scholarly journals STAT3 methylation in white blood cells as a novel sensitive biomarker for the toxic effect of low-dose benzene exposure

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 800-807 ◽  
Author(s):  
Di Liu ◽  
Yujiao Chen ◽  
Pengling Sun ◽  
Wenlin Bai ◽  
Ai Gao
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Toxic Effect ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Benzene Exposure

A cross-sectional study was conducted in a sample of 571 workers to explore the toxic effect and early sensitive biomarker of the health effects of low-dose benzene exposure (LDBE), as well as the correlation between DNA methylation and the toxic effect of LDBE.

Associations between white blood cells count and obesity in apparently healthy young adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 1013-1019
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Ghannadiasl
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Purpose The elevated white blood cells (WBCs) count has been reported to be a predictor of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, hypertension and metabolic syndrome. This study aims to determine the associations between WBCs count and obesity in apparently healthy young adults. Design/methodology/approach In this cross-sectional study, the authors evaluated the body mass index (BMI) in 392 apparently healthy young adults of both sexes. The WBCs count was measured using standard counter techniques. The inclusion criteria were the agreement to participate in the study, between 18 and 25 years of age, lack of self-reported diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, kidney and infectious diseases. Findings According to the BMI classification, underweight and overweight or obesity were observed in 14.58 and 11.48 per cent of young adults, respectively. The mean WBC was 6.5 ± 1.5 (×10³ cells/µL). Higher values of WBCs were found in women than in men (p = 0.02). The young adults with higher BMI had a higher WBCs count. There was a positive correlation between WBCs count and weight and BMI (r = 0.19 and r = 0.22, p < 0.001, respectively). Research limitations/implications This research was a cross-sectional study. Future studies are suggested using longitudinal studies to examine more relationships between obesity and WBCs count in apparently healthy young adults. Practical implications The results of this study provide evidence for weight management in this age group to reduce diseases associated with increased WBCs count. Originality/value The WBCs count was related to increasing levels of BMI per cent 2 C even in the normal range.

scholarly journals High level of hemoglobin, white blood cells and obesity among Sudanese women in early pregnancy: a cross-sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. FSO182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelmageed Elmugabil ◽  
Duria A Rayis ◽  
Renda E Abdelmageed ◽  
Ishag Adam ◽  
Gasim I Gasim
Keyword(s):  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Level

scholarly journals Variation of Urine Parameters among Diabetic Patients: A Cross- Sectional Study

1970 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Molla Abebe ◽  
Tiruneh Adane ◽  
Kassa Kefyalew ◽  
Tesfahun Munduno ◽  
Alebachew Fasil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Diabetic Kidney Disease ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diabetic Kidney

BACKGROUND: Diabetic kidney disease is a common and severe microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). There are limited data regarding alteration of urine parameters other than proteinuria among DM patients.METHODS: Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted from February to May 2017 to assess alteration of urine parameters among DM patients at the University of Gondar Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. A Systematic random sampling technique was used to recruit adult (≥18 years) diabetic participants. Data were collected after ethical requirements had been fulfilled. The degree of association between variables was evaluated through bivariable and multivariable logistic regression models.RESULTS: The majority (69.4%) of the study participants were type 2 DM patients. The prevalence of altered urine chemical parameters was 11.3% proteinuria, 4.5% ketonuria, 13.6% hematuria, 53.8% glucosuria, 24.9% leukocyturia and 1.7% positive for nitrite. Diastolic blood pressure and poor glycemic control were significantly associated with proteinuria. Male participants were 2.4 times more likely to have leukocyturia than female participants. The prevalence of abnormally increased microscopic findings was red blood cells 3.1%, white blood cells 12.5%, epithelial cells 27.5%, yeast cells 1.7%, bacteria 17.8%, casts 3.7% and crystals 29.2%.CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of altered urine parameters among DM patients is found to be considerable. These increased prevalences of altered urine parameters are potential indicators for diabetic kidney disease. 

scholarly journals SAT0078 SAFETY OF LOW DOSE METHOTREXATE (MTX) IN HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS (HIV) INFECTION

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 974.2-974
Author(s):  
A. Gunay ◽  
A. Davidson ◽  
I. Colmegna ◽  
D. Lacaille ◽  
H. Loewen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Quality ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

Background:Increased awareness of the efficacy of MTX in rheumatic disease is leading to more MTX use in patients from HIV endemic areas. While HIV related immunosuppression may contribute to improvement of some rheumatic diseases, immune reconstitution from highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) may lead to exacerbation or presentation of autoimmune disorders for which MTX therapy may be warranted. Most management guidelines for rheumatic disease do not address MTX use in the context of HIV.Objectives:To systematically review the published literature on the safety of using MTX ≤30 mg per week in HIV.Methods:We searched CINAHL, Embase, Global, MEDLINE and World of Science databases (Jan 1990 to May 2018) for terms including ‘methotrexate’ and ‘human immunodeficiency virus’. We also searched citations from review articles. Titles, abstracts or full manuscripts were screened independently by 2 reviewers to identify studies reporting HIV in patients taking MTX. Study quality was assessed using the McGill Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT). Data was extracted on MTX and HIV adverse events (MTX toxicity, HIV viral load, CD4 count). Descriptive summaries are presented for studies providing outcomes in patients taking MTX ≤30 mg per week.Results:After removing duplicates and studies not meeting criteria or not providing sufficient information, 42 of the 2714 identified reports were included (1 clinical trial, 2 cohort, 1 cross-sectional study, 38 case reports/case series). Most reports (81%) originated from USA or Europe. Study quality was generally good with most studies fulfilling 50-100% of MMAT criteria. The randomized controlled trial (USA) assessing MTX on atherosclerotic disease in HIV showed that adverse events were more common in MTX versus placebo (12.8% vs 5.6%, p non-inferiority <0.05) and included infection, transient CD4 and CD8 drop, pulmonary toxicity, and death (1 attributed to MTX/HIV, 1 unrelated). One cohort study (South Africa) reported 43 RA patients on MTX who acquired HIV. In this cohort, RA generally improved despite only 5 individuals continuing MTX. No data on MTX adverse event rates was reported. One cohort study (USA) reported 13 HIV patients with myositis. One received MTX (with other immunosuppression) without MTX adverse effects but died due to AIDS. A cross-sectional study (France) of 43 HIV pts with autoimmune disease reported one patient on MTX (and other immunosuppression) developed an adverse event (cytopenia) compared to 5/33 patients not on MTX (cytopenia). The 38 case reports/series described 54 individuals with HIV receiving MTX. Of these studies, 27 (describing 42 subjects) reported on MTX adverse events and 35 (describing 46 subjects) reported on HIV adverse events. MTX adverse events developed in 29 subjects (hematologic 13, renal/hepatic 1, opportunistic infections 10, other events 2). HIV adverse events were noted in 23 subjects (Kaposi’s sarcoma 4, CD4 decrease 16, HIV viral titer increase 4). Five deaths were reported (2 infection, 1 infection and wasting, 2 HIV related deaths). Most subjects also received corticosteroids or other immunosuppressants including biologics.Conclusion:There remains limited data on the safety of low dose MTX in HIV. Surveillance for HIV is warranted for individuals on MTX who are at risk for acquiring HIV. Caution and careful monitoring for MTX toxicity, opportunistic infections and HIV state is suggested if MTX is used in the setting of HIV particularly if combined with other immunosuppression.References:[1] Clin Infectious Disease 2019:68[2] J Rheumatology 2014:41[3] Arthritis and Rheumatism 2003:49[4] Medicine 2017:96Acknowledgments :Funding from International League Against RheumatismMcGill University Global Health Scholar AwardsDisclosure of Interests:Alize Gunay: None declared, Anna Davidson: None declared, Ines Colmegna: None declared, Diane Lacaille: None declared, Hal Loewen: None declared, Michele Meltzer: None declared, Yewondwossen Mengistu: None declared, Rosie Scuccimarri: None declared, Zenebe Yirsaw: None declared, Sasha Bernatsky: None declared, Carol Hitchon Grant/research support from: UCB Canada; Pfizer Canada

The situation of antibiotic use for diarrhea treatment on pediatric inpatient at Pediatrics - Kien Giang General Hospital in 2019-2020

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-24
Author(s):  
Nhon Tran Van ◽  
Mai Do Van ◽  
Hien Ha Minh
Keyword(s):  
General Hospital ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Antibiotic Prescription ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Loose Stool ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Watery Stool ◽  
Pediatric Inpatient

Background: To survey for evaluation the use of antibiotic for diarrhea treatment on pediatric inpatient in compliance with MOH, WHO or treatment regimen. Objectives: (1) To describe the situation of antibiotic use for diarrhea treatment and (2) to determine factors that affected on indication of antibiotic for pediatric inpatient under 15 years at Kien Giang General Hospital in 2019. Subjects and methods: A cross-sectional study on 251 medical records of pediatric inpatients who treated by one of any drug from 01/2019 to 12/2019. Results: one antibiotic was prescribed in 71.7% in comparison with 17.1% on two antibiotics. The antibiotic prescription was based on the results of blood test including examinations of white blood cells (WBC), the percentage of neutrophils (Neu%) and/or C-reactive protein (CRP) (59.4%), stool with white blood cells and/or red blood cells (1.6%), high fever without causes (27.9%), watery stool (86.3%), loose stool with blood (100%), loose stool (97.9%). The most used antibiotics are ceftriaxone (53.4%), ciprofloxacin (12.4%). Duration of antibiotic use is 5 days in median. Conclusion: The rate of antibiotic prescription that met MOH and WHO guidelines was 88.3% in comparison with 11.7% of non-conformance. The compliance prescriptions based on antibiogram were 77.8%, non-compliance were 22.5%. The compliance dosage refered to guideline was 86.4%, non-conpliance was 2.4%. The duration of hospitalization and neutrophil are factors that affected the use of antibiotics (p < 0.05). Keywords: diarrhea, pediatric inpatient, antibiotic, Pediatrics-Kien Giang General Hospital

scholarly journals Stone Clearance by Computed Tomography after Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (228) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chitaranjan Shah ◽  
Robin Bahadur Basnet ◽  
Arvind Shah ◽  
Prakash Chhettri ◽  
Anup Chapagain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Residual Stone ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Stone Clearance ◽  
Low Dose Computed Tomography ◽  
Residual Fragments

Introduction: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy has the highest stone free rate among other procedures with relatively higher complication rate. Post-operative imaging after stone surgeries has not been uniform. This study was done to study about the stone clearance by computed tomography after percutaneous nephrolithotomy. Methods: The descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Urology, Bir Hospital for six months duration. The patients undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy and those with intra-operative fluoroscopic clearance were evaluated with a low dose computed tomography after 48 hours to assess residual fragments its size and location. Patient’s demographics, stone characteristics and complications were compared between the stone free and with residual stone patients. Results: Out of 72 percutaneous nephrolithotomy performed, 40 patients were included in the study. Low dose computed tomography kidney, ureter and bladder after 48 hours of surgery detected residual fragments in 11 (27.5%) patients. The RFs size of <4mm were found in 7 (63.63%) of cases whereas RFs of >4mm were found in 4 (36.36%). The stone size was 352.47 ± 97.47 mm2 and 254.79 ± 172.68mm2 in group with residual fragments and stone free group respectively. Conclusions: Low dose computed tomography kidney, ureter and bladder done for assessment of stone clearance after 48 hours of percutaneous nephrolithomy detected residual in around one fourth of patients, however majority of them had residual fragments <4mm. Intra-operative fluoroscopic clearance may over estimate stone clearance after percutaneous nephrolithomy as about one third of patients still may have residual fragments of >4mm size.

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