scholarly journals Research on Degradation Characteristics of Nonylphenol in Water by Highly Effective Complex Microorganisms

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 04016
Author(s):  
Juan Ma ◽  
Fang-yan Chen ◽  
Yu-bin Tang ◽  
Xin-gang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Putida ◽  
Yangtze River ◽  
Degradation Rate ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Morphological Observation ◽  
Bacterial Suspension ◽  
Canal Water ◽  
Form Complex ◽  
Single Strain ◽  
Degrading Bacteria

Aiming at effectively controlling nonylphenol (NP) pollution, three bacterial strains were isolated from activated sludge and landfill leachate, which could grow with nonylphenol as sole carbon and energy source. The three nonylphenol-degrading bacteria isolated were named as WN6, SLY9 and SLY10, respectively. The morphological observation and 16S rDNA identification revealed that the strains belonged to Serratia sp., Klebsiella sp. and Pseudomonas putida, respectively. WN6 and SLY9 contained ALK gene, while WN6 and SLY10 harbored C12O genes. The three strains were combined together to form complex microorganisms ZJF. The ratio of Serratia sp. to Klebsiella sp. to Pseudomonas putida was 2:1:2 (volume ratio of bacterial suspension). Under the conditions that temperature was 30 ℃, pH was 6, inoculation amount was 10% (volume ratio), initial concentration of NP solutions was 20 mg/L, NP degradation rate by ZJF reached 73.82%, compared with any single strain of the three bacteria, NP degradation rate by ZJF increased more than 15% during 6 days. Bioremediation of nonylphenol-polluted the Yangtze River and the Ancient Canal water by ZJF ware simulated. After a 6-day incubation period, the degrading rate of nonylphenol in Ancient Canal water was close to 80%, and the degrading rate of nonylphenol in Yangtze River water was 72.84%.

Influence of Resin Monomers on Growth of Oral Streptococci

2004 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 302-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Takahashi ◽  
S. Imazato ◽  
R.R.B. Russell ◽  
Y. Noiri ◽  
S. Ebisu
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Observation ◽  
Bacterial Suspension ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Oral Streptococci ◽  
Streptococcus Sobrinus ◽  
Associated Bacteria ◽  
Streptococcus Sanguis ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Biomass Increase

Ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate monomers have been previously reported to stimulate the growth of certain caries-associated bacteria on the basis of turbidity measurements. To elucidate the detail of this effect, we examined the influence of resin monomers on the growth of Streptococcus sobrinus and Streptococcus sanguis by determination of bacterial numbers (colony-forming units), morphological observation, and chemical analysis. Although the absorbance values in the stationary phase of bacterial suspension were increased in the presence of ethyleneglycol monomers, no significant differences were observed for bacterial numbers throughout the incubation period. Scanning electron microscopy observation revealed the formation of sparse vesicular material surrounding bacterial cells when incubated with ethyleneglycol monomers, and these products were proved to be resin polymers. The results demonstrate that the apparent biomass increase during incubation with ethyleneglycol monomers is due not to promotion of bacterial multiplication, but to the polymerization of resin monomers to form vesicular structures attached to cells.

Barcoding for diatoms in the Yangtze River from the morphological observation and 18S rDNA polymorphic analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 297 ◽  
pp. 81-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Li ◽  
Xiaorong Liu ◽  
Yanfang Yu ◽  
Huijie Huang ◽  
Xingling Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
18S Rdna ◽  
Yangtze River ◽  
Morphological Observation ◽  
The Yangtze River ◽  
Polymorphic Analysis

scholarly journals Control of Fusarium Wilt of Radish by Combining Pseudomonas putida Strains that have Different Disease-Suppressive Mechanisms

2003 ◽  
Vol 93 (5) ◽  
pp. 626-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marjan de Boer ◽  
Peter Bom ◽  
Frodo Kindt ◽  
Joost J. B. Keurentjes ◽  
Ientse van der Sluis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Putida ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Induced Systemic Resistance ◽  
Disease Suppression ◽  
Systemic Resistance ◽  
Single Application ◽  
Multiple Traits ◽  
Additional Mechanism ◽  
Single Strain

Biological control of soilborne plant pathogens in the field has given variable results. By combining specific strains of microorganisms, multiple traits antagonizing the pathogen can be combined and this may result in a higher level of protection. Pseudomonas putida WCS358 suppresses Fusarium wilt of radish by effectively competing for iron through the production of its pseudobactin siderophore. However, in some bioassays pseudobactin-negative mutants of WCS358 also suppressed disease to the same extent as WCS358, suggesting that an, as yet unknown, additional mechanism may be operative in this strain. P. putida strain RE8 induced systemic resistance against fusarium wilt. When WCS358 and RE8 were mixed through soil together, disease suppression was significantly enhanced to approximately 50% as compared to the 30% reduction for the single strain treatments. Moreover, when one strain failed to suppress disease in the single application, the combination still resulted in disease control. The enhanced disease suppression by the combination of P. putida strains WCS358 and RE8 is most likely the result of the combination of their different disease-suppressive mechanisms. These results demonstrate that combining biocontrol strains can lead to more effective, or at least, more reliable biocontrol of fusarium wilt of radish.

scholarly journals TECHNOLOGICAL FEATURES OF BIOCOMPOSTING OF ORGANIC MATTER WITH UKRAINIAN PHOSPHORITES AND USE OF PSEUDOMONAS PUTIDA 17

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 41-48
Author(s):  
M.V Gatsenko ◽  
V.V. Volkogon ◽  
N.V. Lutsenko
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Pseudomonas Putida ◽  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Cattle Manure ◽  
Bacterial Suspension ◽  
Soluble Phosphorus

The certain features of composting of organic matter enriched with phosphorites and phosphate-mobilizing bacteria Pseudomonas putida 17 were investigated. The effect of different kinds of phosphate flour and bacterial load on the release of water-soluble phosphorus at vermicomposting of cattle manure was determined. It resulted in optimization of composting duration, dose of bacterial suspension and phosphorus in order to produce compost with best indexes of watersoluble phosphates content.

Bioremediation of Petroleum Contaminated Soil

2012 ◽  
Vol 550-553 ◽  
pp. 1248-1252
Author(s):  
Rui Dan Xu
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Sole Carbon Source ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Degradation Rate ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Oil Fields ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Petroleum Contaminated Soil ◽  
Immobilized Microorganisms ◽  
Degradation Ability

Two kinds of polyacrylamide(HPAM)-degrading bacteria S1, S2, which can use HPAM as only nitrogen source and the sole carbon source, were isolated from petroleum-contaminated soil of Daqing Oilfield. The bioremediation for treating petroleum contaminated soil by immobilized microorganisms can improve the effect on biodegradation for pollutants in oil fields and reduce the loss of bacteria. The degradation ability of five kinds of embedding immobilization methods on soil pollutant was investigated. The experimental results showed that the immobilized microbial granules, which used polyvinyl alcohols (PVA) and sodium alginate as coagulant, activated carbon as coagulant-support, exhibited good mechanical strength, operated easily, be not breakable and low cost. Experiments results showed that after treatment using this kind of immobilized microbial granules, the HPAM concentration declined from 500 mg•L-1 to 102 mg•L-1 in 48 hours. The degradation rate of HPAM reached 79.6%. At the same time crude oil content decreased from 733.21 mg•L-1 to 9.5 mg•L-1. These immobilized microbial granules can remove 98.7% oil from the petroleum-contaminated soil in 48 hours.

Effects of Co-Substrates and Inorganic Ions on Biodegradation of Oil-Degrading Strains

2011 ◽  
Vol 179-180 ◽  
pp. 781-786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Yang Feng ◽  
Xiao De Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Degradation Rate ◽  
Inorganic Ions ◽  
Polluted Soil ◽  
Single Strain ◽  
Metabolic Characteristics ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Degradation Tests ◽  
Aeration Conditions ◽  
Degradation Ability ◽  
Reaction Bottle

Six strains named SY1 to SY6 were isolated from oil-polluted soil. The degradation tests of oil by our isolates were carried out under still-reaction-bottle-aeration and shaking-aeration conditions. The co-metabolic characteristics of two co-substrates (ethanol and glucose) and inorganic ions on the biodegradation of oil by our isolates were also studied. The results show that oil can be degraded by the six isolates effectively. The degradation ability of strains is enhanced due to co-substrates added. The enhanced roles of glucose are stronger than ethanol to SY1 and SY5; while the enhanced roles of ethanol are stronger than glucose to SY3.And the enhanced roles of glucose and ethanol are similar to SY2, SY4 and SY6. Inorganic ions, such as Ca2 + Fe2 +, Mg2+, etc, could promote the degradation ability of strains and improve the growth of strains. The degradation effects of mixed strains were inferior to that of single strain. After five days, the degradation rate of SY3 was worst, which was 65.7%. In the mixed strains, there were only 11 groups’ degradation rates greater than that of SY3, and other 46 groups’ degradation rates were less than that of SY3.

Experimental Study of the Biochemistry Method for Enhancing Oil Recovery in the Oil Reservoir after Polymer Flooding

2013 ◽  
Vol 647 ◽  
pp. 144-149
Author(s):  
Yue Hui She ◽  
Fan Zhang ◽  
Bo Xun Liang ◽  
Zheng Liang Wang ◽  
Long Jiang Yu
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Degradation Rate ◽  
Polymer Flooding ◽  
Residual Oil ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Profile Control ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

A delayed cross linked gel profile control agent is used to plug high permeable formations. Also, well nutrient fluid and microbes are injected with 50% of the heavy residual oil, after polymer flooding, in order to improve oil recovery due to the complex environment of oil reservoirs. Four strains of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria are selected from oilfield produced water with a high efficiency. Two of the four strains, namely BISYX17 and BISYX14, are new. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria have high growth activity and they are able to reach a maximum stain concentration after being cultured 4 to 8 days, using phenanthrene as their sole carbon source. They are able to effectively degrade heavy hydrocarbon with a phenanthrene degradation rate of up to 80％, after the sample is cultured for seven days. Strain BISYX7 has the strongest phenanthrene -degrading ability, with a maximum degradation percentage of 89.89％. The strains are capable of producing dioxygenase to open rings of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon. The dioxygenase activity, produced by BISYX17, is able to reach 40.2 IU/mg, which is higher than the enzyme activities of a wild strain. This shows the strain has excellent potential to produce enzymes. Enzymes, produced by metabolism, have a direct degradation rate of 68% on crude oil. A core displacement simulation experiment indicates a profile control oil-displacing system is able to improve crude oil recovery efficiency by 17%, after polymer flooding. Thus, the system has excellent application potential for residual oil recovery.

scholarly journals Construction of Chimeric Catechol 2,3-Dioxygenase Exhibiting Improved Activity against the Suicide Inhibitor 4-Methylcatechol

2004 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 1804-1810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akiko Okuta ◽  
Kouhei Ohnishi ◽  
Shigeaki Harayama
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Pseudomonas Putida ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Mixed Cultures ◽  
Enzyme Inactivation ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Ring Cleavage ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
Catabolic Genes ◽  
Degrading Bacteria

ABSTRACT Catechol 2,3-dioxygenase (C23O; EC 1.3.11.2), exemplified by XylE and NahH, catalyzes the ring cleavage of catechol and some substituted catechols. C23O is inactivated at an appreciable rate during the ring cleavage of 4-methylcatechol due to the oxidation of the Fe(II) cofactor to Fe(III). In this study, a C23O exhibiting improved activity against 4-methylcatechol was isolated. To isolate this C23O, diverse C23O gene sequences were PCR amplified from DNA which had been isolated from mixed cultures of phenol-degrading bacteria and subcloned in the middle of a known C23O gene sequence (xylE or nahH) to construct a library of chimeric C23O genes. These chimeric C23O genes were then introduced into Pseudomonas putida possessing some of the toluene catabolic genes (xylXYZLGFJQKJI). When a C23O gene (e.g., xylE) is introduced into this strain, the transformants cannot generally grow on p-toluate because 4-methylcatechol, a metabolite of p-toluate, is a substrate as well as a suicide inhibitor of C23O. However, a transformant of this strain capable of growing on p-toluate was isolated, and a chimeric C23O (named NY8) in this transformant was characterized. The rate of enzyme inactivation by 4-methylcatechol was lower in NY8 than in XylE. Furthermore, the rate of the reactivation of inactive C23O in a solution containing Fe(II) and ascorbic acid was higher in NY8 than in XylE. These properties of NY8 might allow the efficient metabolism of 4-methylcatechol and thus allow host cells to grow on p-toluate.

Study on Phenol-Degrading Characteristics of Hybrid Strains and Immobilized Cells

2014 ◽  
Vol 998-999 ◽  
pp. 330-335
Author(s):  
Cai Hong Yu ◽  
Wan Zhong Zhang ◽  
Chun Yan Li ◽  
Wen Juan Wang ◽  
Ying Huang
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Degradation Rate ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Immobilized Cells ◽  
Phenol Degradation ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Single Strain ◽  
Better Than

This study aims to enhance the bacteria’s ability to degrade phenol by exploring the phenol-degrading capability of hybrid strains and immobilized cells. Two phenol-degradation strains named as A1 and A2 were isolated respectively.The StrainA1 was identified as Burkholderia, while strain A2 was found to be Bacillus cereuswere. In addition, conditions including inoculum strains , pH value, temperature and dissolved oxygen were tested. . It was shown that: (1)Hybrid strains ( mixed A1 with A2) was better than single strain(A1 or A2) in degrading phenol because of the Synergistic effect. It can completely degraded phenol at the concentration of 300mg/ L, 500mg / L, 700mg / L within 12h, 24h, 48h respectively. (2) The optimum environmental conditions of phenol degradation for hybrid strains culture is 35°C, pH is 7.0, the inoculum strains is 10%. (3) It is beneficial to the degradation of phenol, when the speed of the shaker was improved. (4) Phenol-degradation rate and the tolerance of high concentration of phenol were significantly improved when the A1 and A2 were mixed immoblized.

scholarly journals Biodegradation of aniline by Enterobacter ludwigii KH-5 isolated from the soil around Shiraz refinery, Iran

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 697-707 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Degradation Rate ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Alcaligenes Faecalis ◽  
Potassium Nitrate ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Optimum Ph ◽  
Biodegradation Process ◽  
Enterobacter Ludwigii ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
16S Rdna Gene Sequencing

<div> <p>Aniline is a harmful substance that pollutes the environment and seriously endangers human health. In the present study five different bacteria were enriched and isolated from the soil around Shiraz refinery (Iran) as aniline degrading bacteria. They were identified as <em>Enterobacter ludwigii </em>KH-5,<em> Raoultella planticola</em> KH-A2<em>, Alcaligenes faecalis</em> KH-A3<em>, Serratia marcescens</em> KH-A4 and<em> Microbacterium barkeri</em> KH-A1 based on 16S rDNA gene sequencing. The highest aniline degradation rate (96%) was observed by <em>E. ludwigii</em> KH-A5. This strain with the greatest amount of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was the most aniline resistant bacterium. The optimum pH and temperature that supported biodegradation of aniline by strain KH-A5 were 7.0 and 28-35 &deg;C, respectively. The maximum growth and biodegradation of aniline by KH-A5 were observed at the initial aniline concentration of 100 mg l<sup>-1</sup>. The strain could growth on aniline up to concentration of 700 mg l<sup>-1</sup> with the degradation rate of 11%. Further studies demonstrated that the addition of 0.5 g l<sup>-1</sup> glucose or potassium nitrate as a second carbon or nitrogen source could slightly enhance the biodegradation efficiency from 96.0% to 99.0%. However, even more addition of glucose or potassium nitrate could not further enhance the biodegradation process but delayed the biodegradation of aniline by the strain KH-A5. It could be concluded that these new strains, particularly<em> E. ludwigii</em> KH-A5, have a potential use for bioremediation of the site contaminated with aniline.</p> </div> <p>&nbsp;</p>

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