scholarly journals Cognitive models of social integration processes

2020 ◽  
Vol 210 ◽  
pp. 15010
Author(s):  
Mikhail Rozin ◽  
Valery Svechkarev ◽  
Zhanna Tumakova ◽  
Olga Popkova
Keyword(s):  
Social Integration ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Social Reproduction ◽  
Cognitive Model ◽  
Growth Cycle ◽  
Social Solidarity ◽  
Long Term Effect ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Relationship

This article provides an overview of the rationale behind the social integration processes research. It identifies analytical advantages of the cognitive modelling that are based on the conceptual connections existing in the model architecture and convey dynamics of its operation through their causality. This article demonstrates that the cognitive model of the vertical and horizontal social integration ensures consistent social solidarity, however, it does not allow to accelerate the pace of the social integration processes and thus maintains societal anomie in the process of social reproduction. We propose the cognitive model of sustainable development of social reproduction based on empathy and social cohesion accelerators. Integration procedures in this model result from structural organization of the relationship between the primary social reproduction circuit and auxiliary circuits as well as from activating the mechanisms of dynamic interference between the named circuits. Each auxiliary circuit with positive feedback (growth cycle) is fitted with the social cohesion accelerator (growth factor) that ensures targeted amplification of the empathic potential in a given cycle, while all cycles together contribute to a continued long-term effect of the empathic potential amplification required for stable social reproduction in society.

Hours of Paid Work and Volunteering: Evidence From Danish Panel Data

2021 ◽  
pp. 089976402199166
Author(s):  
Hans-Peter Y. Qvist
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Social Integration ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Time Constraint ◽  
Integration Theory ◽  
Paid Work ◽  
Constraint Theory ◽  
The Social ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Relationship

The nature of the relationship between the time people spend on paid work and volunteering remains debated in the social sciences. Time constraint theory suggests a negative relationship because people can allocate only as much time to volunteering as their work responsibilities permit. However, social integration theory suggests a more complex inverse U-shaped relationship because paid work not only limits people’s free time but also plays a key role in their social integration. Departing from these competing theories, this study uses two-wave panel data from Denmark to examine the relationship between hours of paid work and volunteering. In support of time constraint theory, the results suggest that hours of paid work have a significant negative effect on the total number of hours that people spend volunteering, not mainly because paid work hours affect people’s propensity to volunteer but because they affect the number of hours that volunteers contribute.

scholarly journals Language in social reproduction: Sociolinguistics and sociosemiotics

2009 ◽  
Vol 37 (1/2) ◽  
pp. 43-81
Author(s):  
Patrizia Calefato
Keyword(s):  
Social Reproduction ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Sixties ◽  
Roman Jakobson ◽  
New Type ◽  
General Linguistics ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship

This paper focuses on the semiotic foundations of sociolinguistics. Starting from the definition of “sociolinguistics” given by the philosopher Adam Schaff, the paper examines in particular the notion of “critical sociolinguistics” as theorized by the Italian semiotician Ferruccio Rossi-Landi. The basis of the social dimension of language are to be found in what Rossi-Landi calls “social reproduction” which regards both verbal and non-verbal signs. Saussure’s notion of langue can be considered in this way, with reference not only to his Course of General Linguistics, but also to his Harvard Manuscripts.The paper goes on trying also to understand Roland Barthes’s provocative definition of semiology as a part of linguistics (and not vice-versa) as well as developing the notion of communication-production in this perspective. Some articles of Roman Jakobson of the sixties allow us to reflect in a manner which we now call “socio-semiotic” on the processes of transformation of the “organic” signs into signs of a new type, which articulate the relationship between organic and instrumental. In this sense, socio-linguistics is intended as being sociosemiotics, without prejudice to the fact that the reference area must be human, since semiotics also has the prerogative of referring to the world of non-human vital signs.Socio-linguistics as socio-semiotics assumes the role of a “frontier” science, in the dual sense that it is not only on the border between science of language and the anthropological and social sciences, but also that it can be constructed in a movement of continual “crossing frontiers” and of “contamination” between languages and disciplinary environments.

scholarly journals MEASURING THE EFFICIENCY OF SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP

2020 ◽  
pp. 193-198
Author(s):  
A. N. Timokhovich ◽  
O. I. Nikuradze
Keyword(s):  
Social Entrepreneurship ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Social Value ◽  
Social Entrepreneurs ◽  
Long Term Effect ◽  
The Social ◽  
Common Problems ◽  
Definition Of

The problems of measuring the efficiency of social entrepreneurship have been affected. The aim of the study is to identify the most relevant methods for measuring social value and evaluating the effects that arise as a result of the activities of social organizations. Various interpretations of the definition of the term “social entrepreneurship” have been given in the article. The main elements of the process of social entrepreneurship, features of the goal setting and risks of activities in the study area have been emphasized. The stages of planning activities in the field of social entrepreneurship have been described. The most common problems of measurements and evaluation of social effects that social entrepreneurs have to deal with in the process of carrying out activities related to the implementation of social projects: difficulty in achieving a quantitative evaluation, difficulty in predicting the long-term effect of activities, limitations on costs, time resources, indicators of accuracy and interpretation of results have been revealed. Problems in forecasting the effectiveness of social projects have been identified. The main methods that can be used by social entrepreneurs and organizations for measuring the social value and assessing impact of ongoing activities (method of cost-benefit analysis, method of social accounting, method of social return on investment, method of analysis of the main resources of efficiency) have been analysed. Recommendations for social entrepreneurs have been formulated.

scholarly journals Duše předmětu a tělo modlitby aneb zkoumání sociologických nejistot na případu Sóka Gakkai International

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-69
Author(s):  
Petra Tlčimuková
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Network Theory ◽  
Actor Network Theory ◽  
Sociology Of Religion ◽  
Black Boxes ◽  
The Social ◽  
Soka Gakkai ◽  
The Relationship

This case study presents the results of long-term original ethnographic research on the international Buddhist organization Soka Gakkai International (SGI). It focuses on the relationship between the material and immaterial and deals with the question of how to study them in the sociology of religion. The analysis builds upon the critique of the modernist paradigm and related research of religion in the social sciences as presented by Harman, Law and Latour. The methodology draws on the approach of Actor-Network Theory as presented by Bruno Latour, and pursues object-oriented ethnography, for the sake of which the concept of iconoclash is borrowed. This approach is applied to the research which focused on the key counterparts in the Buddhist praxis of SGI ‒ the phrase daimoku and the scroll called Gohonzon. The analysis deals mainly with the sources of sociological uncertainties related to the agency of the scroll. It looks at the processes concerning the establishing and dissolving of connections among involved elements, it opens up the black-boxes and proposes answers to the question of new conceptions of the physical as seen through Gohonzon.

scholarly journals Trade Unions, Migrant Workers, and Racial Discrimination in Italy in Times of Economic Crisis

Two Homelands ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Della Puppa
Keyword(s):  
Social Integration ◽  
Racial Discrimination ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Relationship

Trade unions have a crucial role in the social integration processes of migrants. Nevertheless, some aspects of this relationship are still relatively unexplored, particularly that of the relationship between trade unions and racism and that of the trade unions’ fight against racial discrimination. This paper aims to investigate the still partially unexplored link between Italian trade unions and racial discrimination within the framework of the 2008 economic crisis. Through the narratives of stakeholders, trade unions, and migrant workers, the author provides an in-depth look at the efforts of Italian trade unions to fight discrimination and examines the main barriers that prevent migrants from being involved in unions.

Neurobiological and psychosomatic aspects of infertility in women

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
N. N. Stenyaeva ◽  
D. F. Chritinin
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Medicine ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
The Social ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Psychosomatic Aspects ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
The Relationship

In recent years, ideas about the regulation of the autonomic functions of the human body and the psychosomatic effects of sex hormones have expanded significantly. Dysregulation of the HPG-axis is involved in the pathogenesis of a number of stressassociated mental illnesses. Infertility and its long-term treatment is characterized by a long-term impact on patients of various stressful factors. Reproductive medicine has now made impressive advances in biotechnology. Reproductive medicine has now achieved impressive success due to the revolutionary development of biotechnologies. Nevertheless, a significant number of couples have to struggle unsuccessfully with infertility for many years, and the social consequences of this are extremely significant for the family and society as a whole. Taking into account the relationship between the mental and somatic health of infertile women, greater attention of clinicians to the mental sphere of patients, providing forced childless couples with the necessary psychological and psychiatric care will reduce stress during infertility treatment and increase patient satisfaction.

Spanish Imperial Vassalage and the Social Reproduction of Slavery in Colonial Cuba

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-285
Author(s):  
Karen Y. Morrison
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Political Economy ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
Social Reproduction ◽  
Private Property ◽  
Spanish America ◽  
Private Property Rights ◽  
Center Point ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract With the social reproduction of slavery in colonial Cuba as its center point, this essay draws on the recent historiographical acknowledgment of the way vassalage mediated the often starkly drawn social distinctions between whites and enslaved people within colonial Spanish America. Inside the region’s emergent, capitalist political economy, feudal vassalage continued to define each social sector’s rights and responsibilities vis-á-vis the Spanish Crown. The rights of enslaved vassals derived from their potential contributions to the Spanish monarchy’s imperial survival, in their capacity to populate the extensive empire with loyal Catholic subjects and potential military defenders. These concerns also justified the Spanish monarchial state’s ability to intervene between its slaveholding vassals and its enslaved vassals, by limiting private property rights over enslaved people and operating in ways that did not fully conform to capitalist profit motives. Awareness of such sovereign-vassal interdependencies challenges historians to broaden their understanding of the relationship between capitalism and slavery to include the remnants of feudal social-political forms, even into the nineteenth century.

scholarly journals Early maternal loss affects social integration of chimpanzees throughout their lifetime

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elfriede Kalcher-Sommersguter ◽  
Signe Preuschoft ◽  
Cornelia Franz-Schaider ◽  
Charlotte K. Hemelrijk ◽  
Karl Crailsheim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Integration ◽  
Psychosocial Functioning ◽  
Social Deprivation ◽  
Causal Explanation ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Maternal Loss ◽  
Adverse Experiences ◽  
Group Life ◽  
The Social

Abstract The long-term effects of early adverse experiences on later psychosocial functioning are well described in humans, but sparsely documented for chimpanzees. In our earlier studies, we investigated the effects of maternal and social deprivation on three groups of ex-laboratory chimpanzees who experienced either an early or later onset of long-term deprivation. Here we expand our research by adding data on subjects that came from two stable zoo groups. The groups comprised of early maternally deprived wild-caught chimpanzees and non-deprived zoo-born chimpanzees. We found that compared to zoo chimpanzees, ex-laboratory chimpanzees were more restricted regarding their association partners in the newly formed groups, but not during their second year of group-life, indicating that social stability has an important influence on the toleration of association partners close-by. Social grooming activity, however, was impaired in early long-term deprived ex-laboratory chimpanzees as well as in early maternally deprived zoo chimpanzees compared to non-deprived zoo chimpanzees. Thus, we conclude that early maternal loss has lifelong effects on the social integration of chimpanzees which becomes evident in their grooming networks. Although the retrospective nature of our study prevents a clear causal explanation, our results are of importance for understanding the development of social competence in chimpanzees.

Undergraduate Rehabilitation Accreditation as a Tool in the Social Justice Movement

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-333
Author(s):  
Penny Pears Willmering
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Professional Identity ◽  
Curriculum Standards ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Social ◽  
New Curriculum ◽  
Financial Challenges ◽  
The Relationship

Accreditation of undergraduate rehabilitation education (URE) programs is a tool to further the cause of social justice. In addition to supporting this statement, this article explores the relationship between URE, accreditation curriculum, and the training of graduates to facilitate justice for all members of society. The social justice struggle for accreditation equity for URE is reviewed, as well as continued threats to accreditation, and the need for consistent professional identity and nomenclature. The new accreditation curriculum standards and their attention to social justice concepts is discussed. Accreditation advantages and disadvantages as they relate to justice are offered. Advantages include the strength of consistency of curriculum, while disadvantages involve leaning toward homogenization of the course of study, and a threat of return to a paternalistic view of consumers. In addition, financial challenges presented by the pandemic to URE programs is discussed, along with a strategy to address those issues. An analysis of advantages and disadvantages to accreditation as it relates to social justice and consumers reveals that benefits far outweigh potential issues. Further, short-term and long-term strategies to address threats to accreditation, challenges to consistent names for the profession, its graduates and professional scope, and a stratagem to address nomenclature is offered. Finally, strategies to strengthen the new curriculum to reflect current day understanding of social justice are presented. The country has awakened to social justice issues, and is time that intentional curriculum, driven by accreditation, trains graduates to become social justice advocates and allies.

scholarly journals Welfare States and Social Cohesion in Europe: Does Social Service Quality Matter?

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
RHYS ANDREWS ◽  
SEBASTIAN JILKE
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Social Service ◽  
Service Provision ◽  
Services Quality ◽  
Welfare States ◽  
Social Solidarity ◽  
Economic Strain ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Eu

AbstractIn this article, the authors evaluate whether the provision of good quality social services has the potential to create social cohesion. In addition to examining the relationship between social services and social cohesion, the authors expand institutional theories of social capital by investigating whether this potential for building social solidarity may be resilient to the corrosive effects of economic strain. Multilevel analyses of variations in the perceptions of social cohesion amongst Europeans were conducted for 27 member countries of the EU using the Eurobarometer 74.1 on poverty and social exclusion from 2010. The results suggest that individuals receiving better quality social service provision perceived higher levels of social cohesion within the country in which they live. By contrast, individuals living in households experiencing economic strain perceived lower levels of cohesion. Further analysis revealed that the experience of economic strain does not weaken the positive relationship between social services quality and perceptions of cohesion.

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