candida albicans

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2019/3715481 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Anupon Iadnut ◽

Ketsaya Mamoon ◽

Patcharin Thammasit ◽

Sudjai Pawichai ◽

Singkome Tima ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antifungal Activity ◽

Virulence Factors ◽

Antimicrobial Properties ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Vero Cells ◽

Plga Nanoparticles ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Free Form ◽

Ethanolic Extract Of Propolis

Propolis is a natural substance and consists of bioactive compounds, which gives it antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. However, the use of propolis is limited by the low solubility in aqueous solutions. Thus, nanoparticles may be likely to accomplish enhanced delivery of poorly water-soluble phytomedicine. The aim of the present study was to fabricate and evaluate the biological activity of ethanolic extract of propolis-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles (EEP-NPs). The EEP-NPs were prepared using the oil-in-water (o/w) single-emulsion solvent evaporation technique. The physicochemical properties of EEP-NPs were characterized and tested on their cytotoxicity, antifungal activity, and impact on key virulence factors that contribute to pathogenesis of C. albicans. EEP-NPs were successfully synthesized and demonstrated higher antifungal activity than EEP in free form. Moreover, EEP-NPs exhibited less cytotoxicity on Vero cells and suppressed the virulence factors of C. albicans, including adhesion, hyphal germination, biofilm formation, and invasion. Importantly, EEP-NPs exhibited a statistical decrease in the expression of hyphal adhesion-related genes, ALS3 and HWP1, of C. albicans. The results of this study revealed that EEP-NPs mediates a potent anticandidal activity and key virulence factors by reducing the gene-encoding virulence-associated hyphal- adhesion proteins of C. albicans and, thereby, disrupting the morphologic presence and attenuating their virulence.

Download Full-text

IN VITRO SCREENING OF ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OBTAINED FROM FICUS LYRATA WARB. (MORACEAE) LEAVES

Agroecological journal ◽

10.33730/2077-4893.2.2016.249300 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

H. Tkachenko ◽

L. Buyun ◽

Z. Osadovskyy ◽

M. Truhan ◽

Ye. Sosnowski ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Traditional Use ◽

Agar Disc ◽

Ficus Lyrata

In the current investigation, screening of ethanolic extract obtained from Ficus lyrata leaves against pathogenic bacteria has been done in order to assess the antimicrobial activity aimed at detecting new sources of antimicrobial agents. The antimicrobial activity of the extract was determined using agar disc diffusion method. The antibacterial activity of leaf extract of F. lyrata was tested against human pathogenic bacteria — both Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant S. aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae) and Gram-negative strains (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli). The results of this study provide evidence that the ethanolic extract of F. lyrata leaves has a mild antimicrobial activities, apparently, attributed to the presence of various secondary metabolites, which confirm the traditional use of this plant for the treatment of diseases caused by pathogens. These data allow us to suggest that the extracts of F. lyrata can be used to discover antibacterial substances for developing new pharmaceuticals to control clinically important pathogens responsible for severe disorders.

Download Full-text

Design, Synthesis and In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of 6-(1H-Benzimidazol-2-yl)-3,5-dimethyl-4-oxo-2-thio-3,4-dihydrothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidines

Scientia Pharmaceutica ◽

10.3390/scipharm89040049 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 89 (4) ◽

pp. 49

Author(s):

Sergiy V. Vlasov ◽

Olena D. Vlasova ◽

Hanna I. Severina ◽

Konstantin Y. Krolenko ◽

Oleksandr V. Borysov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Carboxylic Acid ◽

Bacterial Resistance ◽

Rapid Development ◽

Antimicrobial Properties ◽

Docking Studies ◽

Antibacterial Drug ◽

Design Synthesis ◽

Drug Candidates

The rapid development in bacterial resistance to many groups of known antibiotics forces the researchers to discover antibacterial drug candidates with previously unknown mechanisms of action, one of the most relevant being the inhibition of tRNA (Guanine37-N1)-methyltransferase (TrmD). The discovery of selective TrmD inhibitors in the series of carboxamide derivatives of thienopyrimidines became a background for further modification of the similar structures aimed at the development of promising antibacterial agents. As part of this research, we carried out the construction of heterocyclic hybrids bearing the moieties of thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine and benzimidazole starting from 3,5-dimethyl-4-oxo-2-thioxo-1H-thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-6-carboxylic acid, which was used as the pivotal intermediate. The hybrid molecule of 6-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)-3,5-dimethyl-2-thioxo-1H-thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-one prepared via condensation of the carboxylic acid with ortho-phenylenediamine was further alkylated with aryl/hetaryl chloroacetamides and benzyl chloride to produce the series of S-alkyl derivatives. The results of molecular docking studies for the obtained series of S-alkyl benzimidazole-thienopyrimidines showed their high affinity to the TrmD isolated from the P. aeruginosa. The results of antimicrobial activity screening revealed the antimicrobial properties for all of the studied molecules against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and the Candida albicans fungal strain. The highest antimicrobial activity was determined for 2-{[6-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)-3,5-dimethyl-4-oxo-3,4-dihydrothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-yl]thio}-N-(4-isopropylphenyl)acetamide, which also had the highest affinity to the TrmD inhibitor’s binding site according to the docking studies results.

Download Full-text

New Caffeic Acid Derivatives as Antimicrobial Agents: Design, Synthesis, Evaluation and Docking

Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1568026619666190122152957 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (4) ◽

pp. 292-304 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Maia Merlani ◽

Vakhtang Barbakadze ◽

Lela Amiranashvili ◽

Lali Gogilashvili ◽

Vladimir Poroikov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Caffeic Acid ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Antimicrobial Properties ◽

Synthesis Methods ◽

Design Synthesis ◽

Caffeic Acid Derivatives ◽

Microdilution Method

Background: Phenolic acids (caffeic-, ferulic and p-coumaric acid) are widely distributed in the plant kingdom and exhibit broad spectrum of biological activities, including antimicrobial activity. Objective: The goal of this paper is the synthesis of some caffeic acid derivatives selected based on computer-aided predictions and evaluate their in vitro antimicrobial properties against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria and also a series of fungi. Methods: In silico prediction of biological activity was used to identify the most promising structures for synthesis and biological testing, and the putative mechanisms of their antimicrobial action. The designed compounds were synthesized using classical organic synthesis methods. The antimicrobial activity was studied using microdilution method. Results: Twelve tested compounds have shown good antibacterial activity. Five out of twelve tested compounds appeared to be more active than the reference drugs ampicillin and streptomycin. Despite that all compounds exhibited good activity against all bacteria tested, the sensitivity of bacteria towards compounds in general was different. The evaluation of antifungal activity revealed that all compounds were more active than ketoconazole, while seven compounds (2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8 and 12) appeared to be more active than bifonazole. Docking results indicate that gyrase inhibition is the putative mechanism of antibacterial action while the inhibition of 14α-demethylase may be responsible for antifungal action. Prediction of cytotoxicity by PROTOX showed that compounds are not toxic (LD50 1000-2000 mg/kg). Conclusion: Thirteen compounds, from which six are new ones, were synthesized, and twelve compounds were tested for antimicrobial activity. The studied compounds appeared to be promising potent and non-toxic antimicrobials, which could be considered as leads for new pharmaceutical agents.

Download Full-text

In Vitro Control of Uropathogenic Microorganisms with the Ethanolic Extract from the Leaves of Cochlospermum regium (Schrank) Pilger

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2017/4687154 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Danny Ellen Meireles Leme ◽

Allan Belarmino Rodrigues ◽

Adriana Araújo de Almeida-Apolonio ◽

Fabiana Gomes da Silva Dantas ◽

Melyssa Fernanda Norman Negri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Biofilm Formation ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Total Phenolic Compounds ◽

Microdilution Method ◽

Broth Microdilution Method ◽

Genitourinary Infections

The roots of Cochlospermum regium, popularly known as “algodãozinho-do-cerrado,” are used for the treatment of genitourinary infections. However, the removal of their subterranean structures results in the death of the plant, and the use of the leaves becomes a viable alternative. Therefore, the antimicrobial activity of Cochlospermum regium leaf’s ethanolic extract and its action on the biofilm formation of microorganisms associated with urinary infection were evaluated. The total phenolic compounds, flavoids, and tannins were quantified using the reagents Folin-Ciocalteu, aluminum chloride, and vanillin, respectively. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated by the broth microdilution method and the effect of the extract in the biofilm treatment was measured by the drop plate method. Cytotoxicity was evaluated by the method based on the reduction of MTS and the mutagenicity by the Ames test. The ethanolic extract of C. regium leaves presented 87.4 mg/EQ of flavonoids, 167.2 mg/EAG of total phenolic compounds, and 21.7 mg/ECA of condensed tannins. It presented reduction of the biofilm formation for E. coli and C. tropicalis and antimicrobial action of 1 mg/mL and 0.5 mg/mL, respectively. The extract showed no cytotoxicity and mutagenicity at the concentrations tested. This study demonstrated that C. regium leaves are a viable option for the treatment of genitourinary infections and for the species preservation.

Download Full-text

Design, Synthesis and Biological Assessment of Thiazole Derivatives as Possible Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Agents

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International ◽

10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i53a33635 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 24-32

Author(s):

. Isha ◽

Neetu Sachan

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Therapeutic Potential ◽

Antibacterial Properties ◽

Antimicrobial Properties ◽

Molecular Structures ◽

Biological Assessment ◽

Thiazole Derivatives ◽

Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Activity

Aims: To synthesize thiazole derivatives and evaluate their therapeutic potential to continue our quest for new antibacterial and antioxidant drugs. Place and Duration of Study: Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, between January 2021 and July 2021. Methodology: The target compounds in this investigation were synthesized in the search for new molecules having antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. Physicochemical and spectroanalytical studies validated the derivatives molecular structures. Antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of the synthesized molecules were evaluated in vitro using the DPPH and tube dilution methods, respectively. Results: The majority of the synthesized derivatives displayed antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. The efficacy of the derivatives varied based upon the substituent. Compound 7c exhibited significant antioxidant and antibacterial activity, according to the results of the study. Conclusion: Our results showed the antioxidant and antibacterial properties of novel thiazole compounds, implying the probability of their utilization in the development of new therapeutics.

Download Full-text

Synthesis, characterization, synergistic antimicrobial properties and molecular docking of sugar modified uridine derivatives

Ovidius University Annals of Chemistry ◽

10.2478/auoc-2021-0002 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

pp. 6-21

Author(s):

Jannatul Maowa ◽

Asraful Alam ◽

Kazi M. Rana ◽

Sujan Dey ◽

Anowar Hosen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Molecular Docking ◽

Density Functional ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Antimicrobial Properties ◽

Docking Study ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Molecular Docking Study ◽

Antibacterial And Antifungal Activities

Abstract Nucleosides and their analogues are an important, well-established class of clinically useful medicinal agents that exhibit antiviral and anticancer activity. Thus, our research group has focused on the synthesis of new nucleoside derivatives that could be tested for their broad-spectrum biological activity. In this study, two new series of nucleoside derivatives were synthesized from uridine (1) through facile two-step reactions using the direct acylation method, affording 5’-O-acyl uridine derivatives in good yields. The isolated uridine analogs were further transformed into two series of 2’,3’-di-O-acyl derivatives bearing a wide variety of functionalities in a single molecular framework to evaluate their antimicrobial activity. The new synthesized compounds were characterized through physicochemical, elemental and spectroscopic analysis, and all were screened for their in vitro antimicrobial activity against selected human and plant pathogenic strains. The test compounds revealed moderate to good antibacterial and antifungal activities and were more effective against fungal phytopathogens than against bacterial strains, while many of them exhibited better antimicrobial activity than standard antibiotics. Minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) tests against all microorganisms were also conducted for five compounds based on their activity (6, 11, 13, 16, and 17). In addition, all the derivatives were optimized using density functional theory (DFT) B3LYP/6-31g+(d,p) calculations to elucidate their thermal and molecular orbital properties. A molecular docking study was performed using the human protein 5WS1 to predict their binding affinity and modes, and ADMET and SwissADME calculations confirmed the improved pharmacokinetic properties of the compounds. Besides, structure–activity relationship (SAR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies were also performed. Thus, the improvement of the bioactivity of these compounds is expected to significantly contribute to the design of more antimicrobial agents for therapeutic use in the future.

Download Full-text

In VitroAntimicrobial Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Polish Propolis against Biofilm FormingStaphylococcus epidermidisStrains

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2013/590703 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Robert D. Wojtyczka ◽

Małgorzata Kępa ◽

Danuta Idzik ◽

Robert Kubina ◽

Agata Kabała-Dzik ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Bacterial Growth ◽

Incubation Time ◽

Biofilm Formation ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Growth Reduction ◽

Degree Of Reduction

The aim of the presented study was to examine the antimicrobial activity of ethanol extract of Polish propolis (EEPP) against biofilm-forming CoNS strainsin vitro. Our results revealed that EEPP displayed varying degrees of activity against CoNS with MIC values ranging from 1.56 to 0.78 mg/mL. The average MIC was 1.13 ± 0.39 mg/mL while calculated MIC50and MIC90values were 0.78 mg/mL and 1.56 mg/mL, respectively. The biofilm formation ability by all testedS. epidermidisstrains was inhibited at EEPP concentrations ranging from 0.39 to 1.56 mg/mL. The degree of reduction of AlamarBlue was directly associated with the proliferation ofS. epidermidisstrains. The increased proliferation ofS. epidermidisstrains was observed after 12 and 24 hours of incubation in the presence of EEPP concentrations ranging from 0.025 to 0.39 mg/mL. These results suggest that antimicrobial activities of EEPP againstS. epidermidisexpressed as the reduction of bacterial growth, reduction of biofilm formation ability, and the intensity of proliferation were significantly affected by incubation time and EEPP concentration used as well as the interactions between these factors.

Download Full-text