scholarly journals Impact of Water Deficit during Fruit Development on Quality and Yield of Young Table Grape Cultivars

Horticulturae ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Carolin Weiler ◽  
Nikolaus Merkt ◽  
Simone Graeff-Hönninger
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Development ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Table Grape ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Internal Quality ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Table Grapes ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Grape Cultivars

Water limitation has a major effect on agricultural crop production, influencing yield as well as external and internal quality parameters of table grapes. Due to their high yield potential, table grapes have a particularly high risk for yield and quality losses when water is limited, but grapevines are known for high heterogeneity within cultivars. Therefore, we investigated the effect of prolonged water deficits (control, moderate, and severe deficit) during fruit development on yield and quality parameters of four different table grape cultivars (Vitis L.). Furthermore, we ranked their suitability for cultivation in areas suffering from water limitation. Up to 31% of irrigation water could be saved in comparison to the control, without significant negative effects on plant yield, berry size, or internal quality parameters, such as total soluble solids and total phenolic content. However, single bunch yield was highest at a moderate deficit and number of seeds in berries increased with the severity of deficit. Cultivar selection had the greatest influence on water consumption and mainly defined yield and quality parameters. The cultivar ‘Fanny’ produced the highest yields (195.17 g per plant), most bunches per plant (2.04), and biggest berries while cv. ‘Nero’ had the highest total soluble solids content (26.33 °Brix) and the highest total phenolic content (67.53 mg gallic acid equivalents per 100 g fresh weight). Overall, ‘Fanny’ was the most promising cultivar for cultivation under water-limited conditions during fruit development, without significant effects on yield and quality parameters.

scholarly journals Nutrition Quality Parameters of Almonds as Affected by Deficit Irrigation Strategies

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (14) ◽  
pp. 2646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lipan ◽  
Moriana ◽  
Lluch ◽  
Cano-Lamadrid ◽  
Sendra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Nutrition Quality ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Volatiles Compounds

The influence of full irrigation, double-regulated (RDI) and sustained deficit irrigation (SDI) treatments on almond quality was assessed by analyzing different parameters: sugars, organic acids, antioxidant activity, total phenolic content (TPC), and volatile compounds. Almond quality studies for plants submitted to water stress are scarce, and it is essential to understand the biochemical responses of plants to water stress in maintaining fruit yield and quality. Citric acid, sucrose, antioxidant activity, and TPC were not affected by the application of studied deficit irrigation strategies (DI). An increase in malic acid and a decrease in glucose was observed for stressed samples (T3 and T4), while a higher number of total volatiles compounds was found for moderate RDI (T2). Using deficit irrigation strategies, the almond yield and quality was not changed, and in fact, some parameters, such as glucose and key volatile compounds, slightly increased under moderate RDI. This finding might encourage farmers to implement these strategies and contribute to sustainable agriculture.

Wood-based biochar for small fruit production in southern Quebec, Canada

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuan Shang ◽  
Chih-Yu Hung ◽  
Barry Husk ◽  
Valerie Orsat ◽  
Joann K. Whalen
Keyword(s):  
Soil Quality ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
First Year ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Small Fruit

The market for small fruits (grapes, blueberries, strawberries, and raspberries) is valued at more than CAD100 million per year in Quebec, Canada. Wood-based biochar is an amendment that improves soil quality, which may boost small fruit growth and production. The objective of this research was to determine if wood-based biochar could increase the yield and quality of grape, blueberry, strawberry, and raspberry in southern Quebec. We evaluated the fruit yield as well as the quality parameters like average fruit weight, fruit firmness, color, juice pH, total soluble solids, total phenolic content, and antioxidant activity. Field trials were established on commercial farms with grape, blueberry, strawberry, and raspberry production systems in plots that received wood-based biochar and no biochar in spring (April to May). Small fruits were harvested at their ripening stage for yield and quality evaluation in fall (July to October). Biochar application did not improve yield and quality parameters of small fruits except it gave a marginal higher yield of grape (3.7 vs. 4.4 t ha-1, P = 0.08) and a higher average fruit weight of strawberry (11.9 vs. 13.2 g, P < 0.05). There was no difference in the quality of the fruit from biochar-amended and control plots in the first year of biochar application, possibly because the quality parameters are affected more by weather conditions, handling, and storage than by soil quality. This work suggests that wood-based biochar (<5 t ha-1) has a limited first-year impact on small fruit yield and quality in southern Quebec, Canada.

scholarly journals Suitability of some mid-season table grape cultivars and types for minimally processed produce

OENO One ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Muharrem Ergun ◽  
Özden Akkaya ◽  
Nazan Ergun
Keyword(s):  
Storage Period ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Table Grape ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Minimally Processed ◽  
Minimal Processing ◽  
Table Grapes ◽  
Berry Size ◽  
Grape Cultivars

<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Aims</strong>: The objectives of this study were to evaluate whether some midseason table grape cultivars and types can be used as minimally processed produce and to investigate the negative effects of minimal processing on the quality of the table grapes.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Methods and results</strong>: Changes in quality losses as defects, weight loss, soluble solids, titratable acidity and pH by minimally processed 13 cultivars and 4 types were recorded during a 10-day storage period at 4 °C. Browning on the stem end was the major defect followed by collapse on the stem end, decay both on the stem end and on the berry surface, and splitting on the berry surface. Big Perlon, Hatun Parmagi and Ribol among the cultivars/types were found be less prone to defects after minimal processing and storing at 4 °C.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Conclusion</strong>: The defects or problems which minimally processed table grapes most likely to face are collapse, browning and decay on the stem end, and splitting and decay on the berry surface. The quality losses in Big Perlon, Hatun Parmagi and Ribol cultivars with a very large berry size were lower than other 14 cultivars/types after 10 days, suggesting that berry size is very important attribute for choosing table grape cultivars as minimally processed produce.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Significance and impact of study</strong>: The study involving 13 cultivars and 4 types with different colored skin, berry sizes and types presents reliable information of suitability of the grapes for fresh-cut produce. Furthermore, the quality assessment used for this study provides a very detailed clarification what kind of problems minimally processed table grapes might face.</p>

scholarly journals (385) Phenolic Analysis of Selected Grape Cultivars

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 1069D-1069
Author(s):  
Keri L. Andersen ◽  
Susan L. Cuppett ◽  
Ellen T. Paparozzi ◽  
Paul E. Read
Keyword(s):  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Polyphenol Content ◽  
Wine Production ◽  
Red Grapes ◽  
Table Grapes ◽  
Phenolic Analysis ◽  
Effects Of Aging ◽  
Grape Cultivars

Phenolic levels have been analyzed in several grape cultivars that are suited for growing in southeastern Nebraska. The phenolic levels of these cultivars are not known to have been previously published. The polyphenol content of fruits and fruit products such as wine have been shown to be directly correlated to the antioxidant potential of the product. Antioxidants help to prevent the effects of aging and age-associated diseases. The grape cultivars in the study are grown primarily for wine production, but also as fresh table grapes and for making juice and jellies. The total phenolic content is being analyzed by the Folin-Ciocalteu method. Of the red grapes, `St. Croix' and `Frontenac' have the highest levels of polyphenols, followed by `Chambourcin' and `deChaunac', with levels varying from 1.4–4.9 mg·g-1 (polyphenols/grape), measured as gallic acid equivalents (GAE). The white grapes `Vignoles' and `LaCrosse' have total phenolic levels of 1.4 to 2.2 mg·g-1 (polyphenols/grape), also measured as gallic acid equivalents (GAE).

scholarly journals Quality changes during thermal processing of two mixed formulas of fruits and vegetables pulps

2020 ◽  
pp. 271
Author(s):  
Elsa M. Gonçalves ◽  
Isa Raposo ◽  
Joaquina Pinheiro ◽  
Carla Alegria ◽  
Margarida Moldão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Enzyme Inactivation ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Thermal Degradation Kinetics ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable

The present work aimed to evaluate, through thermal degradation kinetics (80 °C to 98 °C in time intervals of 0.5 to 25 min), the effects of different thermal treatments on the biochemical, physicochemical, sensory and microbiological parameters of two mixed fruit and vegetable pulps, a yellow and a red one. The evaluated fruit and vegetable pulps resulted from the mixture of different fruits and vegetables proportions (pineapple, beetroot, strawberry and lemon juice) added to a 50% (p/p) pear-based pulp to maximize their bioactivity, physicochemical stability and sensorial acceptance. Evaluated quality parameters included the determination of peroxidase activity (POD), pH, soluble solids content (SSC), total phenolic content (TPC), CIELab colour, sensory evaluation (colour, taste and aroma) and total mesophilic aerobic counts (TAPC). Regarding heat treatments optimization for both pulps with lower pH, it was concluded that higher temperature treatments (90 to 98 °C) applied over a shorter time (less than 5 min) were more effective to inactivate POD, to reduce the initial microbial load (>2 log10 cycles) and to maximize sensorial attributes. In both mix pulps, total phenolic content (TPC) was not significantly influenced by the different applied time-temperature binomials. From the degradation kinetic models and as an example, it was possible to conclude that POD followed a 1st order kinetic, where the temperature effect was well fitted to the Arrhenius equation. The results allowed to obtain optimized time-temperature binomials for each pulp to simultaneously achieve POD enzyme inactivation, microbial reduction, and maximization of quality parameters relatively to fresh pulps, 90 °C/5 min and 98 °C/2.5 min, for the yellow pulp and red pulp, respectively.

Variation in Postharvest Quality Attributes of Fresh Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) Beans Harvested from Different Crop Mulching Regime

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pankaj Kumar Kannaujia ◽  
Sakharam Kale ◽  
Ajinath Dukare ◽  
Vijay Singh Meena ◽  
Prerna Nath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Postharvest Quality ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Organic Mulch ◽  
Agronomic Practices ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Wheat Straw Mulch ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

Background: Present study, aimed to assess effect of organic and inorganic crop mulching on physical, physiological and biochemical quality of fresh cowpea beans.Methods: Cowpea (cv. Kashi Kanchan bush-type) was grown during two consecutive seasons from April 2018 to July 2019 under four different mulching treatments. Mulching treatments included no mulch; wheat straw mulch (organic mulch); black mulch and silver mulch. Black and silver mulches were made of 25 microns LDPE sheet. Cowpea was grown as per standard agronomic practices and physical, biochemical and postharvest quality parameters of beans were evaluated.Result: Results indicated that bean length (28.7cm) was highest under silver mulch whereas bean thickness (9.10mm), width (9.29mm) and 100 bean weight (1094.5g) were highest under organic mulch. Likewise, protein content (28.63%), total phenolic content (17.0µg GAE/100g) and total antioxidant activity (46.84µmol trolox equiv./100g) were found highest in beans produced under organic mulch. Overall results demonstrated that crop mulching could be used for enhancing the antioxidants, phenolic content of cowpea beans.

scholarly journals Antioxidant capacity and evaluation of total phenolic content of optimized blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum) wine

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. e55134
Author(s):  
Luis Angel Cabanillas-Bojorquez ◽  
Octavio Valdez-Baro ◽  
Erick Paul Gutierrez-Grijalva ◽  
Jose Benigno Valdez-Torres ◽  
Ramón Ignacio Castillo-López ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
Total Soluble Solids

Blueberry is a fruit consumed fresh and as an ingredient in formulations such as jam, juice, and wine. Wine is a widely consumed beverage and produced from different berries and fruits. Blueberry wine contains bio-compounds that could have a beneficial effect on health. Therefore, this study aimed to optimize blueberry wine by two response variables (total soluble solids and fermentation time) to obtain the highest alcohol percentage, pH, and lightness. In order to optimize the fermentation process, a central composite design was used. The optimized blueberry wine was obtained at total soluble solids of 25°Brix and fermentation time of 16 d. The optimized blueberry characteristics estimated were: alcohol percentage of 11.91%, pH of 2.98, and lightness (L*) of 26.22, and the optimized blueberry characteristics experimental were: alcohol percentage of 11.93±0.02%, pH of 2.97±0.01, and L* of 25.42±1.80. The optimized blueberry wine had a total phenolic content of 360.27±18.09 mg of gallic acid equivalents L-1, total anthocyanin content of 46.27±3.66 mg cyanidin-3 glucoside L-1, antioxidant capacity by ABTS and DDPH assays of 1,539.8±92.18 and 1,688.07±57.57 mM Trolox equivalent L-1, respectively. The results suggest that optimized blueberry wine can be considered a drink with potential health applications.

scholarly journals Selected Quality Parameters of Air-Dried Apples Pretreated by High Pressure, Ultrasounds and Pulsed Electric Field—A Comparison Study

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1943
Author(s):  
Artur Wiktor ◽  
Aleš Landfeld ◽  
Aleksandra Matys ◽  
Pavla Novotná ◽  
Magdalena Dadan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Reference Sample ◽  
Pulsed Electric Field ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
High Pressure Processing ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Hygroscopic Properties

The aim of this work was to compare selected physicochemical properties of air dried ‘Golden Delicious’ apples, pretreated either by high-pressure processing (HPP), ultrasound (US) or pulsed electric field (PEF). Following parameters of pretreatment were used: HPP–400 MPa for 15 min, US–21 kHz, 180 W for 45 min, PEF–1 kV/cm, 3.5 kJ/kg. The quality of materials was evaluated by their rehydration properties, hygroscopicity, color and total phenolic content. To compare the effectiveness of the utilized methods, determined properties were expressed as relative comparison values against the reference sample obtained without any pretreatment in the same conditions. The performed research demonstrated that properties can be shaped by the application of proper pretreatment methods. For instance, PEF was shown to be the best method for improving water uptake during rehydration, whereas HPP was the most effective in decreasing hygroscopic properties in comparison with untreated dried apples. Among the investigated methods, HPP resulted in the deepest browning and thus total color difference, while the effects of US and PEF were comparable. For all pretreated dried apples, the total phenolic content was lower when compared with reference material, though the smallest drop was found in sonicated samples.

scholarly journals Gelatin-Based Edible Coating Combined with Mentha pulegium Essential Oil as Bioactive Packaging for Strawberries

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Aitboulahsen ◽  
Said Zantar ◽  
Amin Laglaoui ◽  
Hicham Chairi ◽  
Abdelhay Arakrak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Edible Coating ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Mentha Pulegium ◽  
Bioactive Coating ◽  
Gelatin Coating

The effect of gelatin-based edible coating incorporated with Mentha pulegium essential oil (MEO) on physicochemical (pH, titratable acidity (TA), weight loss, total soluble solids (TSS), and total phenolic content (TPC)), microbiological (total aerobic mesophilic flora (TAMF) and yeasts and moulds (YM)), and sensorial (color and firmness) characteristics of strawberries stored under refrigeration was studied. Strawberries were coated with gelatin alone (4%) and/or gelatin combined with two concentrations (0.5 and 1%) of MEO and stored at 4°C for 13 days. Gelatin coating and MEO combination significantly inhibited total flora and moulds and yeasts with comparison to control (uncoated strawberries) and had better hygienic quality at the end of storage. The effect was MEO concentration dependent. Our results also showed that the bioactive coating used in this investigation slowed down changes in pH, TA, weight loss, TSS, firmness, TPC, and color of strawberries. Gelatin coating incorporated with MEO at 1% protected at least 60% of strawberries from deterioration after 13 days of storage and could be used as bioactive packaging to prolong the shelf life and an alternative of pesticides use.

Development and use of retrotransposons-based markers (IRAP/REMAP) to assess genetic divergence among table grape cultivars

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 272-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danuza Kelly Strioto ◽  
Betty Cristiane Kuhn ◽  
William Seiji Lemes Nagata ◽  
Giovana Marinelli ◽  
Sandra Aparecida Oliveira-Collet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Marker ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Somatic Mutations ◽  
Clonal Propagation ◽  
Table Grape ◽  
Table Grapes ◽  
Inter Simple Sequence Repeats ◽  
Simple Sequence ◽  
Grape Cultivars ◽  
New Cultivars

AbstractFor more than four decades after the introduction of cv. Italia (Vitis vinifera L.) in Brazil, several somatic mutations in the genome of cv. Italia and its somatic mutants gave rise to phenotypes which generated at least five new cultivars of fine table grapes. Since no molecular marker proved to be effective in discriminating cv. Italia (V. vinifera L.) and its coloured mutants (Rubi, Benitaka, Brasil, Black Star), primers for the long terminal repeat (LTR) sequences were developed to analyse Inter Retrotransposon Amplified Polymorphism (IRAP) and Retrotransposon-Microsatellite Amplified Polymorphism (REMAP), and investigate how the coloured cultivars derived from clonal propagations of somatic mutations are genetically structured. Primers for LTR sequences of IRAP and REMAP markers were edited from grape sequence databases available at a GenBank. Twenty-four primers, denominated DKS001–DKS024, were edited. Three hundred and forty-nine DNA segments were amplified by individual DKS primers and DKS/ISSR (Inter Simple Sequence Repeats) primer combinations, at an average of 13.96 amplicons per primer pair. High genetic divergence between the five cultivars was inferred from polymorphism in retrotransposons IRAP and REMAP. The analysis of polymorphism of IRAP and REMAP retrotransposons was crucial to show that clonal propagation of somatic mutations may lead towards the formation of genetically divergent cultivars by the formation of genetically structured vineyards and show the mixture of genomes within each cultivar.

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