scholarly journals First description of deep benthic habitats and communities of oceanic islands and seamounts of the Nazca Desventuradas Marine Park, Chile

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan M. Tapia-Guerra ◽  
Ariadna Mecho ◽  
Erin E. Easton ◽  
María de los Ángeles Gallardo ◽  
Matthias Gorny ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coarse Sand ◽  
Oceanic Islands ◽  
Small Islands ◽  
Sandy Bottom ◽  
Marine Park ◽  
Deposit Feeders ◽  
Video Observations ◽  
Biogenic Components ◽  
Sediment Bottom ◽  
First Time

AbstractSeamounts and oceanic islands of the Chilean Exclusive Economic Zone at the intersection of the Nazca and Salas y Gómez ridges lie within one of the least explored areas in the world. The sparse information available, mainly for seamounts outside Chilean jurisdiction and shallow-water fauna of the Desventuradas Islands, suggests that the area is a hotspot of endemism. This apparent uniqueness of the fauna motivated the creation of the large Nazca-Desventuradas Marine Park (NDMP, ~ 300,000 km2) around the small islands San Felix and San Ambrosio in 2015. We report for the first time a detailed description of benthic microhabitats (i.e., centimeter to meter scale), macrohabitats (i.e., meter to kilometer-scale) and associated megafauna within the NDMP. Descriptions were based on analysis of fauna collected by trawling and ROV video observations from ~ 50 to 370 m depth. Rocky, coarse sand and silty sediment bottom habitats were observed at island slopes. In contrast, rocky and coarse sandy bottom habitats with a predominance of rhodoliths, thanatocoenosis, and other biogenic components were observed at seamounts. Mobile fauna and predators dominated the oceanic islands and nearby seamounts, whereas seamounts farther from the islands were dominated by sessile and hemisessile fauna that were mainly suspension and deposit feeders. Based on the register of 118 taxonomic units, our results provide an expanded and updated baseline for the benthic biodiversity of NDMP habitats, which seemed pristine, without evidence of trawling or anthropogenic debris.

Biodiversity of free-living marine nematodes on the coast of Brazil: a review

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2568 (1) ◽  
pp. 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
VIRÁG VENEKEY ◽  
VERÔNICA G. FONSECA-GENEVOIS ◽  
PAULO J. P. SANTOS
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Beaches ◽  
Oceanic Islands ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
Artificial Substrates ◽  
Rocky Shores ◽  
Coastal Habitats ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Generic Composition ◽  
Faunal List ◽  
First Time

The taxonomic richness of the marine Nematoda in coastal habitats of Brazil and similarities in generic composition among them are analysed. A complete faunal list is presented, containing 11 orders, 59 families, 294 genera and 231 species, among which 1 family, 10 genera and 87 species were discovered for the first time in Brazil. Seven habitats were considered (sandy beaches, estuaries, phytal, oceanic islands, beach rocks, salt works and artificial substrates): sandy beaches had the greatest generic richness (241), followed by estuaries (142) and the phytal environment (126). Taxonomic composition was similar to that of other coastal habitats sampled worldwide, with Chromadoridae and Xyalidae the most representative families. The three major habitats (beaches, rocky shores and estuaries), showed statistically significant differences in faunas. Estuaries were the most uniform in composition.

Revisited Syllidae of the English Channel coarse sediment communities

2017 ◽  
Vol 97 (5) ◽  
pp. 1051-1058 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Philippe Pezy ◽  
Alexandrine Baffreau ◽  
Jean-Claude Dauvin
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
Coarse Sand ◽  
English Channel ◽  
Numerous Species ◽  
Coarse Sediment ◽  
Branchiostoma Lanceolatum ◽  
Coarse Sediments ◽  
First Time ◽  
Warm Temperate

Among the polychaetes, the Syllidae comprise numerous species whose study over many years has benefitted from valuable revisions and descriptions of new species in Europe. This abundant literature proves very useful for revisiting the taxonomy and distribution of the Syllidae in the English Channel (EC), mainly as regards existing studies on coarse sediment communities in the eastern part of the Channel. This habitat is one of the most widespread in the EC and is known as favourable for the small polychaete fauna including Syllidae. A 2-year survey (winter and summer sampling periods) covering 19 stations, associated with theBranchiostoma lanceolatumcoarse sand community offshore Dieppe-Le Tréport, led to the identification of 6537 individuals from 29 taxa including 27 species. Six fine sand stations were also sampled in which only 12 individuals were collected. Among these species, seven are new for the EC polychaete fauna and six others are observed for the first time in the eastern part of the EC. All the new species for the EC are warm temperate species previously only known south of the Bay of Biscay. The Syllidae list given in Dauvinet al. (2003) has been re-analysed and amended with our list and that of the Chausey Archipelago study (Olivieret al., 2012). To date, 91 Syllidae species have been recorded in the EC and are established mostly in coarse sediments.

Paralarval and juvenile stages as a proxy for cephalopod diversity in the Juan Fernández and Desventuradas ecoregion, southeast Paific Ocean

2020 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-280
Author(s):  
Sergio A Carrasco ◽  
Andrea I Varela ◽  
Christian M Ibáñez ◽  
Javier Sellanes ◽  
Martin Thiel
Keyword(s):  
Dna Barcoding ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Oceanic Islands ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Early Life Stages ◽  
Marine Park ◽  
Coi Sequences ◽  
Juan Fernández Archipelago

Southeast Pacific (SEP) oceanic islands are characterized by their extreme isolation and high degree of endemism. To date, most research has focused on species composition and distributions, with little information available on early life stages. In this study, we provide new records of early life stages of cephalopods based on planktonic collections carried out during October and November 2016 around three oceanic islands: San Félix, San Ambrosio (Desventuradas Islands; 26.3°S, 79.8°W), and Alejandro Selkirk (Juan Fernández Archipelago; 33.7°S, 80.7°W), which are part of the Nazca-Desventuradas Marine Park, the largest marine park in the Americas. Twenty-four paralarvae and juveniles were obtained and identified based on morphological characteristics [i.e., mantle length (ML), chromatophore patterns, number and shape of suckers on arms and tentacles] and DNA barcoding [i.e., mitochondrial Cytochrome c Oxidase subunit I (COI) sequences]. Six families were recorded, including Brachioteuthidae, Onychoteuthidae, Tremoctopodidae, Octopodidae, Octopoteuthidae, and Lycoteuthidae. Most individuals (92%) corresponded to larger stages of 4–12 mm ML (Brachioteuthidae, Onychoteuthidae, Tremoctopodidae, and Lycoteuthidae), and 8% were newly hatched paralarvae of around 1 mm ML (Octopodidae and Octopoteuthidae). The DNA barcoding approach validated the identity of Brachioteuthis sp., Onykia aff. robsoni , Octopus mimus, and Tremoctopus sp., with two specific identities (Octopoteuthidae and Lycoteuthis sp.) remaining to be evaluated. ese records provide new information on cephalopod diversity and distribution around SEP islands, adding to the current knowledge about zoogeographic patterns of this group and evidencing their potential relationships with continental or nearby habitats.

scholarly journals Distribution Patterns of Microplastics in Seawater Surface at a Portuguese Estuary and Marine Park

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Rodrigues ◽  
Joana Antunes ◽  
Vanessa Otero ◽  
Paula Sobral ◽  
Maria Helena Costa
Keyword(s):  
Marine Protected Area ◽  
Marine Pollution ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Trophic Chain ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressures ◽  
Marine Park ◽  
Baseline Evaluation ◽  
First Time

Measuring local levels of marine pollution by microplastics (MP) and identifying potential sources in coastal areas is essential to evaluate the associated impacts to environment and biota. The accumulation of floating MP at the sea surface is of great concern as the neustonic habitat consists of a feeding ground for primary consumers (including filter-feeders) and active predators, which makes these organisms a relevant via of MP input into the marine trophic chain. Here, a baseline evaluation of MP accumulation at the sea surface was conducted with a neuston net (335 μm mesh) at the Arrábida coastal area, in Portugal. The study site encompasses a marine protected area and an estuary, both under strong anthropogenic pressures due to multiple activities taking place. A short-term investigation on local spatiotemporal distribution, concentration and composition of MP was performed for the first time, through the monthly collection (summer 2018 to winter 2019) of samples at 6 stations. All the neuston samples contained MP and their mean concentration was 0.45 ± 0.52 items m−3 (mean ± SD). Both the averaged MP:neuston and MP:ichthyoplankton ratios were higher in December, when concentrations of organisms decreased. Temporal distribution patterns followed expected trends, as MP concentration was clearly higher in winter months due to precipitation and runoff. Although mean MP concentrations did not vary significantly between sampling stations, there was a spatial distribution of MP in relation to particle shape and size. Fragments were the most abundant shape and MP belonging to 1–2 mm size class were dominant. Amongst a diversity of 10 polymers identified by FTIR analysis, polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP) and copolymer PP/PE were the most abundant. Potential links between local sources/activities and the different polymers were suggested. Altogether, the information provided in this study aims to raise awareness among the identified sectors and consequently to act toward the prevention of MP inputs in the region.

scholarly journals THE ENDANGERED SPECIES Aristelliger georgeensis (Squamata: Sphaerodactylidae) IN RONCADOR CAY, COLOMBIAN CARIBBEAN

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-224
Author(s):  
Mateo LÓPEZ-VICTORIA ◽  
Juan Manuel DAZA
Keyword(s):  
Endangered Species ◽  
Yucatan Peninsula ◽  
National Level ◽  
Oceanic Islands ◽  
Small Island ◽  
Yucatán Peninsula ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
San Andres ◽  
First Time

<p><em>Aristelliger georgeensis</em>, previously known to occur in the Yucatan peninsula (Mexico), the coasts and islands from Belize and Honduras, and the oceanic islands of Colombia in the Caribbean (San Andres, Providence and Saint Catalina) was registered for the first time in Roncador Cay, a flat and small island of coralline origin, located in the southwest of the Caribbean. Being considered as an endangered species at the national level, the new locality for this gecko constitutes an opportunity for its conservation. Some topics regarding the possible origins of this new population are discussed. This new locality represents the eastern most documented record of this species so far.</p><p><strong>La especie amenazada <em>A</em><em>ristelliger georgeensis</em> (Squamata: Sphaerodactylidae) en el Cayo Roncador, Caribe colombiano</strong></p><p><em>Aristelliger georgeensis</em>, previamente conocido de la península de Yucatán (México), las costas e islas de Belice y Honduras y de las islas oceánicas de Colombia en el Caribe (San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina), fue registrado por primera vez en el Cayo Roncador, una isla plana y pequeña de origen coralino, ubicada en el suroccidente del Caribe. Siendo considerada como una especie amenazada a nivel nacional, la nueva localidad para este geco constituye una oportunidad para su conservación. Se discuten algunos tópicos relacionados con el posible origen de esta nueva población. Esta nueva localidad representa el registro documentado más al Este para la especie. </p>

Community structure of Harpacticoida and Canuelloida (Crustacea, Copepoda) on the Great Meteor Seamount (North-east Atlantic Ocean)

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 (06) ◽  
pp. 1325-1342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Richter ◽  
Kai Horst George
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Shallow Water ◽  
Oceanic Islands ◽  
Species Level ◽  
North East ◽  
Analysis Of Similarity ◽  
Distribution Ranges ◽  
First Time ◽  
Great Meteor Seamount

AbstractDuring the expedition POS397 ‘GroMet’ in 2010 the sediments of the Great Meteor Seamount (GMS) plateau were sampled quantitatively for the first time, allowing statistical analysis of the community structure of Harpacticoida and Canuelloida. Analysis of similarity revealed no differences between three geographic regions at family/species level. Analysis of diversity indicated slightly greater diversity in the south, with more species belonging to more genera/families. Dispersal opportunities possibly occurring at the plateau (emergence, erosion, rafting) are discussed. Of 18 investigated families 106 species were identified, but only 5.66% were already scientifically known and widely distributed. Within the investigated families, 37.74% of the species belonged to shallow-water genera, leading to the conclusion that the plateau was once connected to shallow-water habitats, perhaps functioning as a stepping stone, but is now geographically isolated. This isolation is most likely due to seafloor spreading of the Atlantic Ocean and descending of the GMS. On the plateau, six species with wider distribution ranges were present, indicating that species may arrive accidentally, but their means of settlement remains unknown. Comparisons of the identified GMS plateau fauna with that of other seamounts and mid-oceanic islands revealed similar communities at family level, but at species level the GMS shares only one species with the Seine Seamount; all other elevations had more species in common. Hence, the GMS plateau is considered to be isolated regarding benthic Copepoda but may play an important role in meiofaunal species distribution, as it represents a shallow-water habitat within the deep sea.

Notes On molluscan meiofauna from Plymouth

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 497-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luitfried V. Salvini-Plawen
Keyword(s):  
Personal Communication ◽  
First Record ◽  
Coarse Sand ◽  
Marine Biological Association ◽  
Preliminary Examination ◽  
Marine Sand ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Interstitial Fauna ◽  
First Time ◽  
Fine Gravel

Preliminary examination of marine meiofauna from the Plymouth area, especially on mesopsammic representatives, resulted in the finding of several typically interstitial Mollusca. Among them, Caecum glabrum, Hedylopsis spiculifera, and Philinoglossa praelongata were recorded live for the first time in the area. This is also the first record of Ph. praelongata outside the Mediterranean Sea.During a short stay at the Marine Biological Association Laboratory some preliminary studies on meiofauna were made. To obtain information especially about the interstitial fauna of marine sand, three typical samples of coarse sediment from different positions were examined.Sample A: Plymouth Sound, Outer Cawsand Bay, Queens Ground, 50°20' 03“ N, 4° 10' 27” W; ca. 6 fathoms (=11 m); coarse sand, about 6 1 examined (14 September 1982).Sample B: Plymouth Sound, southwest of Drake Island, 50° 21' 06“ N, 4° 09' 50” W; ca. 7 fathoms (= 13 m); coarse shell-sand, about 1 1 examined (15 September 1982).Sample C: outer Plymouth Sound, 50° 18' 51“ N, 4° 10' 30” W; ca. 12 fathoms (– 22 m); fine gravel, about 1 1 examined (15 September 1982).In this contribution only the gastropods are dealt with; other meiofauna will be treated ina later communication. The sole previous report of mesopsammic fauna from the Plymouth area is that of Spooner (1959). He examined two samples, one of which (Plymouth Sound) was taken fairlyclose to the above sample A, about 18“ more to the West at 4–5–5–5 fathoms (8–10 m; G. R. Forster, personal communication).

scholarly journals 3D MODELING OF RIO MIERA WRECK SHIP MERGING OPTICAL AND MULTIBEAM HIGH RESOLUTION POINTS CLOUD

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W10 ◽  
pp. 159-165
Author(s):  
E. Prado ◽  
M. Gómez-Ballesteros ◽  
A. Cobo ◽  
F. Sánchez ◽  
A. Rodriguez-Basalo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Model ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Sandy Bottom ◽  
Acoustic Data ◽  
Marine Renewable Energy ◽  
Merging Procedure ◽  
Cantabrian Coast ◽  
Underwater Exploration ◽  
First Time

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> 3D reconstruction and virtual reality (VR) technology provide many opportunities for the documentation and dissemination of underwater cultural heritage. Advances in the development of underwater exploration technology have allowed for the first time to accurately reconstruct a complete 3D model of the cargo Río Miera in the Cantabrian Sea. Sunk on December 6, 1951 after a strong collision, the cargo ship Río Miera rests on a sandy bottom about 40 meters deep, very close to the Cantabrian coast. Located in an area of strong currents is a classic objective of the region for the most experienced divers. The survey was carried out this summer in R/V Ramón Margalef of the IEO, acquiring acoustic data with multibeam echo sounders and hundreds of images acquired by a remotely piloted underwater vehicle. The campaign is part of the PhotoMARE project - Underwater Photogrammetry for MArine Renewable Energy. This work describes the workflow regarding the survey, images and acoustic data acquisition, data processing, optic 3D point cloud color enhancement and acoustic and optic dataset merging procedure to obtain a complete 3D model of wreck Río Miera in Cantabrian Sea. Through this project, Spanish Institute of Oceanography – IEO have advanced – combining acoustic and image methods - in the generation of 3D models of archaeological sites and submerged structures.</p>

scholarly journals Species richness and biogeographical affinities of the marine molluscs from Bahía de Chamela, Mexico

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Ríos-Jara ◽  
Cristian Galván-Villa ◽  
María del Carmen Esqueda-González ◽  
Manuel Ayón-Parente ◽  
Fabián Rodríguez Zaragoza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Benthic Macroinvertebrates ◽  
New Records ◽  
Oceanic Islands ◽  
Tropical Eastern Pacific ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Mexican Pacific ◽  
Range Distribution ◽  
First Time

For more than 10 years (2007-2018), the benthic macroinvertebrates of Bahía de Chamela (Mexican Pacific) were sampled at 31 sites (0-25 m depth). A total of 308 species of the five main classes of benthic molluscs were obtained (106 bivalves, 185 gastropods, 13 polyplacophorans, two scaphopods and two cephalopods). This is a significant increase in the number of species (246 new records) compared to the 62 species previously recorded more than 10 years ago. The distribution in the 31 localities of the bay is given for the first time for most of the species, together with information on its ecological rarity (incidence in the samples). Two families of bivalves (Veneridae and Mytilidae) and three families of gastropods (Calyptraeidae, Muricidae and Collumbellidae) comprised ~ 30% of all species. Ecological rarity was evident with 45 families (45.0%) with only one species and 178 species (57.8%) collected in one site and 67 (21.8%) in two sites. The molluscs of Bahía de Chamela represent 12.2% of all species recorded in the Mexican Pacific. Their biogeographic affinities are mostly related to the Tropical Eastern Pacific (TEP) including the oceanic islands and a few are restricted to the Tropical Mexican Pacific (TMP). Some have broader distributions to adjacent northern and southern temperate regions of the American Pacific, one to the western Atlantic, two pantropical (PAN) and two cosmopolitans (COS). The range distribution of each species was reviewed and updated, thus finding that seven species have extended their ranges of geographic distribution.

scholarly journals The land snails of Lichadonisia islets (Greece)

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 59-68
Author(s):  
Galatea Goudeli ◽  
Aristeidis Parmakelis ◽  
Konstantinos Proios ◽  
Ioannis Anastasiou ◽  
Canella Radea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aegean Sea ◽  
Land Snail ◽  
Land Snails ◽  
Small Islands ◽  
The Past ◽  
The North ◽  
Island Group ◽  
First Time ◽  
Of Greece ◽  
Natural Communities

The Lichadonisia island group is located between Maliakos and the North Evian Gulf, in central Greece. Lichadonisia is one of the few volcanic island groups of Greece, consisting mainly of lava flows. Today the islands are uninhabited with high numbers of visitors, but permanent population existed for many decades in the past. Herein, we present for the first time the land snail fauna of the islets and we compare their species richness with islands of similar size across the Aegean Sea. This group of small islands, provides a typical example on how human activities in the current geological era, i.e., the Anthropocene, alter the natural communities and differentiate biogeographical patterns.

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