Mass spectrometry based untargeted metabolomics for plant systems biology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Alvarez ◽  
Michael J. Naldrett
Keyword(s):  
Metabolite Identification ◽  
Untargeted Metabolomics ◽  
Plant Metabolites ◽  
Critical Stage ◽  
Computational Tools ◽  
Identification Rate ◽  
The Past ◽  
Current State ◽  
Plant Systems Biology ◽  
Made In

Untargeted metabolomics enables the identification of key changes to standard pathways, but also aids in revealing other important and possibly novel metabolites or pathways for further analysis. Much progress has been made in this field over the past decade and yet plant metabolomics seems to still be an emerging approach because of the high complexity of plant metabolites and the number one challenge of untargeted metabolomics, metabolite identification. This final and critical stage remains the focus of current research. The intention of this review is to give a brief current state of LC–MS based untargeted metabolomics approaches for plant specific samples and to review the emerging solutions in mass spectrometer hardware and computational tools that can help predict a compound's molecular structure to improve the identification rate.

scholarly journals Insight and psychosis: the next 30 years

2019 ◽  
Vol 217 (3) ◽  
pp. 521-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony S. David
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Development ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Involuntary Treatment ◽  
The Past ◽  
Current State ◽  
Decision Making Capacity ◽  
Cognitive Neurosciences ◽  
Clinical Associations ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Made In

Academic interest in the concept of insight in psychosis has increased markedly over the past 30 years, prompting this selective appraisal of the current state of the art. Considerable progress has been made in terms of measurement and confirming a number of clinical associations. More recently, the relationship between insight and involuntary treatment has been scrutinised more closely alongside the link between decision-making capacity and insight. Advances in the clinical and cognitive neurosciences have influenced conceptual development, particularly the field of ‘metacognition’. New therapies, including those that are psychologically and neurophysiologically based, are being tested as ways to enhance insight.

scholarly journals Bacterial Vivisection: How Fluorescence-Based Imaging Techniques Shed a Light on the Inner Workings of Bacteria

2020 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Cambré ◽  
Abram Aertsen
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Bacterial Cell ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
The Past ◽  
Current State ◽  
Architectural Features ◽  
Made In

SUMMARY The rise in fluorescence-based imaging techniques over the past 3 decades has improved the ability of researchers to scrutinize live cell biology at increased spatial and temporal resolution. In microbiology, these real-time vivisections structurally changed the view on the bacterial cell away from the “watery bag of enzymes” paradigm toward the perspective that these organisms are as complex as their eukaryotic counterparts. Capitalizing on the enormous potential of (time-lapse) fluorescence microscopy and the ever-extending pallet of corresponding probes, initial breakthroughs were made in unraveling the localization of proteins and monitoring real-time gene expression. However, later it became clear that the potential of this technique extends much further, paving the way for a focus-shift from observing single events within bacterial cells or populations to obtaining a more global picture at the intra- and intercellular level. In this review, we outline the current state of the art in fluorescence-based vivisection of bacteria and provide an overview of important case studies to exemplify how to use or combine different strategies to gain detailed information on the cell’s physiology. The manuscript therefore consists of two separate (but interconnected) parts that can be read and consulted individually. The first part focuses on the fluorescent probe pallet and provides a perspective on modern methodologies for microscopy using these tools. The second section of the review takes the reader on a tour through the bacterial cell from cytoplasm to outer shell, describing strategies and methods to highlight architectural features and overall dynamics within cells.

New developments in the theory and interpretation of X-ray spectra based on fast parallel calculations

2002 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Rehr ◽  
A. L. Ankudinov
Keyword(s):  
Ab Initio ◽  
Structural Biology ◽  
Significant Progress ◽  
Edge Structure ◽  
New Developments ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Past ◽  
Current State ◽  
X Ray Absorption ◽  
Made In

There has been dramatic progress over the past decade both in theory and inab initiocalculations of X-ray absorption fine structure. Significant progress has also been made in understanding X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES). This contribution briefly reviews the developments in this field leading up to the current state. One of the key advances has been the development of severalab initiocodes such asFEFF, which permit an interpretation of the spectra in terms of geometrical and electronic properties of a material. Despite this progress, XANES calculations have remained challenging both to compute and to interpret. However, recent advances based on parallel Lanczos multiple-scattering algorithms have led to speed increases of typically two orders of magnitude, making fast calculations practicable. Improvements in the interpretation of near-edge structure have also been made. It is suggested that these developments can be advantageous in structural biology,e.g.in post-genomics studies of metalloproteins.

Current state and future directions of neurochemical biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease

2007 ◽  
Vol 45 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniëlle de Jong ◽  
Berry P.H. Kremer ◽  
Marcel G.M. Olde Rikkert ◽  
Marcel M. Verbeek
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Amyloid Β ◽  
Amyloid Β Protein ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Current State ◽  
Β Protein ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers ◽  
Made In

AbstractIn this comprehensive review, we summarize the current state-of-the-art of neurochemical biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease. Predominantly, these biomarkers comprise cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers directly related to the pathophysiology of this disorder (such as amyloid β protein, tau protein). We particularly pay attention to the innovations in this area that have been made in technological aspects during the past 5 years (e.g., multiplex analysis of biomarkers, proteomics), to the discovery of novel, potential biomarkers (e.g., amyloid β oligomers, isoprostanes), and to the extension of this research towards identification of biomarkers in plasma.Clin Chem Lab Med 2007;45:1421–34.

Mathematical Modeling and NDT: A State of the Art

1989 ◽  
Vol 111 (4) ◽  
pp. 285-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Georgiou ◽  
M. Blakemore
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Nondestructive Testing ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The Past ◽  
Current State ◽  
Modeling Techniques ◽  
Made In

During the past decade or so there have been significant advances in the mathematical modeling of nondestructive testing (NDT) techniques. The current state of modeling is reviewed, with the aim of demonstrating the important role that it can play in improving and validating NDT techniques and procedures. This paper was presented at the 6th International Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering Symposium, (1987). Since that time, a number of advances have been made in mathematical modeling. A more recent review of mathematical modeling techniques, with additional references, is currently in preparation by the authors.

Visual Analytics: Building a Vibrant and Resilient National Science

2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 302-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pak Chung Wong ◽  
Jim Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Computer Science ◽  
Visual Analytics ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Comparison Analysis ◽  
The Past ◽  
Current State ◽  
National Science ◽  
Internet Penetration ◽  
Made In

Five years after the science of visual analytics was formally established, we attempt to use two different studies to assess the current state of the community and evaluate the progress the community has made in the past few years. The first study involves a comparison analysis of intellectual and scholastic accomplishments recently made by the visual analytics community with two other visualization communities. The second study aims to measure the degree of community reach and internet penetration of visual-analytics-related resources. This article describes our efforts to harvest the study data, conduct analysis and make interpretations based on parallel comparisons with five other established computer science areas.

The Oxford Handbook of Psycholinguistics

2007 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Neuroscience ◽  
Language Production ◽  
Computational Modelling ◽  
Human Memory ◽  
The Past ◽  
Interdisciplinary Field ◽  
Current State ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Made In

This book examines the young science of psycholinguistics, which attempts to uncover the mechanisms and representations underlying human language. This interdisciplinary field has seen massive developments over the past decade, with a broad expansion of the research base, and the incorporation of new experimental techniques such as brain imaging and computational modelling. The result is that real progress is being made in the understanding of the key components of language in the mind. This book brings together the views of seventy-five leading researchers to provide a review of the current state of the art in psycholinguistics. The contributors are eminent in a wide range of fields, including psychology, linguistics, human memory, cognitive neuroscience, bilingualism, genetics, development, and neuropsychology. Their contributions are organised into six themed sections, covering word recognition, the mental lexicon, comprehension and discourse, language production, language development, and perspectives on psycholinguistics.

State of Agricultural Finance in India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Srinivasan
Keyword(s):  
Financial Services ◽  
Terms Of Trade ◽  
Agricultural Credit ◽  
Agricultural Finance ◽  
The Past ◽  
Credit Insurance ◽  
Current State ◽  
Finance Policy ◽  
Blind Spots ◽  
Made In

Agricultural finance has come a long way in the past 15 years. After the concerted efforts of GOI, supported by RBI and NABARD, towards doubling of agricultural credit flow in 2004¬¬¬¬--2005, the growth in credit flow to the sector has been robust with an impressive CAGR of 18% between 2004--2005 and 2019--2020. While outreach increased, the Terms of Trade (Farmers and Non-farmers) has largely been on a declining trend, reflecting the underlying stressed conditions in farming. There is a challenge of inclusion, where small and marginal farmers continue to struggle for suitable and affordable credit products and access. This book summarizes the current state of agricultural finance in India, highlighting policy blind spots and grey areas. It documents the important advancements made in the agri-finance space in the last few years. The book covers various aspects of Agri-Finance Policy; institutional appetite and architecture for agriculture credit; formal financial services for enterprises in agriculture; agri-business, including FPOs; and innovations in credit, insurance, delivery mechanisms for agri-sector.

scholarly journals Prediction and Explanation in a Postmodern World

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joachim I. Krueger
Keyword(s):  
Historical Research ◽  
Causal Inferences ◽  
Narrative Psychology ◽  
Historical Case ◽  
Computational Tools ◽  
Causal Explanations ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Past ◽  
Theoretical Predictions ◽  
Made In

The experimental research paradigm lies at the core of empirical psychology. New data analytical and computational tools continually enrich its methodological arsenal, while the paradigm’s mission remains the testing of theoretical predictions and causal explanations. Predictions regarding experimental results necessarily point to the future. Once the data are collected, the causal inferences refer to a hypothesis now lying in the past. The experimental paradigm is not designed to permit strong inferences about particular incidents that occurred before predictions were made. In contrast, historical research and scholarship in other humanities focus on this backward direction of inference. The disconnect between forward-looking experimental psychology and backward-looking historical (i.e., narrative) psychology is a challenge in the postmodern era, which can be addressed. To illustrate this possibility, I discuss three historical case studies in light of theory and research in contemporary psychology.

Muhammad Nejatullah Siddiqui. Issues in Islamic Banking: Selected Papers, Leicester: The Islamic Foundation. 1983 , I 52pp.Author and Subject Indexes.

1983 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-61
Author(s):  
Shahrukh Rafi Khan
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Model ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Profit Sharing ◽  
Islamic Banking ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Made In

The book under review is a compilation of the author's articles and lectures that highlight the prominent developments in the literature on the subject of Islamic banking and inform the reader of the current state of debate on it. One of the earliest and main contributors to this topic is the author himself. The focus of this review will mainly be on "Economics of Profit-Sharing", which is the title of the fourth chapter of the book and is among his latest contributions. This chapter is a significant contribution as it is the first attempt to formalise the concept of profit sharing into an analytical model and, therefore, demands closer scrutiny. However, in the remaining chapters of the book, the author has drawn attention to some of the fine points made in the literature on this topic. Since some of these points appear to be controversial to me, I will briefly discuss them before moving on to the analytical chapter of the book.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document