scholarly journals Breeding beef calves using different feeding technologies

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 00093
Author(s):  
Vladimir Trukhachev ◽  
Serhii Oliinyk ◽  
Vladimir Kozyr ◽  
Nikolay Zlydnev ◽  
Alexey Pokotilo
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Beef Calves ◽  
Feeding Technology ◽  
Stavropol Krai

The article presents the findings on the dynamics of the live weight of calves of various breeds in similar climatic conditions in arid regions of the Stavropol Krai of Russia and the steppe zone of Ukraine. It has been established that the live weight of calves of the Hereford, Kazakh white-headed and Kalmyk breeds when raised according to the traditional technology of beef cattle breeding when calves are sucked under cows up to 6-7 months of age, is in relationship with the milk qualities of mothers. At the same time, the live weight of the gray Ukrainian calves was interrelated regarding the live weight at birth and the feeding technology. A positive relationship was shown in the live weight of calves at birth and during their implementation at 15 and 18 months of age. Most effectively animals used pasture fodder in spring and summer. In an arid climate, it is more appropriate to breed specialized cattle belonging to the Hereford breed and then sell them for breeding in other farms in the region.

THE IMPORTANCE OF THE FAMILY FOR GENEALOGICAL STRUCTURE OF VOLYN BEEF OF CATTLE

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 82-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ye. Pochukalin
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Farm Families ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Reproductive Ability ◽  
The Family ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
Related Group ◽  
Economic Use

One of the ways of increasing level of animal economically useful traits is selection work with farm families. In pedigree cattle breeding of Ukraine families are a statistical component of breed genealogy. Among the main scientific works on working with families, it should be noted minimum number of female ancestors, proposed by D. T. Vinnichuk, to determine the breeding value, different categories, classification and techniques for evaluating related groups of females. The aim of our research was to analyse importance of farm families for genealogical structure of the breed. The research was on basis of data of primary breeding records at the herd of Volyn Beef cattle of “Zorya” breeding farm, Kovel district, Volyn region. Akula 102, Galka 37 and Galka 1537 families belonging to Krasavchyk 3004 bloodline, Smorodyna 613, Korona 2382 and Visla 1016 families – Tsebryk 3888 bloodline, Kalyna 212, Verba 1536 and Garna 536 families – Yamb 3066 bloodlines, Kazka 433, Galka 421 and Bystra 1124 families – Buinyi 3042 bloodline, Rozetka 1313, Arfa 599 and Bulana 943 families – Sonnyi-Kaktus 3307-9828 bloodline, and Palma 275, Desna 870 and Veselka 444 families – Mudryi 9100 bloodline were characterized. Belonging to a bloodline was determined by the father's side of female ancestors. Structural units of families: branches, branching with identifying the best individuals on breeding traits were submitted to identify the best combinations and successful use of closely related breeding. Comparing assessment of related groups of females on the main breeding traits belonging to Krasavchyk 3004 bloodline, it was noted that the cows of Akula 102 family predominated in live weight at 5 years’ age, milk ability and economic use duration, whereas the cows of Galka 1537 family – on traits of reproductive ability. Smorodyna 613 family of Tsebryk 3888 bloodline had high duration of economic use and cows’ live weight at 5 years’ age compared with Korana 2382 and Visla 1016 families with equal values of the exterior traits (height measures) and coefficient of reproductive ability. The families of Mudryi 9100 bloodline in terms of reproduction (calving interval, coefficient of reproductive ability) had the highest figures of cows’ milk ability and live weight. The cows of Bulana 943 family had a considerable predominance over representatives of Rozetka 1313 and Arfa 599 families of Sonnyi-Kaktus 3307-9828 bloodline by main economically useful traits. High indices of reproductive ability were noted in these families. Heifers of the families of Buinyi 3042 bloodline had high live weight at 18 months’ age at average values of milk ability and cows’ live weight at 5 years’ age. More equal figures of growth rate, exterior and economic use duration were observed in the cows of Kalyna 212, Verba 1536 and Garna 536 families of Yamb 3066 bloodline. Breeding by families in beef cattle breeding is an important element of selection, because it allows to evaluate not only related group of female ancestor, but also to analyse a successful combination with lines and purposeful use of closely related breeding by the best representatives of a breed.

scholarly journals Raising Hereford breed in the conditions of the Republic of Tuva

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 66-71
Author(s):  
B. M. Ludu ◽  
B. K. Kan-ool
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
Taiga Zone ◽  
Research Information ◽  
Peasant Farm ◽  
The Republic

The paper presents the results of the research into the condition, number and concentration of beef cattle of Hereford breed, adapted to the natural and climatic conditions of the East Siberian region. The methodological basis of the study was formed by the methods of systematization, logical and comparative statistical analysis. The research information was based on the official materials of the Ministry of Agriculture and Food of the Republic of Tuva on animal husbandry. Out of the total number of livestock in the region (180 748 heads), Herefords amount to 2869 heads. A comparative analysis of livestock in farms of different forms of ownership and different natural and climatic zones was carried out. The largest population of Herefords (48.94%) is concentrated in the central agricultural and livestock zone with forest-steppe and steppe subzones (by the number of animals Piy-Khem kozhuun ranks first, 19.1%). In the southern zone of dry steppes, there are 27.43% of Herefords (by the number of livestock in the Republic, Tes-Khem kozhuun ranks second, 14.7%). In the western mountain-steppe zone there are 23.63% of Herefords, the largest number is in Barun-Khemchik (7.4%) and in Bai-Taiginsky (7%) kozhuun. Specialized beef cattle have not been brought to the high-mountain Mongun-Taiginsky kozhuun of the western zone or to the eastern high-mountain taiga zone. According to the results of the analysis, taking into account the category of farms, 56.4% of Herefords are kept in peasant farm enterprises, 19.7% – in agricultural production cooperatives, 29.7% – in other agricultural enterprises. All farms practise year-round grazing. Differences in the number of Hereford cattle by districts depend on the capacities of farms and climatic breeding zones. The monitoring which was carried out will allow to determine the prospects for raising purebred cattle of a specialized type, taking into account the terrain and zone of the breeding work in the conditions of year-round grazing in the Republic of Tuva.

scholarly journals The effect of calf jackets on the health, performance, and skin temperature of dairy origin beef calves

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 316-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naomi H Rutherford ◽  
Alan W Gordon ◽  
Gareth Arnott ◽  
Francis O Lively
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Skin Temperature ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Beef Calves ◽  
Calf Health ◽  
Health Performance ◽  
Humidity Index

Abstract Variations and extremities in climatic conditions can result in cold stress for dairy calves during the preweaning period. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of calf jackets on the health, performance, and skin temperature of dairy-origin beef calves. This study took place in a designated calf rearing unit, spanned for a duration of 1 yr, and consisted of five batches of calves. Calves (30.9 ± 1.68 d of age; 55.9 ± 0.20 kg live weight) were assigned to one of four treatment groups on arrival at the rearing unit. Treatments consisted of control (no jacket), arrival (jacket for 2 wk postarrival), weight (jacket for a minimum of 2 wk and until 65 kg live weight), and wean (jacket until 5 d postweaning). Ambient conditions differed significantly (P < 0.001) during each of the five batches; batch 4 was the coldest with a mean ambient temperature of 6.16 °C. Significant differences were observed between the five batches for day 50 weight (P < 0.01) and disease incidence (P < 0.05). However, treatment had no significant effect on calf health or performance (P > 0.05) during any of the five batches. Skin temperature was significantly greater (P < 0.001) for calves wearing a jacket. Furthermore, there was a significant (P < 0.001) relationship between ambient temperature-humidity index and skin temperature for calves with and without a calf jacket. Therefore, although calf jackets had no benefit in terms of health or performance, they did act as a barrier to environmental conditions.

The prime-cost of production when rearing of young animals in dairy and beef cattle breeding

2021 ◽  
pp. 52-61
Author(s):  
V. I. Shevelev ◽  
S. N. Nikulina ◽  
I. N. Sheveleva ◽  
E. N. Kostomakhina
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Animal Protection ◽  
Prime Cost ◽  
Cost Of Production ◽  
Agricultural Organizations

In a market economy, the prime-cost of production is the most important indicator of the financial and economic activity of any economic entity. It is a cost estimate of all resources used in the production process of the industry: feed, animal protection products, materials, fuel, energy, fixed assets, labour, natural and other costs associated with its production and sale. The purpose of the work was to calculate the prime-cost of production when rearing of young animals in dairy and beef cattle breeding in the Kurgan region. The analysis has shown that according to the years of observations less than half of livestock products were produced in agricultural organizations of the region: meat – 36,3–38,6 %, milk – 29,3–30,6 %. Egg production in agricultural organizations was at the level of 13 %. The correct choice of objects of calculation and calculation units, as well as the use of special methodological recommendations for accounting production costs and calculating the prime-cost of products (works, services) in agricultural organizations allows us to more accurately determine the prime-cost in dairy and beef cattle breeding. Despite the great attention to the individual aspects of cost accounting and calculating the prime-cost of agricultural production, there is still a need and importance of a more detailed study and further improvement of accounting and calculation of meat and dairy cattle products. The prime-cost of the gain in the live weight of young cattle can be calculated by different methods, but at the same time the selected option must be fixed in the accounting policy of the organization.

The current state and prospects for the development of beef cattle breeding in the forest-steppe zone on the example of the Penza region

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-235
Author(s):  
Alexander A. Ivanov ◽  
◽  
Olga A. Stolyarova ◽  
Antonina V. Shatova ◽  
Yulia V. Reshetkina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Current State

scholarly journals Influence of types of constitution on meat productivity bullets of Simmental breed

2021 ◽  
Vol 273 ◽  
pp. 02024
Author(s):  
Anatoly Shevkhuzhev ◽  
Vladimir Pogodaev ◽  
Dagir Smakuev
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
High Growth Rate ◽  
Maximum Growth Rate ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Meat Productivity

The aim of the research was to establish quantitative and qualitative indicators of meat productivity of Simmental bull calves of various constitutional types when raised using the technology of beef cattle breeding. The maximum growth rate and the highest yield of meat products were obtained from Simmental bulls of the meat and dairy type when they were raised and fed according to the technology of beef cattle breeding. Receiving from the mothers for 205 days of the sucking period more fatty milk, they gave 1250 g of gain per day and reached 289.7 kg of live weight by the cut. Having retained a high growth rate in the future, they at the final fattening gave 1321 g of gain per day and at 20 months the live weight was 659.3 kg. The superiority of Simmentals over analogues was natural by 3.4–13.3% by weight of the steamed carcass, by 0.4–1.8% in slaughter yield, by 1.4–11.1 kg in terms of the amount of pulp in the carcass and pulp per bones by 0.1–0.3 kg, protein in meat by 0.12; 1.19; 2.59 kg and the amount of energy in the pulp by 0.14; 0.44; 1.75 MJ. Simmental bulls of the meat and dairy type also have a high ability to transform protein and feed energy into protein and energy from the pulp of the carcass.

scholarly journals PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF PRE-WEANED CALVES REARED IN THE PANTANAL

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Orcirio Fialho de Oliveira ◽  
Urbano Gomes Pinto de Abreu ◽  
Rodrigo da Costa Gomes ◽  
Ériklis Nogueira ◽  
Juliana Correa Borges Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Live Weight ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Early Weaning ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Beef Calves ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
Breeding Farms ◽  
Low Energy Diet

Abstract Early weaning (EW) has been adopted in cattle breeding farms in Pantanal as a strategy to increase the rate of pregnancy in cows. The primary income of these properties is the production of beef calves, and the price of these animals depends on their weight. Therefore, the calves subjected to EW should present weight similar to or higher than those of calves subjected to conventional weaning (CW). This study aimed to evaluate the productive performance of pure (Nellore) calves and crossbred (Nellore/Angus) calves reared in the Pantanal and subjected to either EW or CW. After EW, the calves were supplemented with concentrate at 1 kg/animal/day (low-energy diet) or 1% of live weight (high-energy diet). The weights adjusted to 300 days of age were higher for EW calves fed the high-energy diet (p<0.01) in both genetic groups. No significant differences were observed in the weight of EW animals fed the low-energy diet and CW animals (p>0.01), and animal weight was 241.17 and 236.27 kg in crossbred calves and 184.44 and 189.78 in Nellore calves, respectively. The EW adopted in this experimental model did not affect the productive performance of calves raised in the Pantanal.

scholarly journals Using factor analysis in beef cattle breeding

2019 ◽  
Vol 135 ◽  
pp. 01088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexey Zelenkov ◽  
Alexey Ermakov ◽  
Galina Zelenkova ◽  
Ivan Gorlov ◽  
Alexander Pakhomov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Hereford Cattle ◽  
Daily Gain

Studies of the structure of the interaction of signs with the help of factor analysis is based on the idea of the complex nature of the phenomenon being studied, expressed in the interdependence of individual signs, determined by “internal” hidden causes, forming the specifics of a property, quality. We used the factor analysis method to study the producers’ assessments of the quality of the offspring and to test their bullsons for their own productivity of the Kalmyk and Hereford cattle breeds. The analysis included material from the work of pedigree reproducers and plants in the Kalmyk and Hereford breeds of the Rostov Region. The total number of animals included in the treatment was 96 manufacturing bulls and 272 sons bulls. As a result of the studies, the proposed breeding indices on one basis are quite suitable for the preliminary selection of bullcalves in commodity farms or in pedigree farmers for breeding beef cattle. In order to get a final assessment, we compiled new breeding indices, including two (live weight at 8 and 15 months, live weight at 15 months and average daily gain from 8 to 15 months), as well as three characteristics (live weight in 8, 15 months and average daily gain). These signs are objective, easy to account. According to the estimates obtained for individual bull-sons, it is possible by summing up the values of new factors to identify the bulls’ assessment of the quality of the offspring. Analysis of assessment materials is characterized by high reliability (P > 0.999).

scholarly journals Climatic Optimum as a Factor of the Economic Crisis of Steppe Nomads in the 4th Century AD

2019 ◽  
pp. 47-57
Author(s):  
Mikhail Krivosheev ◽  
Aleksandr Borisov
Keyword(s):  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Livestock Grazing ◽  
Ecological Situation ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Agricultural Societies ◽  
Desert Steppes ◽  
Humid Period

Introduction. Archaeological sites of the 4th century AD absent on most of the area of the Late Sarmatian culture. This may be both due to the difficulties of their identification and absence of chronological indicators and due to migrations of nomads from the steppe zone. Perhaps unfavorable climatic conditions for nomadic cattle breeding affected the decrease in the number of nomadic population in the 4th century AD. Methods and materials. The paleosoil data allow reconstructing the ecological situation in dry and desert steppes in the first centuries AD. The initial stage of the Late Sarmatian era (the late 2nd – the early 3rd centuries AD) was marked by arid conditions with cold winters with little snow, which were favorable for cattle breeding in the steppe zone. In the late 3rd century and at the turn of the 3rd – 4th centuries, the processes of humidization began – an increase in climate humidity, which favorably affected the ecological situation in the steppe: high grass, area watering. Such situation provided successful livestock grazing in summer. However, in winter, an increase in humidity led to heavy snowfalls and snowstorms, an increase in snow cover, frequent winter thaws, rain, fog, that were replaced by periods of cooling. At this time, grass icing and ice crust formation occured. Analysis. In those conditions, the number of days, when cattle grazing was impossible, increased. As a consequence, there was weakening and disease of the livestock, until the complete loss of the herd. This was followed by the decrease of population. Results. The humidization processes primarily affected the Southern Urals and in the final of the 3rd century reached the Volga-Don steppes. This could be the reason for the outflow of the Late Sarmatian population from the Southern Urals to the Volga regions. In the 4th century AD, the steppes from the Urals to the Lower Don were practically depopulated. The beginning of the humid period, which was unfavorable for the nomadic economy, had a positive effect on settled agricultural societies. The Early Alanian culture of the Central Caucasus demonstrates the dynamics of active development throughout the Late Sarmatian period, including in the 4th c. AD. The duration of this humid period is difficult to estimate, however, in the Hun Epoch, steppes remained almost uninhabited, as evidenced by the small number of sites of this time.

BREEDING ACHIEVEMENT OF BEEF CATTLE-BREEDING OF UKRAINE: ZNAMENSK INTRABREED TYPE OF POLESSIAN BEEF BREED

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 94-108
Author(s):  
A. Ye. Pochukalin ◽  
Yu. M. Reznikova ◽  
S. V. Priyma ◽  
O. V. Rizun
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Gradual Increase ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Beef Breed ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Breeding Farms

The aim of our research was to conduct a retrospective analysis and to study the current state of the subjects breeding Znamensk intrabreed type of Polessian Beef breed and to assess main economically useful traits and genealogical structure. Material and methods. Research of productive and economic activity of breeding farms has been carried out based on the electronic database of State Register of Breeding Subjects in Livestock for 2003-2016. Analysis of the number of breeding animals, distribution of cows by age, animals’ live weight, milk (as a calf’s live weight at the age of 7 months) and reproductive abilities has been performed based on breeding account (form №7-myas) for 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016. Results of research. The most breeding farms meet the minimum requirements of the target standard of Znamensk intrabreed type on the main quantitative traits of animal productivity. "Kolos" АLLC, Kirovograd region and «Agrikor Holding" LLC, Chernihiv region were the most numerous. High realization of genetic potential of meat productivity (daily gain of live weight above 1000 g) was observed at animals in «Kolos» АLLC and «Sharivske» PE. There have been sold 222 head of the breeding youngsters for 13 years. The greatest number of animals was observed according to annual reports in 2012. It can be explained by the number of subjects conducting the selection and breeding work with the intrabreed type. The share of cows did not exceed 43.0% (2012), bull – 1.5% (2010), calves of different gender and age groups – 66.1% (2014). 85.5% of all the available breeding stock (5369 head) was approved and 67.8% corresponded to elite and elite-record classes. Live weight of the approved cows has increased by 7.5% at the age of 3 years, 9.7% at the age of 4 years and 11.1% at the age of 5 years since 2010. Differential for live weight of cows at the age of 4 and 5 years was 9 and 11 kg on the average. There was adequate number of animals, live weight of which was in a wide range, that is from 551 kg and above. So, such cows were 111 head in 2010 and 234 head in 2016. These cows realise genetic makings of high productivity sufficiently and they are material for selecting the best representatives of Znamensk intrabreed type. Gradual increase of milk ability was noted from 2010 till 2016 after the first calving by 13.7%, the second – 12.2, the third – 11.7, and by 11.9% on average. Differential for milk ability of cows was 5 kg (2010, 2012), 11 kg (2014) and 2 kg (2016) on average. Average calving interval of cows for the period are oscillatory in nature and didn’t exceed 420 days during 2010-2014. Gradual increase of age at first calving of heifers by 101 days was observed from 2010 to 2014 with reduction to 824 days for next two years. It should be noted violation of course of cows’ and heifers’ calvings, it was 29 and 36 cases in 2010 and 2012 respectively, whereas in subsequent periods, these values were significantly lower or non-existent. It may indicate a high level of veterinary services and compliance of technologies of feeding and management. Efficiency of beef cattle-breeding depends on the growing of calves. Analysis of the results shows that live weight of calves at the age of 210 days has increased in each investigational year. The values are oscillatory in nature between 8 and 15 months. Sexual dimorphism was confirmed and proven – bull-calves had higher growth rate compared to heifers. Significant reduction in the livestock number of the approved bloodlines and their absence in some cases (Radyst 113 and Darovanyi 400) was observed. This is due to the increased share of Polessian Beef and Charolais bulls used for reproduction. There were 139 cows, 27 heifers and 13 calves in group belonging to Polessian Beef and Charolais bloodlines in 2012, whereas in 2014, 281, 193 and 18 respectively, representing 81% of the total population. Conclusions. The research revealed that livestock of the type were concentrated in «Agrikor Holding» breeding farm, Pryluky district, Chernihiv region with a total of 922 head, including 348 cows. Productivity of animals by the valuation results at the beginning of 2016 (live weight, milk ability, reproduction) significantly increased. Current genealogical structure of Znamensk intrabreed type was represented by bulls belonging to Polessian Beef and Charolais bloodlines, share of which was 81%.

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