Therapy Talk

2004 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret M. Leahy

Therapeutic discourse is the talk-in-interaction that represents the social practice between clinician and client. This article invites speech-language pathologists to apply their knowledge of language to analyzing therapy talk and to learn how talking practices shape clinical roles and identities. A range of qualitative research approaches, including ethnography of communication, conversation analysis, and frame theory, provides a background for the case presentation of a 13-year-old girl who stutters. Asymmetry is a feature of the therapeutic discourse presented, with evidence of recognition of the client’s communicative competence emerging. Applications of analyzing therapy talk are discussed, illustrating the relevance of this approach for clinicians.

Author(s):  
Luiz Gonçalves Junior ◽  
Mauricio Mendes Belmonte

ResumoO objetivo central deste artigo foi identificar e compreender os processos educativos decorrentes de uma sistematização de experiência com a prática social fútbol callejero na parceria dos projetos “Vivências em Atividades Diversificadas de Lazer” e “Mais que Futebol”. Alicerçados na perspectiva qualitativa de pesquisa e observando princípios da sistematização de experiência, realizamos nossa participação e registro das observações em quinze diários de campo junto aos/as participantes da citada parceria, realizando, posteriormente, a análise de dados inspirada na fenomenologia em interface com a analética. Consideramos que a metodologia do fútbol callejero, conforme desenvolvida na parceria dos projetos, contribuiu para a fruição do processo educativo da alteridade.Palavras-chave: Processos Educativos. Fútbol Callejero. Alteridade. Epistemologias do Sul.Fútbol callejero: hoping alterityAbstractThe central objective of this article was to identify and understand the educational processes resulting from a systematization of experience with the social practice fútbol callejero in partnership with the projects “Experiences in Diversified Leisure Activities” and “More than Football”. Based on the qualitative research perspective and observing principles of systematization of experience, we carried out our participation and record the observations in fifteen field diaries with the participants of the aforementioned partnership, subsequently carrying out data analysis inspired by phenomenology in interface with the analectic. We believe that the fútbol callejero methodology, as developed in the partnership of the projects, contributed to the development of the educational process of alterity.Keywords: Educational Process. Fútbol Callejero. Alterity. Epistemologies of the South.Fútbol callejero: esperanzando alteridadResumenEl objetivo central de este artículo fue identificar y comprender los procesos educativos resultantes de una sistematización de la experiencia con la práctica del fútbol callejero en la acción conjunta de los proyectos: “Vivencias en Actividades Diversificadas de Ocio” y “Más que Fútbol”. Con base en la perspectiva de la investigación cualitativa y observando principios de sistematización de la experiencia, llevamos a cabo nuestra participación y registramos las observaciones en quince diarios de campo con los participantes de la mencionada acción conjunta, realizando posteriormente análisis de datos inspirados en la fenomenología en interfaz con la analectica. Consideramos que la metodología de lo fútbol callejero, desarrollada en la alianza de los proyectos, contribuyó a la fruición del proceso educativo de la alteridad.Palabras clave: Procesos Educativos. Fútbol Callejero. Alteridad. Epistemologías del Sur.


2017 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariel Vázquez Carranza

The present investigation explores the language definitions (i. e. the language ontologies) that have emerged in the field of sociolinguistics. In general, it examines three types of sociolin-guistic studies: Labovian sociolinguistics (Labov 1972), the Ethnography of Communication (Gumperz/Hymes 1964) and Conversation Analysis (Sacks 1992). Firstly, it offers an account on the ontology of language developed by Chomskyian linguistics (1986) which is used as a starting point to contrast the three sociolinguistics’ language ontologies. Then, the paper pre-sents Labov’s ontology of language (Labov 1977), the criticism that it has faced and examines proposals that aim to integrate social facts and linguistic structure. With regard to the Ethnog-raphy of Communication, accounts about its ontology of language (Hymes 1974, 1986) and its ontology of culture (Sapir 1921; Hymes 1972) are presented and a possible explanation about the relationship between language and culture is offered. With respect to Conversation Analysis, its ontology of language is presented (Ochs et al. 1996) as well as its analytic in-sight and an account about grammar as an interactional resource is given. The final section proposes that, for these three types of sociolinguistics, “language” is a social, functional and behavioural entity which is socially and behaviourally structured. “Language” transmits social meanings, reflects the social order and expresses the identity of its speakers.


Author(s):  
Deborah Schiffrin

Si bien el análisis del discurso es cada vez más popular y más importante como área de estudio, sigue siendo un campo vasto y, de alguna manera, vago. La meta del libro en su conjunto es clarificar las diversas teorías y métodos del análisis del discurso, de modo que pueda seguir abordando una amplia gama de problemáticas y fenómenos de interés multidisciplinario, pero de una manera más sistemática y coherente. El análisis del discurso es importante no sólo en sí mismo, sino también por lo que aporta a nuestro conocimiento de la lengua, la sociedad y la cultura. El eje del libro es la descripción, aplicación y comparación detallada de seis diferentes enfoques de discurso: la teoría de los actos de habla, la sociolingüística interaccional, la etnografía de la comunicación, la pragmática, el análisis conversacional y el análisis variacionista. Si bien estos enfoques se han originado en diferentes disciplinas, todos ellos buscan responder las mismas preguntas: ¿Cómo organizamos la lengua en unidades que rebasan el límite de la oración? ¿Cómo usamos la lengua para transmitir información sobre el mundo, sobre nosotros mismos y sobre nuestras relaciones sociales? En la primera parte del libro la autora proporciona una visión panorámica de los diferentes enfoques, esbozando, asimismo, el plan general del libro. En el capítulo que nos ocupa, discute específicamente las dificultades que surgen al definir el discurso; dificultades, por cierto, que tienen que ver con la vigencia de dos paradigmas al interior de la lingüística.AbstractWhile discourse analysis is becoming increasingly popular and a more important study area, it still remains a vast and somewhat vague field. The goal of this book is to clarify the theories and methods of discourse analysis, so that it can continue to address a wide range of problems and phenomena of multidisciplinary interest, but in a more systematic and coherent way. Discourse analysis is important not only on its own, but also for what it contributes to our knowledge of language, society, and culture. The core of the book is the description, application, and detailed comparison of six different approaches to discourse analysis: speech act theory, interactional sociolinguistics, ethnography of communication, pragmatics, conversation analysis, and analysis of variance. Whilst these approaches have originated in different disciplines, they all seek to answer some of the same questions: How do we organize language into units that are larger than sentences? How do we use language to convey information about the world, ourselves, and our social relationships? In the first part of the book, the author provides an overview of the different approaches, also outlining the plan of the book. The chapter we are concerned about discusses difficulties in defining discourse; difficulties that are related to the validity of two different paradigms within linguistics.Recibido: 25 de agosto de 2010 Aceptado: 24 de noviembre de 2010


2020 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 160940691989592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Webb ◽  
Val Williams ◽  
Marina Gall ◽  
Sandra Dowling

It is increasingly recognized that people living with dementia should be included in qualitative research that foregrounds their voices, but traditional research approaches can leave less room for flexibility than is necessary. This article builds on others who have examined the challenges and rewards of the qualitative research process with people living with dementia. With reference to a specific project on communication and dementia, the research design adaptations needed at each step to turn a “misfit” into a “fit” are examined. Misfitting, as a concept related to social practice theories, is used to argue the need for a coproduced and flexible approach to research design and data collection. Recommendations include being willing to adapt research methods, data collection locations, and aims of the project to fit participants’ competencies, preferences, and realities; spending sufficient time getting to get to know staff and potential participants to build relationships; working round care practices and routines to minimize disruption; and using observational/visual methods can help include people living with dementia at each stage. People with dementia require researchers in the field to be creative in their methods, reflexive in their approach, and person-centered in their goals. Those adaptations can fundamentally change the ways in which the social practice of research is shaped.


2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-35
Author(s):  
Agus Prasetya

This article is motivated by the fact that the existence of the Street Vendor (PKL) profession is a manifestation of the difficulty of work and the lack of jobs. The scarcity of employment due to the consideration of the number of jobs with unbalanced workforce, economically this has an impact on the number of street vendors (PKL) exploding ... The purpose of being a street vendor is, as a livelihood, making a living, looking for a bite of rice for family, because of the lack of employment, this caused the number of traders to increase. The scarcity of jobs, causes informal sector migration job seekers to create an independent spirit, entrepreneurship, entrepreneurship, with capital, managed by traders who are true populist economic actors. The problems in street vendors are: (1) how to organize, regulate, empower street vendors in the cities (2) how to foster, educate street vendors, and (3) how to help, find capital for street vendors (4) ) how to describe grief as a Five-Foot Trader. This paper aims to find a solution to the problem of street vendors, so that cases of conflict, cases of disputes, clashes of street vendors with Satpol PP can be avoided. For this reason, the following solutions must be sought: (1) understanding the causes of the explosions of street vendors (2) understanding the problems of street vendors. (3) what is the solution to solving street vendors in big cities. (4) describe Street Vendors as actors of the people's economy. This article is qualitative research, the social paradigm is the definition of social, the method of retrieving observational data, in-depth interviews, documentation. Data analysis uses Interactive Miles and Huberman theory, with stages, Collection Data, Display Data, Data Reduction and Vervying or conclusions.


Koneksi ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 338
Author(s):  
Faiz Zulia Maharany ◽  
Ahmad Junaidi

'Nightmare' is the title of a video clip belonging to a singer and singer called Halsey, in which the video clip is explained about the figure of women who struggle against patriarchal culture which has been a barrier wall for women to get their rights, welfare and the equality needed they get. This research uses descriptive qualitative research methods. Data collection techniques are done through documentation, observation and study of literature. Then, analyzed using Charles Sanders Peirce's semiotics technique. The results of this study show the fact that signs, symbols or messages representing feminism in the video, 'Nightmare' clips are presented through scenes that present women's actions in opposing domination over men and sarcastic sentences contained in the lyrics of the song to discuss with patriarchy. Youtube as one of the social media platforms where the 'Nightmare' video clip is uploaded is very effective for mass communication and for conveying the message contained in the video clip to the viewing public.‘Nightmare’ adalah judul video klip milik musisi sekaligus penyanyi yang bernama Halsey, dimana pada Video klipnya tersebut menceritakan tentang figur perempuan-perempuan yang berusaha melawan budaya patriarki yang selama ini telah menjadi dinding penghalang bagi perempuan untuk mendapatkan hak-haknya, keadilan dan kesetaraan yang seharusnya mereka dapatkan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui dokumentasi, observasi dan studi kepustakaan. Kemudian, dianalisis menggunakan teknik semiotika milik Charles Sanders Peirce. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa terdapat tanda-tanda, simbol atau pesan yang merepresentasikan feminisme di dalam video klip ‘Nightmare’ yang dihadirkan melalui adegan-adegan yang menyajikan aksi perempuan dalam menolak dominasi atas laki-laki dan kalimat-kalimat sarkas yang terkandung dalam lirik lagunya untuk ditujukan kepada patriarki. Youtube sebagai salah satu platform media sosial dimana video klip ‘Nightmare’ diunggah sangat efektif untuk melakukan komunikasi massa dan untuk menyampaikan pesan yang terkandung di dalam video klip tersebut kepada masyarakat yang menonton.


Author(s):  
Beth Hatt

The legacy of the social construction of race, class, and gender within the social construction of smartness and identity in US schools are synthesized utilizing meta-ethnography. The study examines ethnographies of smartness and identity while also exploring what meta-ethnography has to offer for qualitative research. The analyses demonstrate that race, class, and gender are key factors in how student identities of ability or smartness are constructed within schools. The meta-ethnography reveals a better understanding of the daily, sociocultural processes in schools that contribute to the denial of competence to students across race, class, and gender. Major themes include epistemologies of schooling, learning as the production of identity, and teacher power in shaping student identities. The results are significant in that new insights are revealed into how gender, class, and racial identities develop within the daily practices of classrooms about notions of ability.


Author(s):  
Svend Brinkmann ◽  
Michael Hviid Jacobsen ◽  
Søren Kristiansen

Qualitative research does not represent a monolithic, agreed-on approach to research but is a vibrant and contested field with many contradictions and different perspectives. To respect the multivoicedness of qualitative research, this chapter will approach its history in the plural—as a variety of histories. The chapter will work polyvocally and focus on six histories of qualitative research, which are sometimes overlapping, sometimes in conflict, and sometimes even incommensurable. They can be considered articulations of different discourses about the history of the field, which compete for researchers’ attention. The six histories are: (a) the conceptual history of qualitative research, (b) the internal history of qualitative research, (c) the marginalizing history of qualitative research, (d) the repressed history of qualitative research, (e) the social history of qualitative research, and (f) the technological history of qualitative research.


Author(s):  
Stefan Schröder

This chapter addresses secular humanism in Europe and the way it is “lived” by and within its major institutions and organizations. It examines how national and international secular humanist bodies founded after World War II took up, cultivated, and transformed free-religious, free-thought, ethical, atheist, and rationalist roots from nineteenth century Europe and adjusted them to changing social, cultural, and political environments. Giving examples from some selected national contexts, the development of a nonreligious Humanism in Europe exemplifies what Wohlrab-Sahr and Burchardt call “Multiple Secularities”: different local or national trajectories produced a variety of cultures of secularity and, thus, different understandings of secular humanism. Apart from this cultural historization, the chapter reconstructs two transnational, ideal types of secular humanism, the social practice type, and the secularist pressure group type. These types share similar worldviews and values, but have to be distinguished in terms of organizational forms, practices, and especially policy.


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