scholarly journals A single transcript for the prognosis of disease severity in COVID-19 patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongxing Lei
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Prognostic Markers ◽  
Influenza Infection ◽  
Marker Gene ◽  
Upward Trend ◽  
Severe Influenza ◽  
Single Transcript ◽  
Quantitative Indexes ◽  
Prognostic Power ◽  
D Dimer

AbstractWith many countries strapped for medical resources due to the COVID-19 pandemic, it is highly desirable to allocate the precious resources to those who need them the most. Several markers have been found to be associated with the disease severity in COVID-19 patients. However, the established markers only display modest prognostic power individually and better markers are urgently needed. The aim of this study is to investigate the potential of S100A12, a prominent marker gene for bacterial infection, in the prognosis of disease severity in COVID-19 patients. To ensure the robustness of the association, a total of 1695 samples from 14 independent transcriptome datasets on sepsis, influenza infection and COVID-19 infection were examined. First, it was demonstrated that S100A12 was a marker for sepsis and severity of sepsis. Then, S100A12 was found to be a marker for severe influenza infection, and there was an upward trend of S100A12 expression as the severity level of influenza infection increased. As for COVID-19 infection, it was found that S100A12 expression was elevated in patients with severe and critical COVID-19 infection. More importantly, S100A12 expression at hospital admission was robustly correlated with future quantitative indexes of disease severity and outcome in COVID-19 patients, superior to established prognostic markers including CRP, PCT, d-dimer, ferritin, LDH and fibrinogen. Thus, S100A12 is a valuable novel prognostic marker for COVID-19 severity and deserves more attention.

scholarly journals Differential Cytokine Signatures of SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza Infection Highlight Key Differences in Pathobiology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew H. Karaba ◽  
Weiqiang Zhou ◽  
Leon L. Hsieh ◽  
Alexis Figueroa ◽  
Guido Massaccesi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Random Forest ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Influenza Infection ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Gm Csf ◽  
Cytokines And Chemokines ◽  
Severe Influenza ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACTBackgroundSeveral inflammatory cytokines are upregulated in severe COVID-19. We compared cytokines in COVID-19 versus influenza in order to define differentiating features of the inflammatory response to these pathogens and their association with severe disease. Because elevated body mass index (BMI) is a known risk factor for severe COVID-19, we examined the relationship of BMI to cytokines associated with severe disease.MethodsThirty-seven cytokines and chemokines were measured in plasma from 145 patients with COVID-19, 57 patients with influenza, and 30 healthy controls. Controlling for BMI, age, and sex, differences in cytokines between groups were determined by linear regression and random forest prediction was utilized to determine the cytokines most important in distinguishing severe COVID-19 and influenza. Mediation analysis was utilized to identify cytokines that mediate the effect of BMI on disease severity.ResultsIL-18, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α were significantly increased in COVID-19 versus influenza patients while GM-CSF, IFN-γ, IFN-λ1, IL-10, IL-15, and MCP-2 were significantly elevated in the influenza group. In subgroup analysis based on disease severity, IL-18, IL-6, and TNF-α were elevated in severe COVID-19, but not severe influenza. Random forest analysis identified high IL-6 and low IFN-λ1 levels as the most distinct between severe COVID-19 and severe influenza. Finally, IL-1RA was identified as a potential mediator of the effects of BMI on COVID-19 severity.ConclusionsThese findings point to activation of fundamentally different innate immune pathways in SARS-CoV-2 and influenza infection, and emphasize drivers of severe COVID-19 to focus both mechanistic and therapeutic investigations.SummarySevere COVID-19 is marked by dysregulated inflammation and is associated with elevated BMI. By comparing cytokines and chemokines in patients with either COVID-19 or influenza, we identified distinct inflammatory pathways and a cytokine mediator of the effect of BMI.

D-Dimer, Disease Severity, and Deaths (3D-Study) in Patients with COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seshadri Reddy Varikasuvu ◽  
Naveen Dutt ◽  
Saurabh Varshney ◽  
Shahir Asfahan ◽  
Paresh P. Kulkarni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
D Dimer

Impact of influenza virus during pregnancy: from disease severity to vaccine efficacy

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 441-453
Author(s):  
Ana Vazquez-Pagan ◽  
Rebekah Honce ◽  
Stacey Schultz-Cherry
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Antiviral Treatment ◽  
Influenza Virus Infection ◽  
Severe Influenza ◽  
The Impact

Pregnant women are among the individuals at the highest risk for severe influenza virus infection. Infection of the mother during pregnancy increases the probability of adverse fetal outcomes such as small for gestational age, preterm birth and fetal death. Animal models of syngeneic and allogeneic mating can recapitulate the increased disease severity observed in pregnant women and are used to define the mechanism(s) of that increased severity. This review focuses on influenza A virus pathogenesis, the unique immunological landscape during pregnancy, the impact of maternal influenza virus infection on the fetus and the immune responses at the maternal–fetal interface. Finally, we summarize the importance of immunization and antiviral treatment in this population and highlight issues that warrant further investigation.

scholarly journals CT pulmonary angiography in COVID-19 pneumonia: relationship between pulmonary embolism and disease severity

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aya Yassin ◽  
Maryam Ali Abdelkader ◽  
Rehab M. Mohammed ◽  
Ahmed M. Osman
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Pulmonary Angiography ◽  
Significant Relation ◽  
Ct Pulmonary Angiography ◽  
Laboratory Results ◽  
Severity Of The Disease ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
D Dimer

Abstract Background Pulmonary embolism (PE) is one of the known sequels of COVID-19 infection. We aimed to assess the incidence of PE in patients with COVID-19 infection and to evaluate the relationship between the CT severity of the disease and the laboratory indicators. This was a retrospective study conducted on 96 patients with COVID-19 infection proved by positive PCR who underwent CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA) with a calculation of the CT severity of COVID-19 infection. Available patients’ complaint and laboratory data at the time of CTPA were correlated with PE presence and disease severity. Results Forty patients (41.7%) showed positive PE with the median time for the incidence of PE which was 12 days after onset of the disease. No significant correlation was found between the incidence of PE and the patients’ age, sex, laboratory results, and the CT severity of COVID-19. A statistically significant relation was found between the incidence of PE and the patients’ desaturation, hemoptysis, and chest pain. A highly significant correlation was found between the incidence of PE and the rising in the D-dimer level as well as the progressive CT findings when compared to the previous one. Conclusion CT progression and the rising in D-dimer level are considered the most important parameters suggesting underlying PE in patients with positive COVID-19 infection which is commonly seen during the second week of infection and alert the use of CT pulmonary angiography to exclude or confirm PE. This is may help in improving the management of COVID-19 infection.

scholarly journals 60. New Prognostic Markers for COVID-19 Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S161-S162
Author(s):  
Amr Ramahi ◽  
Kok Hoe Chan ◽  
Laxminarayan Prabhakar ◽  
Iyad Farouji ◽  
Divya Thimmareddygari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prognostic Markers ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Prognostic Indicators ◽  
Blood Profile ◽  
New Model ◽  
D Dimer

Abstract Background A few COVID-19 related retrospective studies have established that older age, elevated neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and decreased lymphocyte-CRP ratio (LCR) were associated with worse outcome. Herein, we aim to identify new prognostic markers associated with mortality. Methods We conducted a retrospective hospital cohort study on patients ≥ 18 years old with confirmed COVID-19, who were admitted to our hospital between 03/15/2020 and 05/25/2020. Study individuals were recruited if they had a complete CBC profile and inflammatory markers such as CRP, ferritin, D-dimer and LDH, as well as a well-defined clinical outcomes (discharged alive or expired). Demographic, clinical and laboratory data were reviewed and retrieved. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression methods were employed to identify prognostic markers associated with mortality. Results Out of the 344 confirmed COVID-19 hospitalized patients during the study period, 31 who did not have a complete blood profile were excluded; 303 patients were included in the study, 89 (29%) expired, and 214 (71%) were discharged alive. Demographic analysis was tabulated in Table 1. The univariate analysis showed a significant association of death with absolute neutrophil count (ANC, p=0.022), NLR (p=002), neutrophil-monocyte ratio (NMR, p=< 0.0001), LCR (p=0.007), lymphocyte-LDH ratio (LLR, p=< 0.0001), lymphocyte-D-dimer ratio (LDR, p=< 0.0001), lymphocyte-ferritin ratio (LFR, p=< 0.0001), and platelets (p=0.037) with mortality. With multivariable logistic regression analysis, the only values that had an odds of survival were high LDR (odds ratio [OR] 1.763; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.20–2.69), and a high LFR (OR 1.136, CI 1.01–1.34). We further build up a model which can predict >85% mortality in our cohorts with the utilization of D-dimer (>500 ng/ml), Ferritin (>200 ng/ml), LDR (< 1.6), LFR (< 4) and ANC (>2.5). This new model has a ROC of 0.68 (p< 0.0001). Conclusion This retrospective cohort study of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 suggests LDR and LFR as potential independent prognostic indicators. A new model with combination of D-dimer, Ferritin, LDR, LFR and ANC, was able to predict >85% mortality in our cohort with ROC of 0.68, it will need to be validated in a prospective cohort study. Disclosures Jihad Slim, MD, Abbvie (Speaker’s Bureau)Gilead (Speaker’s Bureau)Jansen (Speaker’s Bureau)Merck (Speaker’s Bureau)ViiV (Speaker’s Bureau)

scholarly journals A Systematic Review on the Association of D-dimer Levels with the Disease Severity and Mortality of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gamaliel Issamar S. De Vera ◽  
Christian Miguel D. Aglipay ◽  
Gene Abbygaile Y. Aguas ◽  
Renz Marion C. Evangelista ◽  
Alyssa Marie G. Francisco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
D Dimer

scholarly journals IL-36γ Protects against Severe Influenza Infection by Promoting Lung Alveolar Macrophage Survival and Limiting Viral Replication

2018 ◽  
Vol 201 (2) ◽  
pp. 573-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander N. Wein ◽  
Paul R. Dunbar ◽  
Sean R. McMaster ◽  
Zheng-Rong Tiger Li ◽  
Timothy L. Denning ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Replication ◽  
Alveolar Macrophage ◽  
Influenza Infection ◽  
Severe Influenza

Intensive Care Admissions and Associated Severity of Influenza B Versus A During Influenza B Vaccine–mismatched Seasons

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 1049-1052 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maya Korem ◽  
Efrat Orenbuch-Harroch ◽  
Eli Ben-Chetrit ◽  
Sarah Israel ◽  
Matan J Cohen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Influenza B ◽  
Icu Patients ◽  
Icu Admission ◽  
Severe Influenza ◽  
Trivalent Vaccine ◽  
Quadrivalent Vaccines

Abstract Patients admitted to hospital with influenza B and A in Jerusalem, Israel, during the 2015–2016 and 2017–2018 influenza seasons demonstrated similar rates of intensive care unit (ICU) admission and associated disease severity. Most (63%) influenza B ICU patients received influenza B–mismatched trivalent vaccine. These findings call into question the equivalence of trivalent and quadrivalent vaccines in preventing severe influenza B.

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