scholarly journals Strong tribo-piezoelectric effect in bilayer indium nitride (InN)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Sherajul Islam ◽  
Md. Yasir Zamil ◽  
Md. Rayid Hasan Mojumder ◽  
Catherine Stampfl ◽  
Jeongwon Park
Keyword(s):  
Indium Nitride ◽  
Maximum Output Power ◽  
Group Iii Nitrides ◽  
Interlayer Distance ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
Voltage Generation ◽  
Energy Harvesting Devices

AbstractThe high electronegativity between the atoms of two-dimensional (2D) group-III nitrides makes them attractive to demonstrating a strong out-of-plane piezo-electricity effect. Energy harvesting devices can be predicted by cultivating such salient piezoelectric features. This work explores the tribo-piezoelectric properties of 2D-indium nitride (InN) as a promising candidate in nanogenerator applications by means of first-principles calculations. In-plane interlayer sliding between two InN monolayers leads to a noticeable rise of vertical piezoelectricity. The vertical resistance between the InN bilayer renders tribological energy by the sliding effect. During the vertical sliding, a shear strength of 6.6–9.7 GPa is observed between the monolayers. The structure can be used as a tribo-piezoelectric transducer to extract force and stress from the generated out-of-plane tribo-piezoelectric energy. The A–A stacking of the bilayer InN elucidates the highest out-of-plane piezoelectricity. Any decrease in the interlayer distance between the monolayers improves the out-of-plane polarization and thus, increases the inductive voltage generation. Vertical compression of bilayer InN produces an inductive voltage in the range of 0.146–0.196 V. Utilizing such a phenomenon, an InN-based bilayer compression-sliding nanogenerator is proposed, which can tune the generated tribo-piezoelectric energy by compressing the interlayer distance between the InN monolayers. The considered model can render a maximum output power density of ~ 73 mWcm−2 upon vertical sliding.

scholarly journals Bidirectional Piezoelectric Energy Harvester

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (18) ◽  
pp. 3845 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrius Čeponis ◽  
Dalius Mažeika ◽  
Artūras Kilikevičius
Keyword(s):  
Output Power ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Maximum Output Power ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Electrical Characteristics ◽  
Harmonic Vibrations ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
Bending Modes

This paper represents a numerical and experimental investigation of the bidirectional piezoelectric energy harvester. The harvester can harvest energy from the vibrating base in two perpendicular directions. The introduced harvester consists of two cantilevers that are connected by a particular angle and two seismic masses. The first mass is placed at a free end of the harvester while the second mass is fixed at the joining point of the cantilevers. The piezoelectric energy harvester employs the first and the second out of plane bending modes. The numerical investigation was carried out to obtain optimal geometrical parameters and to calculate the mechanical and electrical characteristics of the harvester. The energy harvester can provide stable output power during harmonic and impact-based excitation in two directions. The results of the investigations showed that energy harvester provides a maximum output power of 16.85 µW and 15.9 4 µW when the base has harmonic vibrations in y and z directions, respectively. Maximum output of 4.059 nW/N and 3.1 nW/N in y and z directions were obtained in case of impact based excitation

scholarly journals FINITE ELEMENT SIMULATION OF MEMS PIEZOELECTRIC ENERGY SCAVENGER BASED ON PZT THIN FILM

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-99
Author(s):  
Aliza Aini Md Ralib ◽  
Nur Wafa Asyiqin Zulfakher ◽  
Rosminazuin Ab Rahim ◽  
Nor Farahidah Za'bah ◽  
Noor Hazrin Hany Mohamad Hanif
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Output Voltage ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Maximum Output Power ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvesting ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
The World

Vibration energy harvesting has been progressively developed in the advancement of technology and widely used by a lot of researchers around the world. There is a very high demand for energy scavenging around the world due to it being cheaper in price, possibly miniaturized within a system, long lasting, and environmentally friendly. The conventional battery is hazardous to the environment and has a shorter operating lifespan. Therefore, ambient vibration energy serves as an alternative that can replace the battery because it can be integrated and compatible to micro-electromechanical systems. This paper presents the design and analysis of a MEMS piezoelectric energy harvester, which is a vibration energy harvesting type. The energy harvester was formed using Lead Zicronate Titanate (PZT-5A) as the piezoelectric thin film, silicon as the substrate layer and structural steel as the electrode layer. The resonance frequency will provide the maximum output power, maximum output voltage and maximum displacement of vibration. The operating mode also plays an important role to generate larger output voltage with less displacement of cantilever. Some designs also have been studied by varying height and length of piezoelectric materials. Hence, this project will demonstrate the simulation of a MEMS piezoelectric device for a low power electronic performance. Simulation results show PZT-5A piezoelectric energy with a length of 31 mm and height of 0.16 mm generates maximum output voltage of 7.435 V and maximum output power of 2.30 mW at the resonance frequency of 40 Hz. ABSTRAK: Penuaian tenaga getaran telah berkembang secara pesat dalam kemajuan teknologi dan telah digunakan secara meluas oleh ramai penyelidik di seluruh dunia. Terdapat permintaan yang sangat tinggi di seluruh dunia terhadap penuaian tenaga kerana harganya yang lebih murah, bersaiz kecil dalam satu sistem, tahan lama dan mesra alam. Manakala, bateri konvensional adalah berbahaya bagi alam sekitar dan mempunyai jangka hayat yang lebih pendek. Oleh itu, getaran tenaga dari persekitaran lebih sesuai sebagai alternatif kepada bateri kerana ia mudah diintegrasikan dan serasi dengan sistem mikroelektromekanikal. Kertas kerja ini  membentangkan reka bentuk dan analisis tenaga piezoelektrik MEMS iaitu salah satu jenis penuaian tenaga getaran. Penuai tenaga ini dibentuk menggunakan Lead Zicronate Titanate (PZT-5A) sebagai lapisan filem tipis piezoelektrik, silikon sebagai lapisan substrat dan keluli struktur sebagai lapisan elektrod. Frekuensi resonans akan memberikan hasil tenaga maksima, voltan tenaga maksima dan getaran jarak maksima. Mod pengendalian juga memainkan peranan penting bagi menghasilkan tenaga yang lebih besar. Reka bentuk yang mempunyai ketinggian dan panjang berlainan juga telah diuji dengan menggunakan bahan piezoelektrik yang sama. Oleh itu, projek ini akan menghasilkan simulasi piezoelektrik MEMS yang sesuai digunakan bagi alat elektronik berkuasa rendah. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan dengan panjang 31 mm dan ketinggian 0.16 mm, piezoelektrik PZT ini menghasilkan voltan maksima sebanyak 7.435 V dan tenaga output maksima 2.30 mW pada frekuensi resonans 40 Hz.

Study of Cantilever Structures Based on Piezoelectric Materials for Energy Harvesting at Low Frequency of Vibration

2014 ◽  
Vol 976 ◽  
pp. 159-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Ambrosio ◽  
Hector Gonzalez ◽  
Mario Moreno ◽  
Alfonso Torres ◽  
Rafael Martinez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Output Power ◽  
Lead Zirconate Titanate ◽  
Maximum Output Power ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Electrical Contacts ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Coupling Coefficients ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy

In this work is presented a study of a piezoelectric energy harvesting device used for low power consumption applications operating at relative low frequency. The structure consists of a cantilever beam made by Lead Zirconate Titanate (PZT) layer with two gold electrodes for electrical contacts. The piezoelectric material was selected taking into account its high coupling coefficients. Different structures were analyzed with variations in its dimensions and shape of the cantilever. The devices were designed to operate at the resonance frequency to get maximum electrical power output. The structures were simulated using finite element (FE) software. The analysis of the harvesting devices was performed in order to investigate the influence of the geometric parameters on the output power and the natural frequency. To validate the simulation results, an experiment with a PZT cantilever with brass substrate was carried out. The experimental data was found to be very close to simulation data. The results indicate that large structures, in the order of millimeters, are the ideal for piezoelectric energy harvesting devices providing a maximum output power in the range of mW

scholarly journals Experimental Study on Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting from Vortex-Induced Vibrations and Wake-Induced Vibrations

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Zhang ◽  
Junlei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Output Voltage ◽  
Maximum Output Power ◽  
Load Resistance ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Vortex Induced Vibrations ◽  
Flow Induced Vibrations ◽  
Generation Capacity ◽  
Output Characteristics

A rigid circular cylinder with two piezoelectric beams attached on has been tested through vortex-induced vibrations (VIV) and wake-induced vibrations (WIV) by installing a big cylinder fixed upstream, in order to study the influence of the different flow-induced vibrations (FIV) types. The VIV test shows that the output voltage increases with the increases of load resistance; an optimal load resistance exists for the maximum output power. The WIV test shows that the vibration of the small cylinder is controlled by the vortex frequency of the large one. There is an optimal gap of the cylinders that can obtain the maximum output voltage and power. For a same energy harvesting device, WIV has higher power generation capacity; then the piezoelectric output characteristics can be effectively improved.

scholarly journals Performance Evaluation of a Piezoelectric Energy Harvester Based on Flag-Flutter

Micromachines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 933 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Elahi ◽  
Marco Eugeni ◽  
Federico Fune ◽  
Luca Lampani ◽  
Franco Mastroddi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Wind Tunnel ◽  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Maximum Output Power ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Operational Environment ◽  
Subsonic Wind Tunnel ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy

In the last few decades, piezoelectric (PZT) materials have played a vital role in the aerospace industry because of their energy harvesting capability. PZT energy harvesters (PEH) absorb the energy from an operational environment and can transform it into useful energy to drive nano/micro-electronic components. In this research work, a PEH based on the flag-flutter mechanism is presented. This mechanism is based on fluid-structure interaction (FSI). The flag is subjected to the axial airflow in the subsonic wind tunnel. The performance evaluation of the harvester and aeroelastic analysis is investigated numerically and experimentally. A novel solution is presented to extract energy from Limit Cycle Oscillations (LCOs) phenomenon by means of PZT transduction. The PZT patch absorbs the flow-induced structural vibrations and transforms it into electrical energy. Furthermore, the optimal resistance and length of the flag is predicted to maximize the energy harvesting. Different configurations of flag i.e., with Aluminium (Al) patch and PZT patch for flutter mode vibration mode are studied numerically and experimentally. The bifurcation diagram is constructed for the experimental campaign for the flutter instability of a cantilevered flag in subsonic wind-tunnel. Moreover, the flutter boundary conditions are analysed for reduced critical velocity and frequency. The designed PZT energy harvester via flag-flutter mechanism is suitable for energy harvesting in aerospace engineering applications to drive wireless sensors. The maximum output power that can be generated from the designed harvester is 6.72 mW and the optimal resistance is predicted to be 0.33 MΩ.

A Power-Enhanced Active Rectifier with Offset-Controlled Comparator for Self-Powered PEH Systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (05) ◽  
pp. 1850079 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lianxi Liu ◽  
Yanbo Pang ◽  
Xufeng Liao ◽  
Zhangming Zhu ◽  
Yintang Yang
Keyword(s):  
High Precision ◽  
Maximum Output Power ◽  
Cmos Technology ◽  
Control Technique ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Active Rectifier ◽  
Offset Voltage ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Self Powered ◽  
Current Detection

In this paper, a power-enhanced active rectifier with high precision of current detection for piezoelectric energy harvesting (PEH) system is presented. A traditional two-stage active rectifier is adopted, which includes a first-stage negative voltage converter and an active diode. A comparator with offset control technique is proposed; thus the input-referred offset voltage of the proposed comparator can be less than 1[Formula: see text]mV. The current detected accuracy of the proposed offset-controlled comparator (OCC) is improved by more than 10 times over a traditional comparator. Output oscillations of the OCC are dramatically reduced attributing to the high precision of current detection. In addition, the OCC is also able to prevent the reverse leakage current. The design is implemented in an SMIC 0.18[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m standard CMOS technology with a chip area of 0.22[Formula: see text]mm2. The measurement results show that the maximum output power, power conversion efficiency and figure of merit are 23.3[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]W, 90%, and 0.9, respectively, when the open-circuit voltage is 2.4[Formula: see text]V. The proposed rectifier can be self-powered without the additional external supply.

Sulfur-assisted synthesis of indium nitride nanoplates from indium oxide

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (100) ◽  
pp. 98153-98156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liangbiao Wang ◽  
Yanxia Pan ◽  
Qianli Shen ◽  
Junhao Zhang ◽  
Keyan Bao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Indium Oxide ◽  
Indium Nitride ◽  
Group Iii Nitrides ◽  
Group Iii

Indium nitride (InN) is much more difficult to prepare than other group III nitrides for its low thermal stability.

Micro-power-generator for energy harvesting from vortex induced vibration

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 573-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuansheng Chen ◽  
Cong Gu ◽  
Hao Wang ◽  
Jinhao Qiu ◽  
Sunchong Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Output Power ◽  
Maximum Output Power ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Structural Vibration ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Power Generator ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Micro Power ◽  
Micro Power Generator

A micro-power-generator is developed with piezoelectric ceramics, which can convert the structural vibration energy generated by wind power into electricity to provide energy for micro-devices such as wireless sensor nodes. The vibration modes of the device are analyzed. The standard interface circuit for piezoelectric energy recovery and LTC3588-1 voltage stabilization circuit are selected, and the hardware circuit of the device is designed. The output voltage and power characteristics of micro-power-generator were analyzed under different loads, frequencies and amplitudes. The experimental results show that under the same wind speed, When the blunt body is a cuboid, the power generation effect of this device is the best under the optimal load, with the maximum output power of 350.7 μW. Under the same load with the same shape and structure, the load voltage and output power increase with the increase of wind speed.

New Multilayer Architectures for Piezoelectric BaTiO3 Cantilever Systems

2011 ◽  
Vol 1325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Vasta ◽  
Timothy J. Jackson ◽  
James Bowen ◽  
Edward J. Tarte
Keyword(s):  
Piezoelectric Materials ◽  
Young Modulus ◽  
Polar Axis ◽  
Multilayer Thin Films ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Piezoelectric Layers ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
Fabrication And Characterization ◽  
Energy Harvesting Devices

ABSTRACTThe fabrication and characterization of released cantilevers in new multilayer thin films architectures is reported. In contrast to previous works, the cantilevers are produced without etching of the substrate and are based on lead free piezoelectric materials. The three architectures are: SrRuO3/BaTiO3/MgO/SrTiO3/YBa2Cu3O7, SrRuO3/BaTiO3/SrRuO3/YBa2Cu3O7 and SrRuO3/BaTiO3/SrRuO3/SrTiO3/YBa2Cu3O7. It is shown that the different architectures allow a choice of the orientation of the polar axis in piezoelectric layers, in plane (d33 mode) or out of plane (d31 mode). Both configurations may be utilized in piezoelectric energy harvesting devices. Released cantilevers with the above layer sequences have been produced with lengths ranging from, 100 μm to 250 μm. The residual stress after the release of the cantilevers produces an upward bending, the distance between the cantilever tips and the substrate varies between 20 μm and 45 μm. This distance would allow the sufficient vibration amplitude to enable the cantilevers to be used as micro-generators. Measurements of Young Modulus of the cantilevers and of polarization hysteresis loop are reported.

Complex Impedance Matching for Power Improvement of a Circular Piezoelectric Energy Harvester

2011 ◽  
Vol 148-149 ◽  
pp. 169-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Yan Wang ◽  
Xiao Biao Shan ◽  
Tao Xie
Keyword(s):  
Output Power ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Impedance Matching ◽  
Maximum Output Power ◽  
Complex Impedance ◽  
Complex Conjugate ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Matching Load

The impedance matching and the optimization of power from a circular piezoelectric energy harvester with a central-attached mass are studied. A finite element model is constructed to analyze the electrical equivalent impedance of the circular piezoelectric energy harvester. Furthermore, the complex conjugate matching load is used to extract the maximum output power of the energy harvester. The power output from complex conjugate matching load is compared with the power output from the resistive matching load and a constant resistance, separately. The results suggest that the complex conjugate matching can result in a significant increase of the output power for all frequencies. The effective bandwidth of the piezoelectric energy harvester is extended significantly.

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