Use of hydrogen peroxide, citric acid and sodium hypochlorite as sanitizer for minimally processed table grapes

The objective of this study was to explore two local table grape cultivars, one is white and the other one red colored, as a minimally processed produce, and to identify the most effective sanitizers (hydrogen peroxide, citric acid or sodium hypochlorite) to control microbial growth. The table grape cultivars indigenous to Elazig province of Turkey ‘Agin Beyazi’ and ‘Agin Kirmizisi’ were tested in the present experiment. Grape clusters were washed by dipping in tap water as control, in citric acid (20 g/L), with sodium hypochlorite (50 mg/L), or with hydrogen peroxide (20 g/L), solutions for 1 minute. Grape berries were then placed into PET clamshells and kept at 4 °C for 10 days. The berries were subject to quality assessments during the storage, and to total aerobic microbial and fungal count at the end. Washing with hydrogen peroxide- or sodium hypochlorite-diluted water was very effective controlling both aerobic microbial and fungal growth. Citric acid treatment however represented no significant effect on microbial growth. It is concluded that both hydrogen peroxide and sodium hypochlorite are strong sanitizers for table grapes tested, with no detection of undesirable effects.

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Suitability of some mid-season table grape cultivars and types for minimally processed produce

OENO One ◽

10.20870/oeno-one.2008.42.2.820 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 42 (2) ◽

pp. 99

Author(s):

Muharrem Ergun ◽

Özden Akkaya ◽

Nazan Ergun

Keyword(s):

Storage Period ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Table Grape ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Minimally Processed ◽

Minimal Processing ◽

Table Grapes ◽

Berry Size ◽

Grape Cultivars

Aims: The objectives of this study were to evaluate whether some midseason table grape cultivars and types can be used as minimally processed produce and to investigate the negative effects of minimal processing on the quality of the table grapes.Methods and results: Changes in quality losses as defects, weight loss, soluble solids, titratable acidity and pH by minimally processed 13 cultivars and 4 types were recorded during a 10-day storage period at 4 °C. Browning on the stem end was the major defect followed by collapse on the stem end, decay both on the stem end and on the berry surface, and splitting on the berry surface. Big Perlon, Hatun Parmagi and Ribol among the cultivars/types were found be less prone to defects after minimal processing and storing at 4 °C.Conclusion: The defects or problems which minimally processed table grapes most likely to face are collapse, browning and decay on the stem end, and splitting and decay on the berry surface. The quality losses in Big Perlon, Hatun Parmagi and Ribol cultivars with a very large berry size were lower than other 14 cultivars/types after 10 days, suggesting that berry size is very important attribute for choosing table grape cultivars as minimally processed produce.Significance and impact of study: The study involving 13 cultivars and 4 types with different colored skin, berry sizes and types presents reliable information of suitability of the grapes for fresh-cut produce. Furthermore, the quality assessment used for this study provides a very detailed clarification what kind of problems minimally processed table grapes might face.

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Development and use of retrotransposons-based markers (IRAP/REMAP) to assess genetic divergence among table grape cultivars

Plant Genetic Resources ◽

10.1017/s1479262119000029 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

pp. 272-279 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Danuza Kelly Strioto ◽

Betty Cristiane Kuhn ◽

William Seiji Lemes Nagata ◽

Giovana Marinelli ◽

Sandra Aparecida Oliveira-Collet ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Molecular Marker ◽

Genetic Divergence ◽

Somatic Mutations ◽

Clonal Propagation ◽

Table Grape ◽

Table Grapes ◽

Inter Simple Sequence Repeats ◽

Simple Sequence ◽

Grape Cultivars ◽

New Cultivars

AbstractFor more than four decades after the introduction of cv. Italia (Vitis vinifera L.) in Brazil, several somatic mutations in the genome of cv. Italia and its somatic mutants gave rise to phenotypes which generated at least five new cultivars of fine table grapes. Since no molecular marker proved to be effective in discriminating cv. Italia (V. vinifera L.) and its coloured mutants (Rubi, Benitaka, Brasil, Black Star), primers for the long terminal repeat (LTR) sequences were developed to analyse Inter Retrotransposon Amplified Polymorphism (IRAP) and Retrotransposon-Microsatellite Amplified Polymorphism (REMAP), and investigate how the coloured cultivars derived from clonal propagations of somatic mutations are genetically structured. Primers for LTR sequences of IRAP and REMAP markers were edited from grape sequence databases available at a GenBank. Twenty-four primers, denominated DKS001–DKS024, were edited. Three hundred and forty-nine DNA segments were amplified by individual DKS primers and DKS/ISSR (Inter Simple Sequence Repeats) primer combinations, at an average of 13.96 amplicons per primer pair. High genetic divergence between the five cultivars was inferred from polymorphism in retrotransposons IRAP and REMAP. The analysis of polymorphism of IRAP and REMAP retrotransposons was crucial to show that clonal propagation of somatic mutations may lead towards the formation of genetically divergent cultivars by the formation of genetically structured vineyards and show the mixture of genomes within each cultivar.

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INFLUENCE OF HYDROGENCY ANAMIDE ON BUDBREAK OF TABLE GRAPE CULTIVARS IN SOUTHWEST ARIZONA

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.29.7.742b ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 29 (7) ◽

pp. 742b-742

Author(s):

Marvin D. Butler ◽

Robert E. Rush

Keyword(s):

Positive Influence ◽

Table Grape ◽

Thompson Seedless ◽

Early Application ◽

Early Maturity ◽

Hydrogen Cyanamide ◽

Table Grapes ◽

Application Rates ◽

Commercial Vineyard ◽

Grape Cultivars

Early maturity is of major importance to table grape producers in Arizona and the California desert. However, table grapes in this region often experience a delayed and erratic budbreak thought to be due to a lack of chilling. The influence of three rates of hydrogen cyanamide on budbreak timing and uniformity was evaluated at a commercial vineyard near Dateland, Ariz., during the 1984-85 season. Treatments were made to three table grape cultivars over three application dates. Additional research to evaluate possible interaction between time of pruning and application of hydrogen cyanamide was conducted during 1985-86. Of the three application rates evaluated, the 5% solution provided optimal results, inducing a greater total number of buds to break for perlette and flame seedless cultivars than nontreated plots. Early application resulted in a significantly earlier but extended budbreak; later applications were more dramatic and uniform. Budbreak was accelerated by 1 to 2 weeks for perlette, and up to 2 to 3 weeks for flame seedless and Thompson seedless cultivars. Hydrogen cyanamide applications also had a positive influence on earliness of blossom and percent soluble solutes at harvest. Pruning up to 11 days before or 14 days after application of hydrogen cyanamide generally did not have a significant effect on budbreak or maturity at harvest.

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Gibberellic Acid Application Timing Influences the Bud Viability and Fruitfulness of Seedless Table Grape Cultivars

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.31.4.598c ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

pp. 598c-598 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

N.K. Dokoozlian

Keyword(s):

Gibberellic Acid ◽

Table Grape ◽

Thompson Seedless ◽

Application Timing ◽

Table Grapes ◽

Grape Cultivars ◽

Berry Set

A study initiated in Spring 1995 examined the influence of gibberellic acid (GA3) application timing on the return fruitfulness of Thompson Seedless and Flame Seedless table grapes. Vines treated with GA3 at prebloom, bloom, or berry set were compared to vines treated at prebloom + bloom + berry set and nontreated vines. Application amounts for each cultivar and timing were based on commercial label recommendations. Nodes from each treatment were collected in mid-winter and dissected, and their viability and fruitfulness were recorded. Bud viability (shoots per bud) and fruitfulness (clusters per shoot) also were evaluated at budbreak in 1996. The results indicate that GA3 applications at prebloom and bloom are most detrimental to bud viability and cluster initiation in these cultivars.

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Ripening and Storage Time Effects on the Aromatic Profile of New Table Grape Cultivars in Chile

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules25245790 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (24) ◽

pp. 5790

Author(s):

Cristina Ubeda ◽

Mariona Gil i Cortiella ◽

Luis Villalobos-González ◽

Camila Gómez ◽

Claudio Pastenes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Solid Phase ◽

Consumer Preference ◽

Table Grape ◽

Volatile Components ◽

General Tendency ◽

Table Grapes ◽

Consumer Markets ◽

Volatile Profiles ◽

Grape Cultivars

The aim of this study was to determine the volatile profiles of new seedless table grape cultivars Timco™, Magenta™, Krissy™ and Arra15™ and compare them with the traditional table grape variety Crimson seedless. The volatile profiles were extracted employing solid-phase microextraction and analyzed with gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Terpenes were present in very different proportions, with the Magenta, Krissy, and Arra15 varieties showing much higher quantities than Crimson and Timco. β-Ionone and octanal, important indicators in the aromatic flavor quality of table grapes, were present in higher levels in Crimson and Arra15, and this might be responsible for driving consumer preference. These compounds significantly increased during ripening, except in Crimson, and gradually decreased from harvest to the end of the storage in all the cultivars. Evolution during ripening was different depending on the variety but the general tendency terpenes was to increase from veraison to harvest. A postharvest study revealed that Crimson could have a better conservation of the volatile components during postharvest storage compared with Timco and Krissy. These results could help in plant breeding programs and to make decisions for new planting according to needs for storing fresh table grapes given distances to consumer markets.

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Impact of Water Deficit during Fruit Development on Quality and Yield of Young Table Grape Cultivars

Horticulturae ◽

10.3390/horticulturae4040045 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 45

Author(s):

Carolin Weiler ◽

Nikolaus Merkt ◽

Simone Graeff-Hönninger

Keyword(s):

Fruit Development ◽

Phenolic Content ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Table Grape ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Internal Quality ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Table Grapes ◽

Yield And Quality ◽

Grape Cultivars

Water limitation has a major effect on agricultural crop production, influencing yield as well as external and internal quality parameters of table grapes. Due to their high yield potential, table grapes have a particularly high risk for yield and quality losses when water is limited, but grapevines are known for high heterogeneity within cultivars. Therefore, we investigated the effect of prolonged water deficits (control, moderate, and severe deficit) during fruit development on yield and quality parameters of four different table grape cultivars (Vitis L.). Furthermore, we ranked their suitability for cultivation in areas suffering from water limitation. Up to 31% of irrigation water could be saved in comparison to the control, without significant negative effects on plant yield, berry size, or internal quality parameters, such as total soluble solids and total phenolic content. However, single bunch yield was highest at a moderate deficit and number of seeds in berries increased with the severity of deficit. Cultivar selection had the greatest influence on water consumption and mainly defined yield and quality parameters. The cultivar ‘Fanny’ produced the highest yields (195.17 g per plant), most bunches per plant (2.04), and biggest berries while cv. ‘Nero’ had the highest total soluble solids content (26.33 °Brix) and the highest total phenolic content (67.53 mg gallic acid equivalents per 100 g fresh weight). Overall, ‘Fanny’ was the most promising cultivar for cultivation under water-limited conditions during fruit development, without significant effects on yield and quality parameters.

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Effects of Modified Atmosphere Packaging and Chitosan Treatment on Quality and Sensorial Parameters of Minimally Processed cv. ‘Italia’ Table Grapes

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11020328 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 328

Author(s):

Giorgia Liguori ◽

Giuseppe Sortino ◽

Gregorio Gullo ◽

Paolo Inglese

Keyword(s):

Cold Storage ◽

Modified Atmosphere Packaging ◽

Gray Mold ◽

Table Grape ◽

Modified Atmosphere ◽

Minimally Processed ◽

High Co2 ◽

Table Grapes ◽

Climacteric Fruit ◽

Negative Effect

Table grape is a non-climacteric fruit, very sensitive to water loss and gray mold during postharvest handling and storage. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of modified atmosphere packaging and chitosan treatment on quality and sensorial parameters of minimally processed cv. ‘Italia’ table grape during cold storage (14 days at 5 °C) and shelf-life (7 and 14 days of cold storage plus 5 days at 20 °C), reproducing a retail sales condition. Our data showed a significant effect of high CO2-modified atmosphere in combination with chitosan and alone on preserving quality, sensorial parameters, and delaying decay of minimally processed table grape. The most effective treatment in terms of preservation of quality, sensory, and nutritional quality was high-CO2 modified atmosphere packaging plus chitosan treatment. The overall results showed that when a proper modified atmosphere packaging is combined with a postharvest chitosan treatment, gray mold growth can effectively be controlled in ready-to-eat cv. ‘Italia’ table grape and that modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) with high levels of CO2 and reduced concentration of O2 in combination with chitosan treatment could prevent the negative effect of high-CO2 in-packages level, like berry browning and rachis browning and dehydration.

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Root hydraulic conductivity in three self-rooted and grafted table grape cultivars

OENO One ◽

10.20870/oeno-one.2012.46.3.1519 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 46 (3) ◽

pp. 177

Author(s):

Celestino Ruggiero ◽

Rosario Di Lorenzo ◽

Giovanna Angelino ◽

Giampiero Scaglione ◽

Carlo Gambino ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hydraulic Conductivity ◽

Water Flux ◽

High Water ◽

Table Grape ◽

Water Conductivity ◽

Root Hydraulic Conductivity ◽

Table Grapes ◽

Root Area ◽

Control Water ◽

Grape Cultivars

Aim: Root hydraulic conductivity is one of the main factors that control water flow in the soil-plant system and ultimately affect crop irrigation requirements. This work sets out to estimate root water conductivity for three self-rooted or grafted table grape cultivars.Methods and results: We evaluated root water conductivity of the cultivars ‘Black Magic’, ‘Matilde’ and ‘Victoria’ grafted onto 1103 Paulsen rootstock or self-rooted. Measurements were performed on two-year-old table grapes grown in pots filled with pumice. Root water conductivity was determined by placing the pots in a pressure chamber and increasing pressures from 0.05 to 0.30 MPa, at intervals of 0.05 MPa. Plant growth in terms of shoot and root dry matter was also evaluated, as well as leaf and root area.Conclusion: Root water conductivity differed according to cultivar and grafting. The ‘Victoria’ cultivar had higher root water conductivity than the other two, which differed little between them. The grafted plants showed higher root water conductivity than the self-rooted plants, except the plants of the cultivar ‘Matilde’, whose root water conductivity for the grafted and self-rooted plants was almost the same. It was also observed that the higher root water conductivity in relation to cultivar and grafting changed with increasing water flux and was constant for high water flux.Significance and impact of the study: Estimation of root hydraulic conductivity helps to determine the water consumption of the cultivars investigated, whether self-rooted or grafted, as well as the amount of irrigation water to apply to vineyards.

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Brown spot in table grape Redglobe controlled in study with sulfur dioxide and temperature treatments

California Agriculture ◽

10.3733/ca.2020a0022 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 74 (3) ◽

pp. 163-168

Author(s):

Young Cassandra A. ◽

Choudhury Robin A. ◽

Crisosto Carlos H. ◽

Gubler W. Douglas

Keyword(s):

Sulfur Dioxide ◽

Relative Humidity ◽

Fungal Growth ◽

Table Grape ◽

Potato Dextrose Agar ◽

Brown Spot ◽

Effect Of Temperature ◽

Postharvest Disease ◽

Economic Losses ◽

Grape Cultivars

Brown spot is a postharvest disease of grapes caused by Cladosporium species in the San Joaquin Valley of California. It spreads during cold storage and transport, resulting in severe economic losses to late table grape cultivars, which are grown mainly for export to countries such as China and Mexico. We examined the effect of temperature and sulfur dioxide (SO2) treatments on fungal growth and infection of Redglobe berries by three Cladosporium species: Cladosporium ramotenellum, C. cladosporioides and C. limoniforme. Redglobe is especially popular for export. Fungal colonies growing on potato dextrose agar in petri plates stored at −2°C grew slower than those stored at 2°C, and an 400 ppm-h SO2 treatment significantly reduced fungal growth of all three species and at all temperatures tested. Redglobe berries inoculated with the Cladosporium species, treated with SO2 concentrations of 100 ppm-h, 200 ppm-h and 400 ppm-h and incubated in high relative humidity chambers for 28 to 32 days at 2°C, showed little incidence of disease. The development of brown spot on berries was entirely prevented with the treatment of 200 ppm-h SO2 for all Cladosporium species tested.

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Preservatives and neutralizing substances in milk: analytical sensitivity of official specific and nonspecific tests, microbial inhibition effect, and residue persistence in milk

Ciência Rural ◽

10.1590/0103-8478cr20141013 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 45 (9) ◽

pp. 1613-1618 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Livia Cavaletti Corrêa da Silva ◽

Ronaldo Tamanini ◽

Juliana Ramos Pereira ◽

Edson Antônio Rios ◽

José Carlos Ribeiro Junior ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Sodium Hydroxide ◽

Sodium Hypochlorite ◽

Microbial Growth ◽

Raw Milk ◽

Analytical Sensitivity ◽

Detection Capability ◽

Microbial Inhibition ◽

Milk Adulteration ◽

Microbial Growth Inhibition

Milk fraud has been a recurring problem in Brazil; thus, it is important to know the effect of most frequently used preservatives and neutralizing substances as well as the detection capability of official tests. The objective of this study was to evaluate the analytical sensitivity of legislation-described tests and nonspecific microbial inhibition tests, and to investigate the effect of such substances on microbial growth inhibition and the persistence of detectable residues after 24/48h of refrigeration. Batches of raw milk, free from any contaminant, were divided into aliquots and mixed with different concentrations of formaldehyde, hydrogen peroxide, sodium hypochlorite, chlorine, chlorinated alkaline detergent, or sodium hydroxide. The analytical sensitivity of the official tests was 0.005%, 0.003%, and 0.013% for formaldehyde, hydrogen peroxide, and hypochlorite, respectively. Chlorine and chlorinated alkaline detergent were not detected by regulatory tests. In the tests for neutralizing substances, sodium hydroxide could not be detected when acidity was accurately neutralized. The yogurt culture test gave results similar to those obtained by official tests for the detection of specific substances. Concentrations of 0.05% of formaldehyde, 0.003% of hydrogen peroxide and 0.013% of sodium hypochlorite significantly reduced (P<0.05) the microbial counts in milk after 24 and 48h refrigeration. Formaldehyde and sodium hypochlorite remained detectable in milk after 48 and 24h of refrigeration, respectively; while hydrogen peroxide could not be detected after 24h. Official tests for the detection of milk fraud by the addition of preservatives and neutralizing substances present limitations and may be ineffective in detecting milk adulteration

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