scholarly journals Urban resilience to floods in parts of Makassar, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 200 ◽  
pp. 01007
Author(s):  
Meydelin Isani Thoban ◽  
Dyah Rahmawati Hizbaron
Keyword(s):  
Open Space ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Urban System ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Urban Systems ◽  
Warning Systems ◽  
Urban Resilience ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Multi Criteria Evaluation ◽  
The Government

Makassar – the largest and fastest growing area in eastern Indonesia – experienced significant number of damages and losses due to recurrent floods. In early 2019, the flood disaster exposed the urbanized area and inundated 1,658 houses and caused 9,328 impacted population. These figures imply that Makassar needs to create concerted efforts to improve its currently low resilience to floods. This study was designed to assess the urban resilience to floods in Makassar to provide the government with reference for evaluation and identify the most contributing factors to the resilience. In this context, resilience was assessed in four urban systems, namely physical, social, economic, and institutional, in every unit of analysis, i.e., flood-affected districts. The research data included building density, green open space, population density, the number of economically disadvantaged households, community’s subsistence funds, and the availability of early warning systems and disaster emergency stations. The physical, social, economic, institutional, and equal scenarios of resilience were modeled using the Spatial Multi-Criteria Evaluation (SMCE). The results showed that the districts in Makassar were moderately resilient to floods and that the resilience of each urban system shaped the overall resilience. Tamalate and Rappocini sub districts had the lowest resilience values, whereas Manggala was estimated as the most highly resilient district in several scenarios.

PREDICTING FINANCIAL FAILURE OF THE TURKISH BANKS

2006 ◽  
Vol 02 (01) ◽  
pp. 0650005 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. METE DOĞANAY ◽  
NILDAĞ BAŞAK CEYLAN ◽  
RAMAZAN AKTAŞ
Keyword(s):  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Bank Failures ◽  
Warning Systems ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Foreign Investors ◽  
Financial Difficulties ◽  
Financial Failure ◽  
The Government

Banks are the most important financial institutions in Turkey because other financial institutions are not developed efficiently yet. Turkish banks experienced financial difficulties and a substantial amount of banks failed in the past. This event urged the government to initiate measures to prevent banks from getting into financial difficulties. As a result of these measures, Turkish banking system currently seems to be very attractive for the foreign investors willing to invest in this sector. One of the main concerns of the foreign investors is a possibility of a new banking crisis although it is very remote at this time. The purpose of this study is to develop early warning systems predicting the financial failure at least three years ahead of financial failure date. A number of multivariate statistical models such as multiple regression, discriminant analysis, logit, probit are used. We found that the most appropriate model is logit. The significant variables obtained from the models explain very well the causes of the bank failures. Our models can be used to assist interested parties to predict the probability of financial failure of Turkish banks.

“With Deep Regret and Reluctance”

2021 ◽  
pp. 157-207
Author(s):  
James Waller
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Early Warning ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Regime Type ◽  
Warning Systems ◽  
State Legitimacy ◽  
Identity Based ◽  
The Government

On January 9, 2020, a compromise agreement was reached that promised “a fair and balanced basis upon which to restore the institutions” of Northern Ireland’s system of governance. Governance refers, broadly, to the ways in which authority in a country is exercised. How are governments selected, monitored, and replaced? What is the capacity of the government to develop and implement sound policies? To what degree do the citizens respect the state and the institutions that govern them? Nearly all early warning systems for violent conflict include various traits of governance as risk factors. In contemporary Northern Ireland, where politics is now the weapon of choice, this chapter will consider five specific risk factors related to the practice of governance: (1) regime type, (2) state legitimacy deficit, (3) weakness of state structures, (4) identity-based polar factionalism, and (5) systematic state-led discrimination.

scholarly journals Early Warning Systems of Currency Crises: An Empirical Investigation in Vietnam

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (04) ◽  
pp. 97-116
Author(s):  
Anh Vo Thi Thuy ◽  
Anh Tran Nguyen Tram ◽  
Thuy Ha Xuan
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rate ◽  
Early Warning ◽  
Currency Crises ◽  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
Currency Crisis ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Warning Systems ◽  
High Interest Rate ◽  
The Government

Based on the study of Kaminsky and Reinhart (1999), this paper studies and applies early warning systems of currency crises to the case of Vietnam from 1996 to 2014. Its results show that the currency crisis is signaled six times during the observed period. Several principal indicators of the currency crisis in Vietnam include increased import, decreased export, excess real M1 balances, low international reserves and deposit growth, high interest rate and credit growth, high domestic-foreign rate differential, and decreased real output. Hence, the Government and the State Bank of Vietnam should grant appropriate policies not only to control the money supply and interest rate, but also to stimulate the ability of capital mobilization of Vietnam’s banking system and to facilitate export activities in the coming years.

scholarly journals The Impact of Political Stability on the Effectiveness of the Early Warning Systems in Predicting the Financial Crises: The Case of Jordan and Qatar

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 398
Author(s):  
Baker Shnekat ◽  
Ghazi Al-Assaf
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Early Warning ◽  
Financial Crises ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Warning Systems ◽  
Economic Variables ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

The research aims to identify the impact of political stability in determining the effectiveness of early warning systems in predicting financial crises. The research applied a standard descriptive approach.In general, when comparing the two countries before including the model for economic variables the results showed that the nature of the impact of economic variables is different as the index of the financial crisis in Jordan is affected by the import of goods and services while the most influential indicators in the early warning model for the occurrence of the financial crisis in Qatar is the index of exporting goods and services on the basis that the system Qatari financial is very sensitive to the subject of export of gas and oil. Also, the results showed that there is a very significant impact of political stability on the financial crisis, which is greater than the impact of economic indicators, and if the two countries differed in which indicators for political stability have the greatest impact on the occurrence of the financial crisis, in Jordan the most influential indicator was the government effectiveness variable in Qatar, the regulatory quality index was the most influential.

The Influence of Mentawai Tsunami to Public Policy on Tsunami Warning in Indonesia

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pariatmono ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Careful Examination ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Warning Systems ◽  
Tsunami Early Warning ◽  
Warning Message ◽  
Future Events ◽  
The Government ◽  
Tsunami Early Warning Systems

The tsunami on October 25, 2010, in Mentawai is examined in this paper. In particular, since the Indonesia Tsunami Early Warning Systems (InaTEWS) has already been operational, careful examination of its effectiveness are made, followed by suggestions for the development of a public policy, which needs to be adopted by the Government of Indonesia. The investigation started with a detailed explanation of InaTEWS, its components, and its performance indicators. For the Mentawai case, a new management approach concerning the research visa permits was taken, which will be adopted for future events. Several points for improvement are identified, such as developing the warning message contents to include estimate time arrivals and wave height and performing systematic culture components. All the improvements were adopted in the Presidential Instruction to serve as a strong legal basis for a public policy.

scholarly journals Policy Direction for AHP-Based Disaster Mitigation Education the Post Eruption of Dempo Volcano in Pagar Alam City - Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
pp. 39-43
Keyword(s):  
Early Warning ◽  
Disaster Preparedness ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Disaster Mitigation ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Warning Systems ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The Government ◽  
Hazard Level ◽  
Policy Direction

This research is backed by the lack of attention of the government in the world of education against the risk of Post eruption of Dempo volcano in Pagar Alam City in the form of preparation and socialization of disaster mitigation measures, evacuation pathways provided, early warning systems in the volcano disaster-prone areas. On the other hand, with disaster preparedness, damage and victim numbers can be minimized. The purpose of this research is to formulate a priority referral education mitigation of the eruption of post-eruption of Dempo volcano. Data collection using relevant interviews, observations and information collection. Then the data is grouped by hazard level criteria, vulnerabilities, and risks that may arise. Data is processed with assessment and analysis with the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Research findings suggest that the priorities of disaster mitigation education of post-eruption of Dempo volcano are as follows: the measurable and periodical aspects of training and disaster simulation (0.832), coordination and cooperation in anticipating disasters of (0.813), human resources amounting to (0.801), routes and evacuation sites amounting to (0.799), and early warning systems of (0.795).

scholarly journals FUZZY DISCRETIZATION TECHNIQUE FOR BAYESIAN FLOOD DISASTER MODEL

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nor Idayu Ahmad Azami ◽  
Nooraini Yusoff ◽  
Ku Ruhana Ku-Mahamud
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Management ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Discretization Method ◽  
Warning Systems ◽  
Correlation Model ◽  
Flood Model ◽  
Discretization Technique ◽  
The Government ◽  
Characteristic Area ◽  
Data Discretization

The use of Bayesian Networks in the domain of disaster management has proven its efficiency in developing the disaster model and has been widely used to represent the logical relationships between variables. Prior to modelling the correlation between the flood factors, it was necessary to discretize the continuous data due to the weakness of the Bayesian Network to handle such variables. Therefore, this paper aimed to propose a data discretization technique and compare the existing discretization techniques to produce a spatial correlation model. In particular, the main contribution of this paper was to propose a fuzzy discretization method for the Bayesian-based flood model. The performance of the model is based on precision, recall, F-measure, and the receiver operating characteristic area. The experimental results demonstrated that the fuzzy discretization method provided the best measurements for the correlation model. Consequently, the proposed fuzzy discretization technique facilitated the data input for the flood model and was able to help the researchers in developing effective early warning systems in the future. In addition, the results of correlation were prominent in disaster management to provide reference that may help the government, planners, and decision-makers to perform actions and mitigate flood events.

scholarly journals A review of disasters in Jammu and Kashmir, and Ladakh region in India

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangram Kishor Patel ◽  
Ankit Nanda ◽  
Govind Singh ◽  
Sunita Patel
Keyword(s):  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Warning Systems ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
Jammu And Kashmir ◽  
The People ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Government ◽  
Resilience Mechanisms ◽  
The Impact

India has always been a disaster-prone country, with multiple states afflicted by different types of disasters. The impact of these disasters is exacerbated when an area is prone to multiple types of disasters. This study attempts to understand the impact of natural and man-made disasters on the people of Jammu and Kashmir (J&K) and Ladakh region in India as well as it also examines the resilience mechanisms adopted by the people, and identifies measures taken by the government in response to these disasters. To understand these disasters’ dynamics, we conducted both offline and online desk reviews for this study. The review suggests that J&K and Ladakh region is afflicted not only by multiple natural disasters such as floods, earthquakes, avalanches, and landslides but also by the terrorism and violence, which has caused unparalleled death and destruction. These natural and man-made disasters have adversely affected most aspects of life and development in the region. To mitigate the risks, effective disaster risk reduction and management systems, early warning systems and infrastructure need to be strengthened. In addition, community engagement needs to be enhanced with the goal of addressing the grievances of the population and engaging them in the design and implementation of sustainable development programs.

Lightning fatalities and injuries in Nepal

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Basanta Raj Adhikari
Keyword(s):  
Economic Loss ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Warning Systems ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Nepal Himalaya ◽  
Loss And Damage ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
The Government

AbstractThe lightning hazard is one of the devastating hazards in Nepal due to a large amount of atmospheric water vapor coming from the Indian Ocean and a large orographic lifting of this moist air. In 2019, a total of 2884 people were affected with loss of 110982 USD and the fatality was highest (94) in reported lightning events in reported lightning events since 1971. The long-term analysis of this hazard is very scanty in Nepal. Therefore, this study analyzes lightning fatality events, fatality rates, and economic loss from 1971 to 2019 collected from Desinventar dataset and the Disaster Risk Reduction portal of the Government of Nepal using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and Geographical Information System (ArcGIS) tools. The analysis shows that the overall countrywide lightning fatality rate of the entire period is 1.77 per million per year. The district lightning fatality rates range from 0.10 to 4.83 per million people per year and the Bhaktapur district has the highest fatality density (0.067). Furthermore, there were altogether 2501 lightning fatality events where 1927 people lost their lives and 20569 people were affected. The increase in lightning fatality events in recent years is due to internet penetration and other measures of information gathering that results in lightning fatality reports reaching agencies collecting information. The high and low concentration of loss and damage are mainly due to geographic distribution, population density, and economic activities. This study recommends the establishment of Lightning Early Warning Systems in the Nepal Himalaya to save life and property.

The CARE Telematics Network for the Surveillance of Influenza in Europe

1995 ◽  
Vol 34 (05) ◽  
pp. 518-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Bensadon ◽  
A. Strauss ◽  
R. Snacken
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Early Warning ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Warning Systems ◽  
Surveillance Networks ◽  
Spanish Flu ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
National Networks ◽  
First Time

Abstract:Since the 1950s, national networks for the surveillance of influenza have been progressively implemented in several countries. New epidemiological arguments have triggered changes in order to increase the sensitivity of existent early warning systems and to strengthen the communications between European networks. The WHO project CARE Telematics, which collects clinical and virological data of nine national networks and sends useful information to public health administrations, is presented. From the results of the 1993-94 season, the benefits of the system are discussed. Though other telematics networks in this field already exist, it is the first time that virological data, absolutely essential for characterizing the type of an outbreak, are timely available by other countries. This argument will be decisive in case of occurrence of a new strain of virus (shift), such as the Spanish flu in 1918. Priorities are now to include other existing European surveillance networks.

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