scholarly journals Effect of rhizosphere microorganisms on the adaptation of regenerated plants of apple clonal rootstocks to ex vitro conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 04003
Author(s):  
Veronika Bobkova ◽  
Tatiana Anokhina ◽  
Igor Bjadovskiy ◽  
Sergey Konovalov
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Bacterial Population ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Biometric Parameters ◽  
Rhizosphere Microorganisms ◽  
Regenerated Plants ◽  
Bacterial Preparations ◽  
Regenerant Plants

In a vegetation experiment, the effect of bacterial preparations Extrasol, Fitosporin-M based on bacterial strains Bacillus subtilis and bacteria strains of the genus Pseudomonas – P. chlororaphis OV17, P. protegens 38a, P. putida О9-10 on the number of rhizosphere microorganisms, growth and development of regenerant plants of apple clone rootstocks in ex vitro conditions was studied. After 90 days of growing plants, the greatest number was found in the P. protegens 38a strain – 0.56 million CFU/g roots. Artificial inoculation of the roots of regenerant plants contributed to a significant increase in the total number of native microorganisms as compared to the control. The most diverse bacterial population in terms of cultural and morphological characteristics was revealed in the variant with the treatment of plants with the P. putida O9-10 strain. The introduced bacterial strains contributed to an increase in the adaptive capacity and had a phytostimulating effect on the development of plants. The plant survival rate in the process of adaptation to ex vitro conditions is most influenced by the P. putida 09-10 strain compared to the control. The bacterial preparation Fitosporin-M contributes to the improvement of biometric parameters of plant growth.

Long-term in vitro Storage Technique of Valuable Birch Genotypes and Plant Production on its Basis

2019 ◽  
pp. 57-67
Author(s):  
T.M. Tabatskaya ◽  
N.I. Vnukova
Keyword(s):  
Plant Production ◽  
High Survival ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Regenerative Capacity ◽  
In Vitro Storage ◽  
Interspecific Differences ◽  
Regenerated Plants ◽  
Growing Conditions

A technique for the long-term (up to 27 years) in vitro storage of valuable birch genotypes under normal (25 °C, 2.0 klx, 16-h day and 8-h night) and low temperature (4 °C, 0.5 klx, 6-h day and 18-h night) growing conditions on hormone-free media has been described. The study explored for the first time the influence of different strategies to store the clones of Betula pubescens and B. pendula var. сarelica (6 genotypes) on the regenerative capacity of collection samples, adaptive potential of regenerated plants and plant production by the in vitro and ex vitro techniques. It was established that both storage strategies provided a persistently high survival rate (82-100%) and regenerative capacity of in vitro shoots (the multiplication coefficient of 4.2-6.3 and rhizogenic activity of 90-100%). The clones retained their characteristics of height growth under the in vitro and ex vitro conditions, and demonstrated intraclonal homogeneity and lack of signs of somaclonal variability. The plants showed substantial interspecific differences at the stage of multiplication and transfer to the greenhouse. The highest percentage of acclimated plants (75-98% depending on the clone genotype) was obtained after planting of micro plants straight in the greenhouse, which simplified the technology and made plant production less costly. long-term in vitro storage, birch, species, genotype, micropropagation, ex vitro adaptation, plant material

scholarly journals A tunable multicellular timer in bacterial consortia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Toscano-Ochoa ◽  
Jordi Garcia-Ojalvo
Keyword(s):  
Collective Behavior ◽  
Bacterial Population ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Intracellular Space ◽  
Bacterial Consortia ◽  
Robust Implementation ◽  
Time Encoding ◽  
Stationary Conditions ◽  
Molecular Components

Processing time-dependent information requires cells to quantify the durations of past regulatory events and program the time span of future signals. Such timer mechanisms are difficult to implement at the level of single cells, however, due to saturation in molecular components and stochasticity in the limited intracellular space. Multicellular implementations, on the other hand, outsource some of the components of information-processing circuits to the extracellular space, and thereby might escape those constraints. Here we develop a theoretical framework, based on a trilinear coordinate representation, to study the collective behavior of a three-strain bacterial population under stationary conditions. This framework reveals that distributing different processes (in our case the production, detection and degradation of a time-encoding signal) across distinct bacterial strains enables the robust implementation of a multicellular timer. Our analysis also shows the circuit to be easily tunable by varying the relative frequencies of the bacterial strains composing the consortium.

scholarly journals Diazotrophic bacteria in the growth of micropropagated ornamental pineapple

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-278
Author(s):  
Adriano Bortolotti Silva ◽  
Ligiane Aparecida Florentino ◽  
Dalvana De Sousa Pereira ◽  
Paulo Roberto Correa Landgraf ◽  
Ana Carolina Rodrigues Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
In Vitro Cultivation ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Diazotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

Ornamental pineapple is a hardy plant with significant landscaping value. Tissue culture of plants is viable for producing plants with a high phytosanitary quality. However, one of the difficulties with this cultivar is the acclimatization process, which is slow and can cause losses. The objective of the present study was to verify the potential of inoculation with diazotrophic bacteria for in vitro and ex vivo growth of ornamental pineapple. A group of diazotrophic bacterial strains selected at the Universidade José do Rosário Vellano (UNIFENAS) was prioritized in this study, and the treatments included bacterial strains UNIFENAS (100-13, 100-60, 100-68, 100-153, 100-167 and 100-198). These strains were evaluated in terms of their capacity to produce indole 3-acetic acid. Subsequently, plants were cultivated in a medium composed of MS medium salts (1/4), adding 1 mL of the bacterial strain. In the control treatment, the plants were maintained in 2 mL of MS medium. 7 days after inoculation, the plants were transplanted into the MS, where they were maintained for 30 days. After in vitro cultivation, the plants were transferred to pots containing commercial Plantmax® substrate and maintained under these conditions for 60 days. The diazotrophic bacteria were able to synthesize auxins, and their inoculation promoted greater growth in vitro and ex vitro in the plants. In the acclimatization phase, the plants inoculated with UNIFENAS strains (100-60, 100-68 and 100-153) promoted a higher shoot growth, chlorophyll content and nitrate reductase enzyme activity.

scholarly journals In Vitro And Ex Vitro Propagation Of A Wild-Extinct Fern Lygodium Circinnatum (Burn.F) Sw. Grown In Bali

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 131
Author(s):  
Rindang Dwiyani
Keyword(s):  
Wild Species ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Foliar Fertilizer ◽  
Full Strength

Research concerning of propagation of a wild-extinct fern Lygodium circinnatum had been done at Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University, Denpasar Bali Indonesia. At some places in Indonesia, as well as Bali, this species is used as materials for making handicraft. In Bali, the species grows wildly in the forest and it is almost extinct due to over gathering. This study aimed to find out method for domestication of L. circinnatum, therefore this wild species can be cultivated, provided materials for making handicraft and might solve the problem of extinction. Various media for growing spores of L. circinnatum in vitro and ex vitro were trialed. In conclusion, full strength of MS media without sugar was the most appropriate media for growth and development of spores of L. circinnatum in vitro. While for ex vitro, the appropriate media were paddy silt-soil and decomposed leaf either with or without addition of foliar fertilizer. However, we suggested ex-vitro cultivation was more appropriate, the technique was much easier and the spores grew faster compared to those of in-vitro.

scholarly journals Characterization, Phylogenetic Analyses, and Pathogenicity of Enterobacter cloacae on Rice Seedlings in Heilongjiang Province, China

Plant Disease ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 104 (6) ◽  
pp. 1601-1609
Author(s):  
Peng Cao ◽  
Chenxu Li ◽  
Kefei Tan ◽  
Chuanzeng Liu ◽  
Xi Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Enterobacter Cloacae ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Bacterial Disease ◽  
Heilongjiang Province ◽  
Rice Seedlings ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Gene Sequences

Rice is used as a staple food in different areas of world, especially in China. In recent years, rice seedlings have been affected seriously by symptoms resembling bacterial palea browning (BPB) in Heilongjiang Province. To isolate and identify the pathogenic bacteria responsible for the disease, 40 bacterial strains were isolated from diseased rice seedlings collected from the four major accumulative-temperature zones of rice fields cultivated in Heilongjiang Province, and these were identified as 13 species based on morphological characteristics and 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequences. Inoculation of all the isolates on healthy rice seedlings showed that the nine Enterobacter cloacae isolates were the pathogens causing typical symptoms of BPB, including yellowing to pale browning, stunting, withering, drying, and death. Moreover, the nine E. cloacae isolates could also cause symptoms of bacterial disease on the seedlings of soybean (Glycine max), maize (Zea mays L.), and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences and phenotypic and biochemical characteristics indicated that these nine pathogenic isolates were E. cloacae. In addition, analysis of the sequences of four housekeeping genes (rpoB, gyrB, infB, and atpD) from the selected strain SD4L also assigned the strain to E. cloacae. Therefore, E. cloacae is the pathogen causing disease of rice seedlings in Heilongjiang Province, which we propose to classify as a form of BPB. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to identify E. cloacae as a causal agent of BPB in rice.

Plant-endophyte synergism in constructed wetlands enhances the remediation of tannery effluent

2018 ◽  
Vol 77 (5) ◽  
pp. 1262-1270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sobia Ashraf ◽  
Muhammad Afzal ◽  
Khadeeja Rehman ◽  
Muhammad Naveed ◽  
Zahir Ahmad Zahir
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Bacterial Population ◽  
Ecological Engineering ◽  
Tannery Effluent ◽  
Inorganic Contaminants ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Severe Damage ◽  
Similar Reduction ◽  
Combined Action ◽  
Brachiaria Mutica

Abstract Liquid effluent produced from tanning industries is loaded with organic and inorganic contaminants, particularly heavy metals, which may cause severe damage to the ecosystem. Constructed wetland (CW) is a promising product of the research in the field of ecological engineering which helps to overcome aquatic pollution. This investigation aims to develop a plant–endophyte synergism in CW for the efficient remediation of tannery effluent. In a vertical flow CW, Brachiaria mutica was vegetated and augmented with three endophytic bacterial strains. Results showed a reduction of 82% in COD, 94% in BOD5, and 95% in Cr by plant–endophyte synergism in CWs and it was significantly higher than the use of plants alone. Similarly, nutrients (N and P), lipids, ion content, SO42−, and Cl− showed similar reduction by the combined action of endophytes and B. mutica in CWs. The endophytes inoculation enhanced bacterial population in different compartments of the plants vegetated in CWs and the maximum was observed in the roots. This study revealed that plant–endophyte synergism in CWs can enhance the remediation of industrial wastewater.

scholarly journals Study on the metabolites of DH-e, a Halomonas marine bacterium, against three toxic dinoflagellate species

2018 ◽  
Vol 78 (7) ◽  
pp. 1535-1544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Di Wang ◽  
Liling Xie ◽  
Xingbiao Zhu ◽  
Xiao Bi ◽  
Yuzhong Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Harmful Algal Blooms ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Alexandrium Tamarense ◽  
Algicidal Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
16S Rdna Sequence ◽  
Algicidal Bacterium ◽  
16S Rdna Sequence Analysis ◽  
Acetone Peroxide

Abstract Algicidal bacteria play an important role in mitigating harmful algal blooms (HABs). In the study, five bacterial strains were isolated from the East China Sea. One strain of algicidal bacterium, named DH-e, was found to selectively inhibit the motor ability of Prorocentrum donghaiense, Alexandrium tamarense (ATDH-47) and Karenia mikimotoi Hansen. Both 16S rDNA sequence analysis and morphological characteristics revealed that the algicidal DH-e bacterium belonged to Halomonas. Furthermore, results showed that the metabolites in the DH-e cell-free filtrate could kill algae directly, and the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the bacterial metabolites on the cells of the three dinoflagellate species ranged from 35.0–70.0 μg/mL. Following short-term inhibitory tests, the dinoflagellates in mixed crude extract solution (0.7 mg/mL) ceased movement after 5 min. The algicidal mechanism of the metabolites was investigated through enzyme activities, including that of catalase (CAT), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), acetone peroxide (T-ATP) synthetase and nitrite reductase (NR). Results indicated that metabolites did not disrupt the energy or nutrient routes of the algae (P > 0.05), but did initiate an increase in free radicals in the algal cells, which might explain the subsequent death of sensitive algae. Thus, the metabolites of the DH-e bacterium showed promising potential for controlling HABs.

Screening and identification of pectinolytic bacteria for ramie degumming

2020 ◽  
pp. 004051752096828
Author(s):  
Lifeng Cheng ◽  
Shengwen Duan ◽  
Xiangyuan Feng ◽  
Ke Zheng ◽  
Qi Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Enrichment Culture ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Ramie Fiber ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Microbial Resources ◽  
Screening And Identification ◽  
Gum Content ◽  
Molecular Biology Method

To explore high-quality microbial resources with the capability of ramie degumming, we collected soil samples from rotten ramie and straw heaps. After enrichment culture by ramie raw materials, bacterial strains with the potential ramie-degumming function were screened using a pectin-hydrolysis plate. Dominant bacteria were identified by combining colonial morphological characteristics with the molecular biology method, and their ramie-degumming effects were verified through comprehensive biological degumming indices. Results demonstrated that Bacillus aryabhattai, Bacillus thuringiensis, Lysinibacillus fusiformis, and Acidovorax temperans were successfully obtained. The highest pectinase activity, 98.2 U/mg, was found by A. temperans. B. thuringiensis showed the best ramie-degumming effect. The residual gum content, single-fiber linear density, and bundle-breaking strength of the degummed ramie fiber treated with B. thuringiensis were 8.32%, 6.80 dtex, and 7.84 cN/dtex, respectively. The residual gum content of the ramie fiber treated with B. thuringiensis met the textile requirement (<10%), and the values of all other indicators were also satisfactory. Therefore, B. thuringiensis was an excellent strain for ramie degumming, indicating potential industrial applications.

scholarly journals Preliminary results of in vitro culture of pea and lupin embryos for the reduction of generation cycles in single seed descent technique

2013 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Surma ◽  
Tadeusz Adamski ◽  
Wojciech Święcicki ◽  
Paweł Barzyk ◽  
Zygmunt Kaczmarek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Development ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Single Seed Descent ◽  
Yellow Lupin ◽  
Single Seed ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Regenerated Plants ◽  
Almost All

The aim of the studies was to establish in vitro conditions for the culture of pea and lupin embryos as the first step in the development of an in vitro assisted single seed descent technique for the attainment of homozygous populations. Materials for the study included of pea, and narrow-leafed and yellow lupin cultivars. Embryos dissected from mature but still-green seeds were cultured in vitro on two modified MS media and under three temperature regimes. Shoot and root lengths of regenerated plants were measured after 7, 14 and 21 days of culture. For pea plants full-strength MS medium with 4 g l<sup>−1</sup> agar and temperature 22/ 20°C (day/night) appeared to be the most conducive to shoot and root development, whereas for lupin plants lower temperatures were more propitious: 12°C in the dark for narrow-leafed lupin and 16/ 12°C (day/night) for yellow lupin. Almost all the cultured embryos developed into plants, but not all the regenerated plants survived acclimation to ex vitro conditions.

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