scholarly journals Macroscopically entangled light fields

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Byoung S. Ham
Keyword(s):  
Random Phase ◽  
Phase Control ◽  
Light Fields ◽  
Wave Nature ◽  
Deterministic Control ◽  
Pair Generation ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Phase Sensitive ◽  
Particle Nature ◽  
Quantum Feature

AbstractA novel method of macroscopically entangled light-pair generation is presented for a quantum laser using randomness-based deterministic phase control of coherent light in a coupled Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI). Unlike the particle nature-based quantum correlation in conventional quantum mechanics, the wave nature of photons is applied for collective phase control of coherent fields, resulting in a deterministically controllable nonclassical phenomenon. For the proof of principle, the entanglement between output light fields from a coupled MZI is examined using the Hong-Ou-Mandel-type anticorrelation technique, where the anticorrelation is a direct evidence of the nonclassical features in an interferometric scheme. For the generation of random phase bases between two bipartite input coherent fields, a deterministic control of opposite frequency shifts results in phase sensitive anticorrelation, which is a macroscopic quantum feature.

scholarly journals A Wave Nature-Based Interpretation of The Nonclassical Feature of Photon Bunching On A Beam Splitter

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byoung Ham
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Interference ◽  
Beam Splitter ◽  
Phase Relationship ◽  
Wave Nature ◽  
Typical Particle ◽  
Born’S Rule ◽  
New Interpretation ◽  
Particle Nature ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Quantum Feature

Abstract Born’s rule is key to understanding quantum mechanics based on the probability amplitude for the measurement process of a physical quantity. Based on a typical particle nature of a photon, the quantum feature of photon bunching on a beam splitter between two output photons can be explained by Born’s rule even without clear definition of the relative phase between two input photons. Unlike conventional understanding on this matter, known as the Hong-Ou-Mandel effect, here, we present a new interpretation based on the wave nature of a photon, where the quantum feature of photon bunching is explained through phase basis superposition of the beam splitter. A Mach-Zehnder interferometer is additionally presented to support the correctness of the presented method. As a result, our limited understanding of the quantum feature is deepened via phase basis superposition regarding the destructive quantum interference. Thus, the so-called ‘mysterious’ quantum feature is now clarified by both the definite phase relationship between paired photons and a new term of the phase basis superposition of an optical system.

scholarly journals Coherently controlled quantum features in a coupled interferometric scheme

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Byoung S. Ham
Keyword(s):  
Optical Materials ◽  
Bell Inequality ◽  
Third Order ◽  
Deterministic Method ◽  
Photon Pairs ◽  
Wave Nature ◽  
Parametric Down Conversion ◽  
Pair Generation ◽  
Entangled Photon Pairs ◽  
Down Conversion

AbstractOver the last several decades, entangled photon pairs generated by spontaneous parametric down conversion processes in both second-order and third-order nonlinear optical materials have been intensively studied for various quantum features such as Bell inequality violation and anticorrelation. In an interferometric scheme, anticorrelation results from photon bunching based on randomness when entangled photon pairs coincidently impinge on a beam splitter. Compared with post-measurement-based probabilistic confirmation, a coherence version has been recently proposed using the wave nature of photons. Here, the origin of quantum features in a coupled interferometric scheme is investigated using pure coherence optics. In addition, a deterministic method of entangled photon-pair generation is proposed for on-demand coherence control of quantum processing.

scholarly journals Macroscopic and deterministic quantum feature generation via phase basis quantization in a cascaded interferometric system

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Byoung S. Ham
Keyword(s):  
Information Science ◽  
Quantum Superposition ◽  
Entanglement Generation ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Classical Counterpart ◽  
Energy Quantization ◽  
Wave Nature ◽  
Macroscopic Entanglement ◽  
Complementarity Theory ◽  
Quantum Feature

AbstractQuantum entanglement is the quintessence of quantum information science governed by quantum superposition mostly limited to a microscopic regime. For practical applications, however, macroscopic entanglement has an essential benefit for quantum sensing and metrology to beat its classical counterpart. Recently, a coherence approach for entanglement generation has been proposed and demonstrated in a coupled interferometric system using classical laser light, where the quantum feature of entanglement has been achieved via phase basis superposition between identical interferometric systems. Such a coherence method is based on the wave nature of a photon without violating quantum mechanics under the complementarity theory. Here, a method of phase basis quantization via phase basis superposition is presented for macroscopic entanglement in an interferometric system, which is corresponding to the energy quantization of a photon.

scholarly journals LOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE BOHR COMPLEMENTARITY PRINCIPLE IN AFSHAR'S EXPERIMENT UNDER THE NAFL INTERPRETATION

2010 ◽  
Vol 08 (03) ◽  
pp. 465-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
RADHAKRISHNAN SRINIVASAN
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Mechanics ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Logical Truth ◽  
Physical Reality ◽  
Interpretation Of Quantum Mechanics ◽  
Complementarity Principle ◽  
Path Information ◽  
Wave Nature ◽  
Classical Path ◽  
Particle Nature

The NAFL (non-Aristotelian finitary logic) interpretation of quantum mechanics requires that no "physical" reality can be ascribed to the wave nature of the photon. The NAFL theory QM, formalizing quantum mechanics, treats the superposed state (S) of a single photon taking two or more different paths at the same time as a logical contradiction that is formally unprovable in QM. Nevertheless, in a nonclassical NAFL model for QM in which the law of noncontradiction fails, S has a meaningful metamathematical interpretation that the classical path information for the photon is not available. It is argued that the existence of an interference pattern does not logically amount to a proof of the self-interference of a single photon. This fact, when coupled with the temporal nature of NAFL truth, implies the logical validity of the retroactive assertion of the path information (and the logical superfluousness of the grid) in Afshar's experiment. The Bohr complementarity principle, when properly interpreted with the time dependence of logical truth taken into account, holds in Afshar's experiment. NAFL supports, but not demands, a metalogical reality for the particle nature of the photon even when the semantics of QM requires the state S.

scholarly journals Near-Field Ultrasonic Imaging: A Novel Method for Nondestructive Mechanical Imaging of IC Interconnect Structures

2002 ◽  
Vol 716 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. S. Shekhawat ◽  
H. Xie ◽  
Y. Zheng ◽  
R. E. Geer
Keyword(s):  
Relative Phase ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Scanning Probe ◽  
Phase Imaging ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Probe Microscope ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Phase Sensitive ◽  
Low K ◽  
Mechanical Imaging

AbstractThe investigation of an alternate approach to nondestructive, nanoscale mechanical imaging for IC interconnect structures is reported. This approach utilizes a heterodyne interferometer based on a scanning probe microscope, also referred to as heterodyne force microscopy (HFM). This interferometer is sensitive to the relative phase difference of the two ultrasonic excitations due to spatial variations in the sample viscoelastic response and enables near-field, phase-sensitive imaging. Proof-of-feasibility demonstrations of this technique are presented for ultrasonic phase-imaging of Al/low-k interconnect structures. Spatial resolution <10 nm is demonstrated.

scholarly journals Time-expanded phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometry

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Soriano-Amat ◽  
Hugo F. Martins ◽  
Vicente Durán ◽  
Luis Costa ◽  
Sonia Martin-Lopez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Domain ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Random Phase ◽  
Environmental Variable ◽  
Time Domain Reflectometry ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Optical Time Domain Reflectometry ◽  
Phase Sensitive ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Optical Time

AbstractPhase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometry (ΦOTDR) is a well-established technique that provides spatio-temporal measurements of an environmental variable in real time. This unique capability is being leveraged in an ever-increasing number of applications, from energy transportation or civil security to seismology. To date, a wide number of different approaches have been implemented, providing a plethora of options in terms of performance (resolution, acquisition bandwidth, sensitivity or range). However, to achieve high spatial resolutions, detection bandwidths in the GHz range are typically required, substantially increasing the system cost and complexity. Here, we present a novel ΦOTDR approach that allows a customized time expansion of the received optical traces. Hence, the presented technique reaches cm-scale spatial resolutions over 1 km while requiring a remarkably low detection bandwidth in the MHz regime. This approach relies on the use of dual-comb spectrometry to interrogate the fibre and sample the backscattered light. Random phase-spectral coding is applied to the employed combs to maximize the signal-to-noise ratio of the sensing scheme. A comparison of the proposed method with alternative approaches aimed at similar operation features is provided, along with a thorough analysis of the new trade-offs. Our results demonstrate a radically novel high-resolution ΦOTDR scheme, which could promote new applications in metrology, borehole monitoring or aerospace.

scholarly journals Spatial Coherence Manipulation on the Statistical Photonic Platform

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leixin Liu ◽  
Wenwei Liu ◽  
Fei Wang ◽  
Hua Cheng ◽  
Duk-Yong Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Distribution ◽  
Random Phase ◽  
Spatial Coherence ◽  
Light Fields ◽  
Optical Components ◽  
Partially Coherent ◽  
Optical Media ◽  
Partially Coherent Light ◽  
Coherent Beams ◽  
Coherent Vortex

Abstract Coherence, like amplitude, polarization and phase, is a fundamental characteristic of the light fields and is dominated by the statistical optical property. Generally, accurate coherence manipulation is challenging since coherence as a statistical quantity requires the combination of various bulky optical components and fast tuning of optical media. Spatial coherence as another pivotal optical dimension still has not been significantly manipulated on the photonic platform. Here, we theoretically and experimentally realize accurate manipulation of the spatial coherence of light fields by loading a temporal random phase distribution onto the wave-front on the statistical photonic platform. By quantitatively manipulating the statistical photonic properties, we can successfully achieve the partially coherent light with the pre-defined degree of coherence and continuously modulate it from fully coherent to incoherent. This design strategy can also be easily extended to manipulate the spatial coherence of other special beams such as partially coherent vortex beam generations. Our approach provides straightforward rules to manipulate the coherence of the light fields and paves the way for applications of partially coherent beams in information encryption, ghost imaging, and information transmission in turbulent media.

scholarly journals Experimental Discovery of the Particle Properties of Gravity and Gravitons by Theoretical Investigation of the Bent Point of Space Time

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Maxwell Equations ◽  
Particle Properties ◽  
Wave Nature ◽  
Double Characteristic ◽  
Heinrich Hertz ◽  
Fundamental Systems ◽  
Particle Characteristic ◽  
Particle Nature ◽  
Fundamental Forces ◽  
Double Slit Experiment

As, it is known having more challenged on the wave or particle nature of light, from the theory of Newton to proof of its being wave by Huygens and also Young’s Double-slit experiment, more important ,Maxwell equations, all showed the nature of being wave of the light till Heinrich Hertz discovered photoelectric phenomenon and after that Einstein talked about the mathematic and quantum characteristics of this phenomenon, his explanations about this phenomenon showed failure of the characteristic of being wave of light in photoelectric explanation so double wave- particle characteristic failed in the scientific society. We all know that many of mass and energy fundamental systems have the same double characteristic of the light. The Photoelectric is the action of light and matter interactions that can prove the double light- particle nature because of inability of being wave principals of the light. Another one of the nature fundamental forces which many believed on its double wave- particle nature is gravity. In this essay we try to interpret the inability of wave nature of gravity in explanation of dark matter and we will see how the concept of invisible masses of the matter is the only action of the graviton interaction and proof of existence of constituent packs of gravity energy i.e. gravitons. Discovering this innovation is wonderful.

scholarly journals Reconstruction of multispectral images from spectrally coded light fields of flat scenes

2019 ◽  
Vol 86 (12) ◽  
pp. 758-764
Author(s):  
Maximilian Schambach ◽  
Fernando Puente León
Keyword(s):  
Light Field ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Microlens Array ◽  
Light Fields ◽  
Multispectral Images ◽  
Single Exposure ◽  
Line Production ◽  
Reconstruction Quality ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Production Monitoring

AbstractWe present a novel method to reconstruct multispectral images of flat objects from spectrally coded light fields as taken by an unfocused light field camera with a spectrally coded microlens array. In this sense, the spectrally coded light field camera is used as a multispectral snapshot imager, acquiring a multispectral datacube in a single exposure. The multispectral image, corresponding to the light field’s central view, is reconstructed by shifting the spectrally coded subapertures onto the central view according to their respective disparity. We assume that the disparity of the scene is approximately constant and non-zero. Since the spectral mask is identical for all subapertures, the missing spectral data of the central view will be filled up from the shifted spectrally coded subapertures. We investigate the reconstruction quality for different spectral masks and camera parameter sets optimized for real life applications such as in-line production monitoring for which the constant disparity constraint naturally holds. For synthesized reference scenes, using 16 color channels, we achieve a reconstruction \mathrm{PSNR} of up to 51 dB.

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