Low-toxicity carbon quantum dots derived from gentamicin sulfate to combat antibiotic resistance and eradicate mature biofilms

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (15) ◽  
pp. 2316-2319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peili Li ◽  
Shuai Liu ◽  
Weiwei Cao ◽  
Gaoke Zhang ◽  
Xu Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Carbon Quantum Dots ◽  
Gentamicin Sulfate ◽  
Low Toxicity

Carbon quantum dots derived from gentamicin sulfate show low drug resistance, eradication of mature Staphylococcus aureus biofilm and low toxicity to mammalian cells.

Platinum ions mediate the interactions between DNA and carbon quantum dots: diagnosis of MRSA infections

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (16) ◽  
pp. 3506-3512
Author(s):  
Han-Wei Li ◽  
Ju-Yi Mao ◽  
Chia-Wen Lien ◽  
Chu-Kuei Wang ◽  
Jui-Yang Lai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Fluorescence Quenching ◽  
Carbon Quantum Dots ◽  
Isothermal Amplification ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Specific Identification

The isothermal amplification products of mecA and femA genes induce the fluorescence quenching of platinum ions-capped carbon quantum dots to allow the specific identification of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

scholarly journals Multi-drug resistance traits of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and other Staphylococcal species from clinical and environmental sources

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 930-943 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adegboyega O. Oladipo ◽  
Oluwatosin G. Oladipo ◽  
Cornelius C. Bezuidenhout
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Hospital Effluent ◽  
Resistance Traits

Abstract Multi-drug resistance traits of Staphylococcus species especially methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in the clinical settings are well established. Of environmental concern is hospital effluents discharging into wastewaters. This article investigated the prevalence and detection of antibiotic resistance genes in Staphylococcus species from clinical and environmental sources in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Standard culture-based and molecular protocols were used. Seventy-six (27 clinical, 14 hospital effluent and 35 environmental) Staphylococcus isolates were recovered: 56.58% were coagulase-negative and 43.42% coagulase-positive (S. aureus). For the clinical isolates, 10, 6, 4, 4 and 1 were isolated from urine, skin, wounds, blood and pus, respectively. Isolates were resistant to methicillin and amoxycillin (91.7%), cloxacillin (88.0%), ciprofloxacin (84.0%), ofloxacin (83.3%), azithromycin (78.0%), ceftazidime (76.0%), gentamycin (75.0%), cefuroxime (75.0%) and erythromycin (72.0%). Nearly, all isolates (90.8%) had multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index >0.2. Overall MAR indices for Staphylococcus species isolated from the clinical, hospital effluent and environmental wastewaters were relatively similar (0.482; 0.500; 0.435). mecA, nuc and luk-pvl genes were detected in S. aureus, while mecA was detected in S. arlettae, S. sciuri, S. cohnii, S. epidermidis and S. saprophyticus. This study informs on the potential contamination of environmental waters downstream from hospitals and possible impacts that this could have on human and animal health.

scholarly journals Carbon Quantum Dots for Biomedical Applications: Review and Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nayab Azam ◽  
Murtaza Najabat Ali ◽  
Tooba Javaid Khan
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Carbon Quantum Dots ◽  
Excitation Wavelength ◽  
Physiochemical Properties ◽  
Electrochemical Biosensing ◽  
New Type ◽  
Low Toxicity

Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) are a new type of nano-carbons that are currently favored over semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) because of their solubility, low toxicity, eco-friendliness, and cheap and facile synthesis giving desired optical characteristics. Moreover, their physiochemical properties can be controlled by their synthetic route. CQDs can emit fluorescence in the range from the UV to the near-infrared (NIR) region, making them suitable for biomedical applications. Fluorescence in these nano-carbon atoms can be tuned by varying the excitation wavelength. As of now, CQDs have been used in various applications such as in bioimaging, biosensing, electrochemical biosensing, drug delivery, gene delivery, photodynamic therapy in the treatment of cancers, pharmaceutical formulations, and treating inflammation. This article highlights the current progress and advancement of CQDs with focus on their synthetic routes, chemical and optical properties, and biomedical applications along with new perceptions in this interesting and promising field.

Carbon quantum dots directly generated from electrochemical oxidation of graphite electrodes in alkaline alcohols and the applications for specific ferric ion detection and cell imaging

The Analyst ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 141 (9) ◽  
pp. 2657-2664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengli Liu ◽  
Yuanhong Xu ◽  
Fushuang Niu ◽  
J. Justin Gooding ◽  
Jingquan Liu
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Electrochemical Oxidation ◽  
Cell Imaging ◽  
Carbon Quantum Dots ◽  
Ferric Ion ◽  
Graphite Electrodes ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
Water Dispersibility ◽  
Ferric Ion Detection

Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) are attracting tremendous interest owing to their low toxicity, water dispersibility, biocompatibility, optical properties and wide applicability.

scholarly journals 5-Phenoxy Primaquine Analogs and the Tetraoxane Hybrid as Antimalarial Agents

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (13) ◽  
pp. 3991
Author(s):  
Somruedee Jansongsaeng ◽  
Nitipol Srimongkolpithak ◽  
Jutharat Pengon ◽  
Sumalee Kamchonwongpaisan ◽  
Tanatorn Khotavivattana
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Antimalarial Activity ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Hybrid Compound ◽  
Hybrid Strategy ◽  
Antimalarial Agents ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Rapid Emergence

The rapid emergence of drug resistance to the current antimalarial agents has led to the urgent need for the discovery of new and effective compounds. In this work, a series of 5-phenoxy primaquine analogs with 8-aminoquinoline core (7a–7h) was synthesized and investigated for their antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum. Most analogs showed improved blood antimalarial activity compared to the original primaquine. To further explore a drug hybrid strategy, a conjugate compound between tetraoxane and the representative 5-phenoxy-primaquine analog 7a was synthesized. In our work, the hybrid compound 12 exhibited almost a 30-fold increase in the blood antimalarial activity (IC50 = 0.38 ± 0.11 μM) compared to that of primaquine, with relatively low toxicity against mammalian cells (SI = 45.61). Furthermore, we found that these 5-phenoxy primaquine analogs and the hybrid exhibit significant heme polymerization inhibition, an activity similar to that of chloroquine, which could contribute to their improved antimalarial activity. The 5-phenoxy primaquine analogs and the tetraoxane hybrid could serve as promising candidates for the further development of antimalarial agents.

scholarly journals Deciphering pathogenicity and antibiotic resistance islands in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus genomes

Open Biology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 170094 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehul Jani ◽  
Soham Sengupta ◽  
Kelsey Hu ◽  
Rajeev K. Azad
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Genomic Islands ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Gene Clustering ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Modern Hospital

Staphylococcus aureus is a versatile pathogen that is capable of causing infections in both humans and animals. It can cause furuncles, septicaemia, pneumonia and endocarditis. Adaptation of S. aureus to the modern hospital environment has been facilitated, in part, by the horizontal acquisition of drug resistance genes, such as mecA gene that imparts resistance to methicillin. Horizontal acquisitions of islands of genes harbouring virulence and antibiotic resistance genes have made S. aureus resistant to commonly used antibiotics. To decipher genomic islands (GIs) in 22 hospital- and 9 community-associated methicillin-resistant S. aureus strains and classify a subset of GIs carrying virulence and resistance genes as pathogenicity and resistance islands respectively, we applied a host of methods for localizing genomic islands in prokaryotic genomes. Surprisingly, none of the frequently used GI prediction methods could perform well in delineating the resistance islands in the S. aureus genomes. Rather, a gene clustering procedure exploiting biases in codon usage for identifying horizontally transferred genes outperformed the current methods for GI detection, in particular in identifying the known islands in S. aureus including the SCC mec island that harbours the mecA resistance gene. The gene clustering approach also identified novel, as yet unreported islands, with many of these found to harbour virulence and/or resistance genes. These as yet unexplored islands may provide valuable information on the evolution of drug resistance in S. aureus .

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