scholarly journals Comparison of Household and Communal Biogas Digester Performance to Treat Kitchen Waste, Case Study: Bandung City, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 01019
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Rianawati ◽  
Enri Damanhuri ◽  
Marisa Handajani ◽  
Tri Padmi
Keyword(s):  
Organic Waste ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Kitchen Waste ◽  
Anaerobic Digesters ◽  
Disposal Area ◽  
Input And Output ◽  
Biogas Productivity

Bandung City is one of the big cities in Indonesia that grappled with waste problem. There is 1,500 ton of waste produced daily, of which 65% is organic. In addition, the water content of the waste could reach 80% during rainy season, given that the waste is commonly collected in open space before transported to the final disposal area. In order to tackle this issue, the municipality of Bandung has started to implement anaerobic digesters to treat kitchen waste since 2013 in an attempt to reduce organic waste. There are three scales of bio-digesters that have been implemented: city 2 ton, communal (20-1000 kg) and household scale (20 kg), which comprise of 1 unit, 15 units and 100 units respectively. This study evaluate the efficiency and biogas productivity of each bio-digesters type. We analyzed 30 unit and 14 unit of household and communal biodigesters respectively. The waste input, slurry output and biogas production were estimated based on average of daily basis. Both the input and output of the biodigesters were characterized (TS, VS, COD) to gain further understanding. This study provide facts and figures to improve the further implementation of household bio-digesters in Bandung City.

scholarly journals Increase of biogas production through co-digestion of lipids and sewage sludge

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-140
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Lag Phase ◽  
Digested Sludge ◽  
Anaerobic Digesters ◽  
Experimental Systems ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Acetogenic Bacteria ◽  
Time Required

The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of co-digesting lipids originated from domestic wastewater along with sewage sludge. Three lab-scale single stage mesophilic anaerobic digesters were operated under a constant hydraulic retention time (15 days). One system (C) was fed on a daily basis with sewage sludge and served as the control system and its operation was compared with two experimental systems (E1 and E2). Both experimental systems received mixtures of sludge and lipids with different lipids content (20 % for system E1 and 60 % for system E2 on a VS basis), whereas organic loadings were 2 KgVS m-3 d-1 and 3,5 KgVS m-3 d-1 for systems E1 and E2, respectively. According to the results it can be stated that the addition of lipids to sewage sludge up to 60 % on a VS basis resulted in a significant increase of biogas production without producing any severe effects on the properties of the digested sludge. More specifically biogas production of reactor E1 was 18 % greater than that of reactor C, whereas biogas produced in reactor E2 was even greater (50 % higher than that of reactor C). Finally it is interesting that during start-up a lag phase was recorded at reactor E2 before biogas production initiated, which should be attributed to the time required for growth of acetogenic bacteria capable to degrade LCFA.

scholarly journals Performance Evaluation of Biogas Yields Potential from Co-Digestion of Water Hyacinth and Kitchen Waste

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Ukwuaba Samuel Ifeanyi
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Kitchen Waste ◽  
Dump Site ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Mesophilic Temperature

Solid wastes are generated and dump indiscriminately in Nigeria due to poor implementation of standards, thus causing environmental and public health hazards. Nigeria generates more than 32 million tons of solid waste annually, out of which only 20-30% is collected and disposed in an open dump site. Different researchers have reported that organic waste fraction of solid waste generated in Nigeria has the highest percentage which is over 50%. However, this fraction of organic waste is yet to be properly utilized for biogas production. This research work is focused on the performance evaluation of biogas potential yields from co-digestion of kitchen wastes and water hyacinth. A 0.030m3 anaerobic mild steel digester was fabricated and used to digest the composition of water hyacinth and kitchen wastes. The experiment was conducted under mesophilic temperature range and a pH range of 6.0-7.4. The results obtained show that a cumulative biogas yield of 0.0499m3 was obtained from 30kg of substrates composition of kitchen waste and water hyacinth. Besides, optimum biogas yields were obtained at optimum mesophilic temperature.

scholarly journals A Distributed Biogas Production Model and Its Use in the Livestock Sector. Case Study: Castile and León

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 5326
Author(s):  
Carlos Reparaz ◽  
Laura Sánchez-Martín ◽  
Ignacio de Godos ◽  
Pedro Mora ◽  
Bernardo Llamas
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Production Model ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Manure Management ◽  
Generation Model ◽  
Fossil Energy ◽  
Livestock Sector

The population increase and the food demand increase the fight against climate change. Porcine production in Europe continues to increase, and Spain is the leading country in pig production. Manure management has a significant environmental impact that requires anaerobic digestion technologies for its mitigation. This technology helps produce biogas, a fuel that will reduce CO2 emissions. This study defines a distributed biogas generation model, determining the expected incomes from the development of this technology in small manure generation facilities (digestible organic waste). The development of this technology will contribute to reduce the demand for fossil energy and increase revenues by 22.7% regarding the expected revenues from the use of biogas for electricity generation.

Hepatitis C an Ayurvedic approach - A Case Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vidyadhar Balikai ◽  
Prashanth A. S. ◽  
S. G. Chavan
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Weekly Basis ◽  
General Weakness ◽  
Loss Of Appetite

The effect of Gandharva Haritaki, Sudarshana Vati, Arogyavardhini Vati along with Punarnavadi Kashaya were studied clinically on a case of Hepatits - C by modern diagnostic tools with USG Abdomen and Hematological investigations. The review of the patient was done on daily basis in IPD and weekly basis after discharge, the clinical features like loss of appetite, heaviness of abdomen and general weakness were completely subsided during the 2nd month of treatment.

scholarly journals The Effects of Open Space on Reducing Workplace Stress: Case Study of Business Park in the Post-Socialist Urban Setting

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 336
Author(s):  
Jelena Maric ◽  
Djukic Aleksandra ◽  
Branislav Antonic ◽  
Danilo Furundzic ◽  
Vladimir Parezanin
Keyword(s):  
Business Performance ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Workplace Stress ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Stress Levels

Working people spend around 54% of their waking hours at a workplace, according to recent statistics. Work-related stress is unavoidable, and it can damage the health of employees and affect business performance. In this paper, we argue that open space inside the workplace environment can have a positive influence on reducing overall stress levels in all the categories of users. To our knowledge, there is a significant lack of research considering specific business districts and the gated complexes called business parks, especially in post-socialist Eastern European cities, where there they are still a novelty. Empirical research in this study is on the single case study of Business Park “Airport city” in Belgrade, Serbia. Its main focus is on the survey conducted with 235 participants based on a questionnaire, which examines the relation between workplace stress and workplace environments. The findings from the questionnaire show that the frequency, duration, and activity of open space usage influence the stress levels of employees in this specific workplace, while it is not visible relating to their age and gender. Additionally, final implications suggest that improved open space, such as well-expected greenery, but also the urban design non-associative to workspace and the socialization and exercise amenities customized for frequent and short work breaks, can facilitate the overall well-being of employees. They are innovative elements in relatively underdeveloped research on stress measures with open space usage characteristics in the specific (gated) workplace setting.

scholarly journals Sugarcane Bagasse as a Co-Substrate with Oil-Refinery Biological Sludge for Biogas Production Using Batch Mesophilic Anaerobic Co-Digestion Technology: Effect of Carbon/Nitrogen Ratio

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 590
Author(s):  
Aiban Abdulhakim Saeed Ghaleb ◽  
Shamsul Rahman Mohamed Kutty ◽  
Gasim Hayder Ahmed Salih ◽  
Ahmad Hussaini Jagaba ◽  
Azmatullah Noor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Oil Refinery ◽  
Methane Yield ◽  
Oil Refineries ◽  
Biological Sludge

Man-made organic waste leads to the rapid proliferation of pollution around the globe. Effective bio-waste management can help to reduce the adverse effects of organic waste while contributing to the circular economy at the same time. The toxic oily-biological sludge generated from oil refineries’ wastewater treatment plants is a potential source for biogas energy recovery via anaerobic digestion. However, the oily-biological sludge’s carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratio is lower than the ideal 20–30 ratio required by anaerobic digestion technology for biogas production. Sugarcane bagasse can be digested as a high C/N co-substrate while the oily-biological sludge acts as a substrate and inoculum to improve biogas production. In this study, the best C/N with co-substrate volatile solids (VS)/inoculum VS ratios for the co-digestion process of mixtures were determined empirically through batch experiments at temperatures of 35–37 °C, pH (6–8) and 60 rpm mixing. The raw materials were pre-treated mechanically and thermo-chemically to further enhance the digestibility. The best condition for the sugarcane bagasse delignification process was 1% (w/v) sodium hydroxide, 1:10 solid-liquid ratio, at 100 °C, and 150 rpm for 1 h. The results from a 33-day batch anaerobic digestion experiment indicate that the production of biogas and methane yield were concurrent with the increasing C/N and co-substrate VS/inoculum VS ratios. The total biogas yields from C/N 20.0 with co-substrate VS/inoculum VS 0.06 and C/N 30.0 with co-substrate VS/inoculum VS 0.18 ratios were 2777.0 and 9268.0 mL, respectively, including a methane yield of 980.0 and 3009.3 mL, respectively. The biogas and methane yield from C/N 30.0 were higher than the biogas and methane yields from C/N 20.0 by 70.04 and 67.44%, respectively. The highest biogas and methane yields corresponded with the highest C/N with co-substrate VS/inoculum VS ratios (30.0 and 0.18), being 200.6 mL/g VSremoved and 65.1 mL CH4/g VSremoved, respectively.

scholarly journals Biogas potential of organic waste onboard cruise ships — a yet untapped energy source

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Schumüller ◽  
Dirk Weichgrebe ◽  
Stephan Köster
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Cruise Ships ◽  
Detailed Presentation

AbstractTo tap the organic waste generated onboard cruise ships is a very promising approach to reduce their adverse impact on the maritime environment. Biogas produced by means of onboard anaerobic digestion offers a complementary energy source for ships’ operation. This report comprises a detailed presentation of the results gained from comprehensive investigations on the gas yield from onboard substrates such as food waste, sewage sludge and screening solids. Each person onboard generates a total average of about 9 kg of organic waste per day. The performed analyses of substrates and anaerobic digestion tests revealed an accumulated methane yield of around 159 L per person per day. The anaerobic co-digestion of sewage sludge and food waste (50:50 VS) emerged as particularly effective and led to an increased biogas yield by 24%, compared to the mono-fermentation. In the best case, onboard biogas production can provide an energetic output of 82 W/P, on average covering 3.3 to 4.1% of the total energy demand of a cruise ship.

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