scholarly journals An innovative technology of an athlete’s organism functional reserves increase based on bioacoustical stimulation of the respiratory system

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 00037
Author(s):  
Sergey Dragan ◽  
Alexey Bogomolov ◽  
Sergei Razinkin ◽  
Igor Berzin ◽  
Gennady Erofeev
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Sound Wave ◽  
Sound Pressure ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
Tonal Signal ◽  
Functional Reserves ◽  
Level Of Sound Pressure ◽  
Stimulation Of

In order to increase an athlete’s organism functional reserves we created the innovative technology based on low-frequency vibrations influence on respiratory system. First we measured acoustic impedance of an athlete’s organism for three phases of respiration at polyharmonic acoustic signal within the range of frequency from 3 Hz to 51 Hz. After that during 2 weeks we organized six sessions of bioacoustical stimulation among the group of 20 athletes, divided into subgroups with an effective (130 dB) and placebo (60 dB) effect. It was stated that six-fold effect of a scanning tonal signal with the level of sound pressure 130 dB within the range 22-36 Hz led to resonance frequency of respiratory system increase, respiratory system sound vibrations imbibitio coefficient decrease and its resistance to sound wave increase because of reserve alveoli opening and the increase of area of cross section of alveolar ways and respiratory bronchial tubes.

scholarly journals A Technology for Increasing the Functional Reserves of the Body Based on Bioacoustic Stimulation of the Respiratory System

Biomeditsina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 39-47
Author(s):  
S. P. Dragan ◽  
S. M. Razinkin ◽  
G. G. Erofeev
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory System ◽  
Sound Pressure Level ◽  
Sound Pressure ◽  
Pressure Level ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Breath Hold ◽  
Exposure Group ◽  
Functional Reserves ◽  
Stimulation Of

A technology based on the effect of low-frequency vibrations on the respiratory system is a promising approach to increasing the functional reserves of the human body. To implement such a technology, it is necessary to justify the optimal modes of bioacoustic stimulation of the respiratory system. Therefore, the aim of the study was a theoretical and experimental justification of the technology to increase the functional reserves of the body based on bioacoustic stimulation of the respiratory system. Acoustic impedance was measured on a polyharmonic sound signal in the frequency range from 3 Hz to 51 Hz with a step of 3 Hz in all three phases of respiration: a full breath with a breath hold, a deep breath with a breath hold and free nasal surface breathing without a delay. After determining the resonant frequencies of the respiratory tract for two weeks, six sessions of bioacoustic stimulation were conducted on a group of 20 testers, including placebo exposure. In the exposure group, the sound pressure level was 130 dB, and in the control group - 60 dB, which is below the audibility threshold at these frequencies. Six-fold exposure to a scanning tone signal with a sound pressure level of 130 dB led to an increase in the resonant frequency of the respiratory system, a decrease in the absorption coefficient of sound vibrations by the respiratory system, and an increase in the resistance of the respiratory system to the sound wave. These effects can be explained by the fact that, as a result of exposure, reserve alveoli were discovered and the cross-sectional area of the alveolar passages and respiratory bronchioles increased. An analysis of the results of experiments in both groups in the dynamics of six stimulation sessions suggests that their values for the control group of testers practically did not change at all periods of observation. At the same time, similar indicators in the exposure group have a significant difference from the background values. It was shown that, in order to increase the functional reserves of the body, two bioacoustic stimulation treatments can be sufficient.

scholarly journals The Use of Bioacoustic Stimulation of the Respiratory System in Complex Medical Rehabilitation at a Health Resort Facility for Patients who have had COVID-associated Pneumonia

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (B) ◽  
pp. 1607-1614
Author(s):  
Mikhail Bragin ◽  
Evgeny Goloborodko ◽  
Gennady Erofeev ◽  
Sergey Razinkin ◽  
Alexey Vladimirovich Sukhinin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory System ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Stress Disorders ◽  
Medical Rehabilitation ◽  
Psychological Status ◽  
Health Resort ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Rehabilitation Measures ◽  
Stimulation Of

BACKGROUND: In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, the relevance of rehabilitation measures for patients with COVID-associated pneumonia has increased. AIM: The study aimed to review the effect of bioacoustic stimulation of the respiratory system (BSRS) with high-intensity low-frequency sounds on the dynamics of functional indicators of the respiratory system and the cardiovascular system, as well as indicators of psychoemotional and somatic states, the severity of post-traumatic stress disorders (PTSD) and cognitive capabilities in patients who have had COVID-associated pneumonia in the process of their medical rehabilitation at a health resort immediately after treatment of the disease in a hospital. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The randomized controlled open parallel prospective clinical study involved 28 patients undergoing medical rehabilitation after suffering moderate to severe COVID-19 complicated by community-acquired bilateral polysegmental pneumonia (COVID-associated pneumonia) of moderate to severe severity. Spirometry, pulse oximetry, compression oscillometry, bioelectrography, Mississippi Scale (civil version), and cognitive speed test were used to assess the functional parameters of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems, as well as indicators of psychoemotional and somatic states, the intensity of PTSD and cognitive abilities of patients before and after the course of rehabilitation measures. RESULTS: According to significant differences in changes in the indexes of external respiration, cardiac activity, psychological status, and the intensity of PTSD in patients of the main and control groups before and after a course of rehabilitation measures, it has been reliably established that the use of BSRS as a part of a complex of rehabilitation measures significantly increases the effectiveness of medical rehabilitation at a health resort for patients after COVID-associated pneumonia. CONCLUSION: The possibility and feasibility of using medical technology of BSRS with high-intensity low-frequency sound in complex medical rehabilitation of patients after COVID-associated pneumonia at the health resort stage have been scientifically substantiated.

Real Ear Sound Pressure Levels Developed by Three Portable Stereo System Earphones

1992 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 52-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gail L. MacLean ◽  
Andrew Stuart ◽  
Robert Stenstrom
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Sound Pressure ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Test System ◽  
Output Frequency ◽  
Frequency Effects ◽  
Adult Men ◽  
Frequency Responses ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Sound Pressure Levels

Differences in real ear sound pressure levels (SPLs) with three portable stereo system (PSS) earphones (supraaural [Sony Model MDR-44], semiaural [Sony Model MDR-A15L], and insert [Sony Model MDR-E225]) were investigated. Twelve adult men served as subjects. Frequency response, high frequency average (HFA) output, peak output, peak output frequency, and overall RMS output for each PSS earphone were obtained with a probe tube microphone system (Fonix 6500 Hearing Aid Test System). Results indicated a significant difference in mean RMS outputs with nonsignificant differences in mean HFA outputs, peak outputs, and peak output frequencies among PSS earphones. Differences in mean overall RMS outputs were attributed to differences in low-frequency effects that were observed among the frequency responses of the three PSS earphones. It is suggested that one cannot assume equivalent real ear SPLs, with equivalent inputs, among different styles of PSS earphones.

scholarly journals Deep Brain Stimulation of the Posterior Insula in Chronic Pain: A Theoretical Framework

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 639
Author(s):  
David Bergeron ◽  
Sami Obaid ◽  
Marie-Pierre Fournier-Gosselin ◽  
Alain Bouthillier ◽  
Dang Khoa Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Deep Brain Stimulation ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Brain Lesion ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Posterior Insula ◽  
Deep Brain ◽  
Stimulation Of

Introduction: To date, clinical trials of deep brain stimulation (DBS) for refractory chronic pain have yielded unsatisfying results. Recent evidence suggests that the posterior insula may represent a promising DBS target for this indication. Methods: We present a narrative review highlighting the theoretical basis of posterior insula DBS in patients with chronic pain. Results: Neuroanatomical studies identified the posterior insula as an important cortical relay center for pain and interoception. Intracranial neuronal recordings showed that the earliest response to painful laser stimulation occurs in the posterior insula. The posterior insula is one of the only regions in the brain whose low-frequency electrical stimulation can elicit painful sensations. Most chronic pain syndromes, such as fibromyalgia, had abnormal functional connectivity of the posterior insula on functional imaging. Finally, preliminary results indicated that high-frequency electrical stimulation of the posterior insula can acutely increase pain thresholds. Conclusion: In light of the converging evidence from neuroanatomical, brain lesion, neuroimaging, and intracranial recording and stimulation as well as non-invasive stimulation studies, it appears that the insula is a critical hub for central integration and processing of painful stimuli, whose high-frequency electrical stimulation has the potential to relieve patients from the sensory and affective burden of chronic pain.

Aerodynamic noise from an asymmetric airfoil with perforated extension plates at the trailing edge

2020 ◽  
pp. 1475472X2097838
Author(s):  
CK Sumesh ◽  
TJS Jothi
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Sound Pressure ◽  
Pore Diameter ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Aerodynamic Noise ◽  
Frequency Noise ◽  
Low Frequency Noise ◽  
Trailing Edge ◽  
High Frequency Noise ◽  
Displacement Thickness

This paper investigates the noise emissions from NACA 6412 asymmetric airfoil with different perforated extension plates at the trailing edge. The length of the extension plate is 10 mm, and the pore diameters ( D) considered for the study are in the range of 0.689 to 1.665 mm. The experiments are carried out in the flow velocity ( U∞) range of 20 to 45 m/s, and geometric angles of attack ( αg) values of −10° to +10°. Perforated extensions have an overwhelming response in reducing the low frequency noise (<1.5 kHz), and a reduction of up to 6 dB is observed with an increase in the pore diameter. Contrastingly, the higher frequency noise (>4 kHz) is observed to increase with an increase in the pore diameter. The dominant reduction in the low frequency noise for perforated model airfoils is within the Strouhal number (based on the displacement thickness) of 0.11. The overall sound pressure levels of perforated model airfoils are observed to reduce by a maximum of 2 dB compared to the base airfoil. Finally, by varying the geometric angle of attack from −10° to +10°, the lower frequency noise is seen to increase, while the high frequency noise is observed to decrease.

Induction of long-term potentiation without participation of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors in kitten visual cortex

1991 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Komatsu ◽  
S. Nakajima ◽  
K. Toyama
Keyword(s):  
Nmda Receptors ◽  
Stimulus Frequency ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Nmda Antagonist ◽  
Long Term Potentiation ◽  
Conditioning Stimulation ◽  
Postsynaptic Potential ◽  
Term Potentiation ◽  
Stimulation Of

1. Intracellular recording was made from layer II-III cells in slice preparations of kitten (30-40 days old) visual cortex. Low-frequency (0.1 Hz) stimulation of white matter (WM) usually evoked an excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) followed by an inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP). The postsynaptic potentials (PSPs) showed strong dependence on stimulus frequency. Early component of EPSP and IPSP evoked by weak stimulation both decreased monotonically at frequencies greater than 0.5-1 Hz. Strong stimulation similarly depressed the early EPSP at higher frequencies (greater than 2 Hz) and replaced the IPSP with a late EPSP, which had a maximum amplitude in the stimulus frequency range of 2-5 Hz. 2. Very weak WM stimulation sometimes evoked EPSPs in isolation from IPSPs. The falling phase of the EPSP revealed voltage dependence characteristic to the responses mediated by N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors and was depressed by application of an NMDA antagonist DL-2-amino-5-phosphonovalerate (APV), whereas the rising phase of the EPSP was insensitive to APV. 3. The early EPSPs followed by IPSPs were insensitive to APV but were replaced with a slow depolarizing potential by application of a non-NMDA antagonist 6,7-dinitro-quinoxaline-2,3-dione (DNQX), indicating that the early EPSP is mediated by non-NMDA receptors. The slow depolarization was mediated by NMDA receptors because it was depressed by membrane hyperpolarization or addition of APV. 4. The late EPSP evoked by higher-frequency stimulation was abolished by APV, indicating that it is mediated by NMDA receptors, which are located either on the recorded cell or on presynaptic cells to the recorded cells. 5. Long-term potentiation (LTP) of EPSPs was examined in cells perfused with solutions containing 1 microM bicuculline methiodide (BIM), a gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) antagonist. WM was stimulated at 2 Hz for 15 min as a conditioning stimulus to induce LTP, and the resultant changes were tested by low-frequency (0.1 Hz) stimulation of WM. 6. LTP of early EPSPs occurred in more than one-half of the cells (8/13) after strong conditioning stimulation. The rising slope of the EPSP was increased 1.6 times on average. 7. To test involvement of NMDA receptors in the induction of LTP in the early EPSP, the effect of conditioning stimulation was studied in a solution containing 100 microM APV, which was sufficient to block completely synaptic transmission mediated by NMDA receptors. LTP occurred in the same frequency and magnitude as in control solution.

Effects of low-frequency stimulation of the superior colliculus on spontaneous and visually guided saccades

1993 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 953-964 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. W. Glimcher ◽  
D. L. Sparks
Keyword(s):  
Superior Colliculus ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Arbitrary Point ◽  
Visually Guided ◽  
Spontaneous Movements ◽  
Low Frequency Stimulation ◽  
Frequency Stimulation ◽  
Stimulation Current ◽  
Stimulation Of

1. The first experiment of this study determined the effects of low-frequency stimulation of the monkey superior colliculus on spontaneous saccades in the dark. Stimulation trains, subthreshold for eliciting short-latency fixed-vector saccades, were highly effective at biasing the metrics (direction and amplitude) of spontaneous movements. During low-frequency stimulation, the distribution of saccade metrics was biased toward the direction and amplitude of movements induced by suprathreshold stimulation of the same collicular location. 2. Low-frequency stimulation biased the distribution of saccade metrics but did not initiate movements. The distribution of intervals between stimulation onset and the onset of the next saccade did not differ significantly from the distribution of intervals between an arbitrary point in time and the onset of the next saccade under unstimulated conditions. 3. Results of our second experiment indicate that low-frequency stimulation also influenced the metrics of visually guided saccades. The magnitude of the stimulation-induced bias increased as stimulation current or frequency was increased. 4. The time course of these effects was analyzed by terminating stimulation immediately before, during, or after visually guided saccades. Stimulation trains terminated at the onset of a movement were as effective as stimulation trains that continued throughout the movement. No effects were observed if stimulation ended 40–60 ms before the movement began. 5. These results show that low-frequency collicular stimulation can influence the direction and amplitude of spontaneous or visually guided saccades without initiating a movement. These data are compatible with the hypothesis that the collicular activity responsible for specifying the horizontal and vertical amplitude of a saccade differs from the type of collicular activity that initiates a saccade.

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