scholarly journals Synthesis of bimetallic nanoparticles loaded on to PNIPAM hybrid microgel and their catalytic activity

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohib Ullah Kakar ◽  
Khakemin Khan ◽  
Muhammad Akram ◽  
Rokayya Sami ◽  
Ebtihal Khojah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Metallic Nanoparticles ◽  
Bimetallic Nanoparticles ◽  
Catalytic Properties ◽  
Thiol Group ◽  
Pseudo First Order Reaction ◽  
Efficient Catalyst ◽  
Nitrogenous Compounds ◽  
X Ray

AbstractThis study was designed to preparecarboxyl-functionalized poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) PNIPAM microgels having excellent catalytic properties.Recently, researchers are trying to fabricate cost effective and efficient hybrid catalytic materials for the synthesis of nitrogenous compounds along with enhanced optical properties. For the same motive, synthesis of carboxyl-functionalized PNIPAM microgels was performed by using polymerization of soap-free emulsion of N-isopropyl acrylamide, which is NIPAM along with acrylic acid (AA). The thiol group was introduced through the imide bond mediated by carbodiimide, between carboxyl-functionalized microgels through carboxyl group and aminoethanethiol (AET). Copper, Palladium and Cu/Pd nanoparticles were incorporated successfully into thiol-functionalized PNIPAM microgels through metals thiol linkage. The synthesized microgels and hybrid encompassing metallic nanoparticles were characterized in detail by using Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron (XPS) and Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy for structural interpretation. The thermal properties of the pure and hybrid microgels were inspected by TG analysis. The prepared nanocomposites PNIPAM-Cu, PNIPAM-Pd and PNIPAM-Cu/Pd exhibited decent catalytic properties for the degradation of 4-Nitrophenol and methylene blue, but the bimetallic Cu/Pd have remarkable catalytic properties. The catalytic reaction followed pseudo-first-order reaction with rate constants 0.223 min−1, 0.173 min−1 for 4-Nitrophenol and methylene blue in that order. In this study,we were able to establish that Cu/Pd hybrid is an efficient catalyst for 4-Nitrophenol and methylene blue as compared to its atomic analogue.

scholarly journals Comparison of the structural and photo-catalytic properties of nanostructured Fe3O4/TiO2 core-shell composites synthesized by ultrasonic and Stöber methods

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 415-432
Author(s):  
Faezeh Parast ◽  
Mehdi Montazeri-Pour ◽  
Masoud Rajabi ◽  
Fatemeh Bavarsiha
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Catalytic Properties ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Oxide Coating ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
Methylene Blue Dye ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Titanium Oxide Coating

In the present research, Fe3O4/TiO2 magnetic photo-catalytic nanocomposites with a core/shell structure were successfully synthesized using two techniques of ultrasonic and St?ber. In this way, iron oxide (II, III) nanoparticles as soft magnetic cores of this composite were prepared by utilizing a chemical method assisted by ultrasound with a Fe+3/Fe+2 molar ratio of 1.5 under the nitrogen atmosphere. Thereafter, titanium oxide coating was performed on Fe3O4 nanoparticles by using tetrabutyl orthotitanate (TBOT) and titanium isopropoxide (TTIP) precursors. The resultant nanostructures were characterized by means of X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis, vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Through findings obtained from TEM examinations, the formation of core/shell nanostructure was confirmed in the prepared Fe3O4/TiO2 composites. Analysis of magnetic properties revealed that titanium oxide coating on iron oxide nanoparticles reduces saturation magnetization (Ms). The values of saturation magnetization for Fe3O4 powder and Fe3O4/TiO2 nanocomposite powders achieved via ultrasonic and St?ber methods were 60, 23 and 9 emu/g, respectively. Photo-catalytic properties of Fe3O4/TiO2 nanostructures were evaluated by the use of methylene blue dye under UV light. Results indicated that Fe3O4/TiO2 composite obtained by the St?ber method has a better photo-catalytic property as well as a decreased but acceptable magnetic separation. Degradation of methylene blue dye in the presence of photo-catalytic powder prepared by ultrasonic and St?ber procedures was 61 and 69 %, respectively, within 90 minutes of UV light exposure.

Low Temperature Hydrothermal Synthesis of 3D-MnO2 Nanostructures and their Catalytic Properties over MB

2013 ◽  
Vol 448-453 ◽  
pp. 730-733
Author(s):  
Si Liang Li ◽  
Ya Jie Guo ◽  
Jing Juan Pu
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Catalytic Properties ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Hydrothermal Route ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Facile Hydrothermal Route ◽  
Scanning Electron

A novel three-dimensional MnO2 catalyst have been successfully prepared by a facile hydrothermal route. They were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In addition, they showed excellent catalytic activity over the aqueous degradation of methylene blue (MB).

Synthesis and Photo-Catalytic Properties of MOO3 Nanosheets

2014 ◽  
Vol 602-603 ◽  
pp. 42-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Zhang ◽  
Yue Tu ◽  
Jing Hui Cui ◽  
Wu Chao Shi ◽  
Qiang Li
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Chemical Process ◽  
Catalytic Properties ◽  
Molybdenum Trioxide ◽  
Layered Material ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Selected Area Electron Diffraction ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
2D Structure

Layered Molybdenum trioxide MOO3, with a two-dimensional (2D) structure was successfully delaminated into colloidal nanosheets in n-butanol via a soft-chemical process involving intercalation of dodecylamine. X-ray diffration (XRD) showd that: after intercalation spacing of the layered material expend from 1.38nm to 2.69nm. Furthermore, stable nanosheet sol was obtained after exfoliation under ultrasonic condition, Characterizations by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scan electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed the formation of unilamellar 2D nanosheet crystallites with an average lateral size of 400 nm, those also suggests that the samples we got is Lamellar structured. Selected Area Electron Diffraction (SEDA) indicates that the obtained nanosheets were crystalline. And the obtained nanosheets exhibited photo-catalytic decolorization properties. Which was evaluated by monitoring the degradation of Methylene Blue, after 40 minutes 90% methylene blue was degradated.

Preparation, Characterization and Catalytic Properties of the Different Types of Nanometer Crystal Manganese Dioxide

2011 ◽  
Vol 287-290 ◽  
pp. 708-711
Author(s):  
De Qing Chu ◽  
Yun Na Dong ◽  
Zhi Ri Yu ◽  
Liang Ci Su ◽  
Li Min Wang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Manganese Dioxide ◽  
Degradation Rate ◽  
Catalytic Properties ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Nano Crystal ◽  
Scanning Electron

The different types of nanometer crystal manganese dioxides was prepared by hydrothermal method, and was characterized by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. Meanwhile, the catalytic properties of the samples were investigated in catalytic degradation of methylene blue. The results showed that the different types of nano-crystal manganese dioxide had uniform crastallinity and good dispersion. And the degradation rate of methylene blue has reached more than 60%.

scholarly journals Efficient Adsorption of Methylene Blue by Porous Biochar Derived from Soybean Dreg Using a One-Pot Synthesis Method

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 661
Author(s):  
Zhiwei Ying ◽  
Xinwei Chen ◽  
He Li ◽  
Xinqi Liu ◽  
Chi Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Urban Pollution ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Isotherm Equation

Soybean dreg is a by-product of soybean products production, with a large consumption in China. Low utilization value leads to random discarding, which is one of the important sources of urban pollution. In this work, porous biochar was synthesized using a one-pot method and potassium bicarbonate (KHCO3) with low-cost soybean dreg (SD) powder as the carbon precursor to investigating the adsorption of methylene blue (MB). The prepared samples were characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), elemental analyzer (EA), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), Raman spectroscopy (Raman), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The obtained SDB-K-3 showed a high specific surface area of 1620 m2 g−1, a large pore volume of 0.7509 cm3 g−1, and an average pore diameter of 1.859 nm. The results indicated that the maximum adsorption capacity of SDB-K-3 to MB could reach 1273.51 mg g−1 at 318 K. The kinetic data were most consistent with the pseudo-second-order model and the adsorption behavior was more suitable for the Langmuir isotherm equation. This study demonstrated that the porous biochar adsorbent can be prepared from soybean dreg by high value utilization, and it could hold significant potential for dye wastewater treatment in the future.

scholarly journals Decolorization of Methylene Blue by Ag/SrSnO3 Composites under Ultraviolet Radiation

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patcharanan Junploy ◽  
Titipun Thongtem ◽  
Somchai Thongtem ◽  
Anukorn Phuruangrat
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Uv Radiation ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Separation Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Electron Hole ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Uv Visible

SrSn(OH)6 precursors synthesized by a cyclic microwave radiation (CMR) process were calcined at 900°C for 3 h to form rod-like SrSnO3. Further, the rod-like SrSnO3 and AgNO3 in ethylene glycol (EG) were ultrasonically vibrated to form rod-like Ag/SrSnO3 composites, characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), electron microscopy (EM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and UV-visible analysis. The photocatalyses of rod-like SrSnO3, 1 wt%, 5 wt%, and 10 wt% Ag/SrSnO3 composites were studied for degradation of methylene blue (MB, C16H18N3SCl) dye under ultraviolet (UV) radiation. In this research, the 5 wt% Ag/SrSnO3 composites showed the highest activity, enhanced by the electron-hole separation process. The photoactivity became lower by the excessive Ag nanoparticles due to the negative effect caused by reduction in the absorption of UV radiation.

scholarly journals Facile Preparation of Rod-like MnO Nanomixtures via Hydrothermal Approach and Highly Efficient Removal of Methylene Blue for Wastewater Treatment

Nanomaterials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuelong Xu ◽  
Bin Ren ◽  
Ran Wang ◽  
Lihui Zhang ◽  
Tifeng Jiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Degradation Mechanism ◽  
Dye Adsorption ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Degradation Ratio ◽  
Hydrothermal Approach

In the present study, nanoscale rod-shaped manganese oxide (MnO) mixtures were successfully prepared from graphitic carbon nitride (C3N4) and potassium permanganate (KMnO4) through a hydrothermal method. The as-prepared MnO nanomixtures exhibited high activity in the adsorption and degradation of methylene blue (MB). The as-synthesized products were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), surface area analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Furthermore, the effects of the dose of MnO nanomixtures, pH of the solution, initial concentration of MB, and the temperature of MB removal in dye adsorption and degradation experiments was investigated. The degradation mechanism of MB upon treatment with MnO nanomixtures and H2O2 was studied and discussed. The results showed that a maximum adsorption capacity of 154 mg g−1 was obtained for a 60 mg L−1 MB solution at pH 9.0 and 25 °C, and the highest MB degradation ratio reached 99.8% under the following optimum conditions: 50 mL of MB solution (20 mg L−1) at room temperature and pH ≈ 8.0 with 7 mg of C, N-doped MnO and 0.5 mL of H2O2.

Ni/MWCNT-Supported Palladium Nanoparticles as Magnetic Catalysts for Selective Oxidation of Benzyl Alcohol

2013 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingmei Zhang ◽  
Qian Sun ◽  
Zaoxue Yan ◽  
Junjie Jing ◽  
Wei Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Benzyl Alcohol ◽  
Bimetallic Nanoparticles ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Oxidation Of Benzyl Alcohol ◽  
Uniform Dispersion ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Well dispersed Pd@Ni bimetallic nanoparticles on multi-walled carbon nanotubes (Pd@Ni/MWCNT) are prepared and used as catalysts for the oxidation of benzyl alcohol. Scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis, and X-ray diffraction were performed to characterise the synthesised catalyst. The results show a uniform dispersion of Pd@Ni nanoparticles on MWCNT with an average particle size of 4.0 nm. The as synthesised catalyst was applied to the oxidation of benzyl alcohol. A 99 % conversion of benzyl alcohol and a 98 % selectivity of benzaldehyde were achieved by using the Pd@Ni/MWCNT (Pd: 0.2 mmol) catalyst with water as a solvent and H2O2 as oxidant at 80°C. The catalytic activity of Pd@Ni/MWCNT towards benzyl alcohol is higher than that of a Pd/MWCNT catalyst at the same Pd loadings. The catalyst can be easily separated due to its magnetic properties.

Synthesis of Indole Derivatives Using Biosynthesized ZnO-CaO Nanoparticles as an Efficient Catalyst

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
pp. 61-71
Author(s):  
Tahereh Heidarzadeh ◽  
Navabeh Nami ◽  
Daryoush Zareyee
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Indole Derivatives ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Efficient Catalyst ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Solvent Free Conditions ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Eggshell Waste ◽  
Aromatic And Aliphatic Amines

The principal aim of this research is using biosynthesized ZnO-CaO nanoparticles (NPs) for preparation of indole derivatives. ZnO-CaO NPs have been prepared using Zn(CH3COO)2 and eggshell waste powder in solvent-free conditions. Morphology and structure of NPs were determined by FT-IR, X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive spectra (EDS). It was used as a highly efficient catalyst for the synthesis of indole derivatives. Some indole derivatives were synthesized by the reaction of indole, formaldehyde, aromatic and aliphatic amines in the presence of ZnO-CaO NPs (5 mol%) in ethanol under reflux conditions. The assigned structure was further established by CHN analyses, NMR, and FT-IR spectra. Because of excellent capacity, the exceedingly simple workup and good yield, eco-friendly catalyst ZnO-CaO NPs were proved to be a good catalyst for this reaction.

scholarly journals The Preparation and Catalytic Properties of Nanoporous Pt/CeO2 Composites with Nanorod Framework Structures

Nanomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 683 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiyang Wang ◽  
Dong Duan ◽  
Chen Ma ◽  
Wenyu Shi ◽  
Miaomiao Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Catalytic Properties ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Active Oxygen Species ◽  
Pt Nanoparticles ◽  
Strong Interactions ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Small Pore ◽  
Melt Spun

Pt/CeO2 catalysts with nanoporous structures were prepared by the facile dealloying of melt-spun Al92−XCe8PtX (X = 0.1; 0.3 and 0.5) ribbons followed by calcination. The phase compositions and structural parameters of the catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The specific surface area and pore size distribution were characterized by N2 adsorption–desorption tests. The catalytic properties were evaluated by a three-way catalyst (TWC) measurement system. The results revealed that the dealloyed samples exhibited a nanorod framework structure. The Pt nanoparticles that formed in situ were supported and highly dispersed on the CeO2 nanorod surface and had sizes in the range of 2–5 nm. For the catalyst prepared from the melt-spun Al91.7Ce8Pt0.3 ribbons, the 50% CO conversion temperature (T50) was 91 °C, and total CO could be converted when the temperature was increased to 113 °C. An X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) test showed that the Pt0.3/CeO2 sample had a slightly richer oxygen vacancy; and a H2 temperature-programmed reduction (H2-TPR) test demonstrated its superior adsorption ability for reduction gas and high content of active oxygen species. The experiments indicated that the catalytic performance could be retained without any attenuation after 130 h when water and CO2 were present in the reaction gas. The favorable catalytic activities were attributed to the high specific areas and small pore and Pt particle sizes as well as the strong interactions between the CeO2 and Pt nanoparticles. The Pt nanoparticles were embedded in the surface of the CeO2 nanorods, inhibiting growth. Therefore, the catalytic stability and water resistance were excellent.

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