scholarly journals Antioxidant and cytoprotective effects of Nigella sativa L. seeds on the testis of monosodium glutamate challenged rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Abd-Elkareem ◽  
Mokhless A. M. Abd El-Rahman ◽  
Nasser S. Abou Khalil ◽  
Ayman S. Amer
Keyword(s):  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Monosodium Glutamate ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Lipid Peroxides ◽  
Basement Membranes ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff

AbstractMonosodium glutamate (MSG) is one of the most widely spread food additives that might cause male infertility. However, Nigellasativa L. seeds (NSS) could provide a solution. This study was designed to investigate the potential effects of NSS on rats ingesting MSG. To achieve this aim, adult male albino rats were randomly equally assigned into three groups for 21 days: control group received no treatment, MSG group received MSG as 30 g/kg feed, and MSG + NSS group received MSG as 30 g/kg and NSS as 30 g/kg feed. Testis histomorphometry showed marked deterioration by MSG as atrophic seminiferous tubules with degeneration of their lining cells, damaged Leydig cells and decreased germ cells number. Periodic Acid Schiff stain indicated irregular interrupted basement membranes. Glutathione reductase, superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), and caspase-3 immuno-expressions increased in testicular cells. Testosterone levels were significantly decreased in MSG challenged rats along with significant increase in luteinizing hormone levels, whereas NSS normalized this hormonal profile. MSG exposure also caused significantly increased lipid peroxides (LPO), glutathione-S-transferase, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) whereas nitric oxide and SOD2 were significantly decreased. NSS succeeded in rebalance LPO and TAC and ameliorated the histoarchitectural disturbances. NSS mitigated MSG-induced testicular impairment by its antioxidant and cytoprotective activities.

scholarly journals The adverse effect of long term intake of Monosodium Glutamate on kidney performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 880 (1) ◽  
pp. 012056
Author(s):  
Amer M. Hussin ◽  
Ali A. Tala’a ◽  
Safa Abdul Naser Fadhil ◽  
Hamzah Abdulrahman Salman
Keyword(s):  
Mesangial Cells ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Monosodium Glutamate ◽  
Environmental Pollutant ◽  
Basement Membranes ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Histological Techniques ◽  
Treatment Groups

Abstract Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a food additive that is considered as a water and environmental pollutant and affects the tissues of the living being. This study was aimed to find the effect of long-term administration of MSG on the mass of mesangial cells of the kidneys. Forty adult male rats were divided into four groups (10 each). Control groups 1&2 were supplied orally with distilled water for 30 and 60 days, respectively. Treatment groups 1&2 were supplied orally with 15 mg/kg Bwt of MSG for 30 & 60 days, respectively. Control and treatment groups were sacrificed, specimens of kidneys were obtained, fixed with 10% neutral buffered formalin, processed by Routine histological techniques, stained by Hematoxylin and eosin, and PAS (Periodic Acid-Schiff) stains then examined under the light microscope. The result found enlargement in a mesangial mass represented by hypertrophy and hyperplasia of mesangial cells leading to mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis. Accordingly, the study showed an increase in creatinine values, indicating a disturbance in renal function. This will lead to a decrease in the sizes of the glomeruli of renal corpuscles and a relative increase of Bowman’s space. With the time of the experiment, the glomerular capillaries and gates of basement membranes will be closed, resulting in renal filtration disorders. It was concluded that the long-term intake of MSG leads to indirect narrowing of the glomerular capillary lumen, causing kidney failure.

Acute Exposure to the Neonicotinoid Insecticide Imidacloprid of Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Gonads: A Histopathological Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Cansu Akbulut
Keyword(s):  
Interstitial Fibrosis ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Testicular Tissue ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Histological Techniques ◽  
Zona Radiata ◽  
Structural Deterioration ◽  
Neonicotinoid Insecticide

Neonicotinoids are the new class of insecticides that are high target specificity to insects. Imidacloprid is a neonicotinoid that is the most widely used insecticide in the world. As a result of its widespread use in agriculture, imidacloprid interferes with the aquatic system and threatens the aquatic environment. In this study, an investigation of the histopathological effects of imidacloprid on zebrafish gonads was aimed. Zebrafish were exposed to 9.5 mg/L, 19 mg/L, and 38 mg/L of imidacloprid for 5 days, considering the 96 h LC50 value. After dissecting the gonadal tissues, routine histological techniques were applied, and the tissues were stained with Periodic Acid-Schiff (PAS), Toluidine Blue (TB), and Haematoxylin and Eosin (H&E). Sections were examined under a light microscope. While normal gonad histology was observed in the control group, histopathological alternations such as degeneration and union in the seminiferous tubules, hypertrophy in spermatogenic and Leydig cells, and interstitial fibrosis were detected in testicular tissue of the experimental groups. In the ovarian tissues of the experimental groups, structural deterioration in oocytes, autolysis, increase in the number of atretic oocytes, vacuolization in cortical alveoli, thickening and curling in the zona radiata, and opening in the perifollicular layers were detected.

Hepatotoxic effects of melamine exposure from the weaning period in rats: a flow cytometric, electron microscopic, and histopathologic study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuleyha Erisgin ◽  
Hasan Serdar Mutlu ◽  
Yavuz Tekelioglu ◽  
Engin Deveci ◽  
Ugur Seker
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Flow Cytometric Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Flow Cytometric ◽  
Transmission Electron

Abstract This study aims to investigate the effects of melamine exposure from the weaning period (21st postnatal days in rats) on liver tissue. Female Wistar albino rats (n = 18) were divided into three groups. About 0.1-ml saline was applied to the control group by gavage for 21 days from the postnatal 21st day. The second group was taken 50-mg/kg melamine (in 0.1-ml saline) and the third group was taken 75-mg/kg melamine (in 0.1-ml saline) p.o. On the postnatal 45th day, all rats were sacrificed under anesthesia. Then, liver tissues were cut into three parts and two of them placed in neutral formalin for histopathological and flow cytometric analysis, and one of them placed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde. Histopathological analysis was performed with hematoxylin & eosin, Masson trichrome, periodic acid Schiff stained sections, and also with transmission electron microscopy. Apoptosis (Annexin V positivity) was analyzed by flow cytometry. According to histopathological analysis, hepatocyte damage, sinusoidal dilatation, and inflammatory cell infiltration significantly increased in both melamine groups compared with the control group. Apoptosis significantly increased in the 50 and 75-mg melamine groups compared with the control group. In the results of transmission electron microscopy analysis, there was abnormal chromatin distribution in the hepatocyte nuclei, loss in the cristae of the mitochondria, and organelle loss in large areas in the cytoplasm in both melamine exposure groups. As result, melamine exposure from the weaning period causes liver damage with increasing doses.

scholarly journals Resveratrol Ameliorates Testicular Histopathology of Mice Exposed to Restraint Stress

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 743 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheeraz Mustafa ◽  
Quanwei Wei ◽  
Wael Ennab ◽  
Zengpeng Lv ◽  
Korejo Nazar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Restraint Stress ◽  
Immobilization Stress ◽  
Tunica Albuginea ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Testis Weight ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Luminal Diameter

We evaluated immobilization stress and resveratrol supplementation in immature male mice at 30 days of age for 15 consecutive days. Fifty Swiss mice were divided into five groups (10 mice each): Controls, restraint stress (RS), restraint stress + vehicle (RS + V), RS + 2 mg/kg, and RS + 20 mg/kg. We determined results on the basis of hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), “Periodic acid-Schiff” staining, and TUNEL assay. The results indicated that immobilization stress significantly decreased body weight, testis weight, and water/food intake compared to the control; while resveratrol ameliorated these effects. The quantitative histologic evaluation of the seminiferous tubule diameter, luminal diameter, area of seminiferous tubules, area of tubule lumen, epithelial height, Leydig cell number, and the width of the tunica albuginea were similarly decreased after exposure to RS. These parameters recovered back to normal in the RS + 2 mg/kg group. The development of spermatogenesis was significantly delayed in the RS, RS + V, and RS + 20 mg groups based upon our evaluation score system. However, we observed no significant differences in the RS + 2 mg group compared with the control group. The number of TUNEL-positive cells also significantly decreased in the RS + 2 mg/kg group. In conclusion, we found that the administration of 2 mg/kg was an effective dose against immobilization stress in mice.

scholarly journals The potential renal toxicity of silver nanoparticles after repeated oral exposure and its underlying mechanisms

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamed Nosrati ◽  
Manijeh Hamzepoor ◽  
Maryam Sohrabi ◽  
Massoud Saidijam ◽  
Mohammad Javad Assari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Renal Toxicity ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Oral Exposure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff

Abstract Background Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) can accumulate in various organs after oral exposure. The main objective of the current study is to evaluate the renal toxicity induced by AgNPs after repeated oral exposure and to determine the relevant molecular mechanisms. Methods In this study, 40 male Wistar rats were treated with solutions containing 30, 125, 300, and 700 mg/kg of AgNPs. After 28 days of exposure, histopathological changes were assessed using hematoxylin-eosin (H&E), Masson’s trichrome, and periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining. Apoptosis was quantified by TUNEL and immunohistochemistry of caspase-3, and the level of expression of the mRNAs of growth factors was determined using RT-PCR. Results Histopathologic examination revealed degenerative changes in the glomeruli, loss of tubular architecture, loss of brush border, and interrupted tubular basal laminae. These changes were more noticeable in groups treated with 30 and 125 mg/kg. The collagen intensity increased in the group treated with 30 mg/kg in both the cortex and the medulla. Apoptosis was much more evident in middle-dose groups (i.e., 125 and 300 mg/kg). The results of RT-PCR indicated that Bcl-2 and Bax mRNAs upregulated in the treated groups (p < 0.05). Moreover, the data related to EGF, TNF-α, and TGF-β1 revealed that AgNPs induced significant changes in gene expression in the groups treated with 30 and 700 mg/kg compared to the control group. Conclusion Our observations showed that AgNPs played a critical role in in vivo renal toxicity.

EFFECTS OF MELATONIN AND CURCUMIN TREATMENTS ON THE OVARIUM IN KIDNEY ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION INJURY: A HISTOPATHOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (15) ◽  
pp. 45-51
Author(s):  
Ayşe Köse Vuruşkan ◽  
Nur ELAGÜL ◽  
Tansel SAPMAZ ◽  
Sude TOPKARAOĞLU
Keyword(s):  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histological Structure ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Group I ◽  
Vascular Congestion ◽  
Reperfusion Period ◽  
Female Wistar Rats

Aim: We aimed to investigate how bilateral renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) damage affects the ovaries as a distant organ and the effects of melatonin (MEL), curcumin (CUR) and melatonin+curcumin (MEL+CUR) treatments on I/R damage. Material and Method: 42 female Wistar rats were used in the study. Rats were divided into 6 groups and study was designed as follows: Control group (G1) – opening and closing the abdomen only (sham surgery group) –, I/R group (G2) – 45 min ischemia followed by 2 h reperfusion –, I/R+MEL group (G3) – 45 min ischemia, intraperitoneal (i.p) 20 mg/kg MEL injection 5 min before reperfusion, followed by 2 h reperfusion –, I/R+CUR group (G4) – 45 min ischemia, 5 min before reperfusion i.p 200 mg/kg CUR injection and then 2 hours reperfusion –, I/R+MEL+CUR group (G5) – 45 min ischemia, 5 min before reperfusion i.p 20 mg/kg MEL and 200 mg/kg CUR injection, followed by 2 hours reperfusion –. At the end of the reperfusion period, the rats were sacrificed. Right ovaries were removed from the peritoneum and fixed. After fixation and follow-up, tissue sections were stained with hematoxylin&eosin (H&E), Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS)+Hematoxylin (PAS+H) and Masson’s trichrome stains. Pathological changes were scored and statistically evaluated. Results: Compared to the control group, there was a decrease in hemorrhage, vascular congestion, follicular degeneration, inflammation, interstitial edema, vasodilation and growing follicle numbers in all groups; these changes were severe in the G2 group; Mild to moderate severity was observed in the G3, G4 and G5 groups. Conclusion: Renal I/R damage significantly affects the ovaries histopathologically. MEL, CUR, and MEL+CUR partially preserve the histological structure, but MEL treatment seems to be more effective than CUR treatment.

scholarly journals Histopathological Study of Cyclosporine Pulmonary Toxicity in Rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Said Said Elshama ◽  
Ayman El-Meghawry EL-Kenawy ◽  
Hosam-Eldin Hussein Osman
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Physiological Saline ◽  
Immunosuppressive Drugs ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
Body Weight Reduction

Cyclosporine is considered one of the common worldwide immunosuppressive drugs that are used for allograft rejection prevention. However, articles that address adverse effects of cyclosporine use on the vital organs such as lung are still few. This study aims to investigate pulmonary toxic effect of cyclosporine in rats by assessment of pulmonary histopathological changes using light and electron microscope examination. Sixty male adult albino rats were divided into three groups; each group consists of twenty rats. The first received physiological saline while the second and third groups received 25 and 40 mg/kg/day of cyclosporine, respectively, by gastric gavage for forty-five days. Cyclosporine reduced the lung and body weight with shrinkage or pyknotic nucleus of pneumocyte type II, degeneration of alveoli and interalveolar septum beside microvilli on the alveolar surface, emphysema, inflammatory cellular infiltration, pulmonary blood vessels congestion, and increase of fibrous tissues in the interstitial tissues and around alveoli with negative Periodic Acid-Schiff staining. Prolonged use of cyclosporine induced pulmonary ultrastructural and histopathological changes with the lung and body weight reduction depending on its dose.

scholarly journals Methane-Rich Saline Ameliorates Sepsis-Induced Acute Kidney Injury through Anti-Inflammation, Antioxidative, and Antiapoptosis Effects by Regulating Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yifan Jia ◽  
Zeyu Li ◽  
Yang Feng ◽  
Ruixia Cui ◽  
Yanyan Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Cecal Ligation ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Acute Injury ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tunel Staining ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Surgery Group

Sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) is a severe complication of sepsis and an important cause of mortality in septic patients. Previous investigations showed that methane had protective properties against different diseases in animal models. This study is aimed at investigating whether methane-rich saline (MRS) has a protective effect against sepsis-induced AKI. Sepsis was induced in wild-type C57BL/6 mice by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), and the mice were divided into three groups: a sham control group (sham), a surgery group with saline intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) treatment (CLP + NS), and a surgery group with MRS i.p. treatment (CLP + MRS). 24 h after the establishment of the sepsis, the blood and kidney tissues of mice in all groups were collected. According to the serum levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (CRE) and a histologic analysis, which included hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining and periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining, MRS treatment protected renal function and tissues from acute injury. Additionally, MRS treatment significantly ameliorated apoptosis, based on the levels of apoptosis-related protein makers, including cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved PARP, and the levels of Bcl-2/Bax expression and TUNEL staining. In addition, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78)/activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4)/C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP)/caspase-12 apoptosis signaling pathway was significantly suppressed in the CLP + MRS group. The levels of inflammation and oxidative stress were also reduced after MRS treatment. These results showed that MRS has the potential to ameliorate sepsis-induced acute kidney injury through its anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, and antiapoptosis properties.

scholarly journals Protective role of Nigella sativa in chemotherapy-induced alopecia

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 455
Author(s):  
Uzma Saleem ◽  
Shakila Sabir ◽  
Bashir Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Video Clip ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
Anagen Phase ◽  
Full Screen

<p>Chemotherapy-induced alopecia affects the pathological as well as the psychological aspects of the cancer patient. In the present study, the protective role of Nigella sativa was evaluated in both adult and newborn albino rats. The anagen phase was first induced. N. sativa oil, N. sativa decoction (5%, 10% and 15%) and minoxidil lotion (standard) were applied daily to the rats two days after the depilation. During the anagen VI phase of the hair follicles, alopecia was induced by giving cyclophosphamide 125 mg/kg, ip to the adult rat and 50 mg/kg to the newborn rats. Cyclophosphamide-induced the alopecia to the whole depilated area of skin in adult rat while alopecia totalis was observed in the newborn rat disease control group. N. sativa oil, N. sativa decoction (5%) showed a significant protective effect against cyclophosphamide-induced alopecia. In conclusion, it is evident that N. sativa provides significant protection against chemotherapy-induced alopecia.</p><p><strong>Video Clip of Methodology</strong>:</p><p>1 min 43 sec:   <a href="https://www.youtube.com/v/AKhk27V3juE">Full Screen</a>   <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AKhk27V3juE">Alternate</a></p>

Mast cell infiltration associated with tubulointerstitial fibrosis in chronic Aristolochic Acid Nephropathy

2005 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yichao Wu ◽  
Zhihong Liu ◽  
Weixin Hu ◽  
Leishi Li
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Aristolochic Acid ◽  
Interstitial Fibrosis ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Basement Membranes ◽  
Cell Infiltration ◽  
Alpha Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Aristolochic Acid Nephropathy

Aristolochic Acid Nephropathy (AAN) is regarded as a kind of toxic nephropathy caused by the formation of DNA- aristolochic acid adducts in renal parenchymal cells. However, the underlying mechanisms driving the progression of renal interstitial fibrosis in AAN still remains unclear. This study aims to elucidate the role of some immunological factors, especially mast cells (MCs), in the pathogenesis of AAN. Sixteen patients with AAN were enrolled in this study, including five acute and 11 chronic AAN. Monoclonal antibodies against human tryptase, alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and CD68 were applied on serial sections, which were further counterstained with Periodic Acid-Schiff. It was found that massive tryptase-positive MCs were observed in the fibrotic areas in chronic AAN, especially around thickened tubular basement membranes where myofibroblasts accumulated too. In contrast, MCs infiltrated to a less extent in acute AAN, and were barely found in normal control kidneys. In chronic AAN, the number of MCs in the tubulointerstitium was positively correlated with the degree of renal fibrosis ( r=0.64, P<0.05), but not with serum creatinine levels. Meanwhile, the recruitment of MCs into the renal interstitium is accompanied with local proliferation of myofibroblasts. Macrophages were not abundant, neither in acute nor in chronic AAN. Our findings show for the first time that mast cell infiltration seems to be associated with the progression of fibrosis in the renal tubulointerstitium in chronic AAN.

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