The design of slow sand filter with a media of silica sand and granular activated carbon to eliminate iron, manganese, and fecal coliform contents for the Faculty of Nursing in Universitas Indonesia’s CWPS

The Faculty of Nursing of Universitas Indonesia in Depok uses groundwater as the source of clean water in a large amount: 2.115.240 liters in 2018 and 22.010.960 liters in 2019. One of the alternatives for reducing groundwater use is to utilize surface water in the surrounding area of the campus, such as Lake Agathis. For the lake water to be used as the source of clean water, it needs to be processed first using a clean water provision system (CWPS). The CWPS is designed to contain two slow sand filter units, with the media consisting of 60 cm-thick silica sand and 40 cm-thick granular activated carbon in each unit. The CWPS is also equipped with one unit of shore intake, two units of suction well, one transmission duct, one unit of disinfectant and reservoir, and two filter media cleaning units. Based on a literature review from several journals and the results from this experiment, the designed slow sand filter with the previously determined thickness can reduce iron contents by 95,07%, manganese contents by 97,09%, and fecal coliform contents by 99%. The designed CWPS can serve the needs of clean water of the faculty described before with a debit of 3,8 L/s until the year 2042.

Download Full-text

Pengujian Filter Fisik (Slow Sand Filter) Untuk Menurunkan Kadar Pestisida Golongan Organoklorin

SoilREns ◽

10.24198/soilrens.v15i1.13339 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Siska Rasiska ◽

Aditya Bintan Pratama ◽

Fitri Widiantini

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Experimental Design ◽

Organochlorine Pesticide ◽

Plant Protection ◽

Silica Sand ◽

Pesticide Level ◽

Filter Media ◽

Sand Filter ◽

Slow Sand Filter ◽

Sand And Gravel

Organochlorine pesticide is one of the pesticide that has high persistency and toxic. One of the attempt to degrade organochlorine pesticide using cheaper and easier way is using the slow sand filter technology. The research aimed to test the slow sand filter and to obtain the best filter media combination for degrading organochlorine pesticide. The experiment was conducted at the Laboratory of Pesticide and Toxicology, Laboratory of Plant Protection Biotechnology and Laboratory of Chemical and Soil Fertility, Faculty of Agriculutre, Padjadjaran Univeristy from December 2016 – May 2017. The experimental design used the observative and descriptive design with 8 treatments and repeated twice. P1 (activated carbon and gravel), P2 (sand and gravel), P3 (silica sand and gravel), P4 (activated carbon and zeolite), P5 (sand and zeolite), P6 (silica sand and zeolite), P7 (activated carbon, silica sand and zeolite), P8 (activated carbon, sand and gravel). The result showed that all treatments of slow sand filter were able to degrade organochlorine pesticide and the best filter media combination was from P7 with ability to degrade the pesticide level by 82,86%.Key words: slow sand filter, activated carbon, silica sand, sand, gravel, zeolite

Download Full-text

Analysis of Clean Water Treatment with Slow Sand Filter Using Beach Sand and Quartz Sand

Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan Lahan Basah ◽

10.26418/jtllb.v9i2.47639 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 072

Author(s):

Bintang Saptanty Artidarma ◽

Laili Fitria ◽

Hendri Sutrisno

Keyword(s):

River Water ◽

Quartz Sand ◽

Total Coliform ◽

Silica Sand ◽

Beach Sand ◽

Clean Water ◽

Sand Filters ◽

Sand Filter ◽

Before And After ◽

Slow Sand Filter

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to analyze the quality of Kapuas River water before and after processing and to analyze the comparative effectiveness of beach sand and quartz sand in slow sand filters with the thickness is 110 cm for processing Kapuas River water. The research method that used is the down flow method. The parameters that measured were pH, Turbidity, TDS, Organic Substances, Fe, and Total Coliform. The initial pH parameter is 5.6 and the results of filtering with beach sand 1, beach sand 2, silica sand 1, and silica sand 2 are 7; 6.9; 7,1; 6.9. The initial turbidity parameter was 35.2 and the filtering result are 1.21; 1.7; 16.0; 2.87. The initial TDS parameter was 122.4 and the filtering result was 90.5; 88.1; 127.5; 80.5. The initial Organic Substance parameter was 102.71 and the result after filtering was 77.92; 63.82; 98.99; 98.17. Keywords: beach sand, clean water, slow sand filter, quartz sand AbstrakTujuan Penelitian ini untuk menganalisa kualitas Air Sungai Kapuas sebelum maupun sesudah pengolahan dan menganalisa perbandingan efektivitas pasir pantai dan pasir kuarsa pada Saringan Pasir Lambat (SPL) dengan ketebalan 110 cm dalam mengolah air Sungai Kapuas. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode down flow. Parameter yang diukur adalah pH, Kekeruhan, TDS, Zat Organik, Kadar Fe, dan Total Coliform. Parameter pH awal 5,6 dan hasil penyaringan dengan pasir pantai 1, pasir pantai 2, pasir silika 1, dan pasir silika 2 adalah 7; 6,9; 7,1; 6,9. Parameter Kekeruhan awal 35,2 dan hasil penyaringan adalah 1,21; 1,7; 16,0; 2,87. Parameter TDS awal 122,4 dan hasil penyaringan adalah 90,5; 88,1; 127,5; 80,5. Parameter Zat Organik awal 102,71 dan hasil penyaringan adalah 77,92; 63,82; 98,99; 98,17. Kata Kunci: air bersih, pasir kuarsa, pasir pantai, saringan pasir lambat

Download Full-text

EFEKTIVITAS MEDIA FILTER DALAM MENURUNKAN TSS DAN LOGAM Fe PADA AIR SUMUR GALI

Jukung (Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan) ◽

10.20527/jukung.v5i2.7313 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Euis Nurul Hidayah ◽

Shofi Nasyi'atul Hikmah ◽

Muhammad Firdaus Kamal

Keyword(s):

Total Suspended Solid ◽

Suspended Solid ◽

Daily Activities ◽

Well Water ◽

Filter Media ◽

Screening Process ◽

Sand Filter ◽

Percentage Decrease ◽

Slow Sand Filter ◽

The Media

Masyarakat Desa Tambak Rejo, Kecamatan Waru, Kabupaten Sidoarjo, masih mengunakan air sumur sebagai kebutuhan sehari-hari. Air sumur perlu dilakukan pengolahan agar layak dikonsumsi dengan menggunakan berbagai jenis media melalui proses filtrasi. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui pengaruh jenis media terhadap penurunan TSS dan logam Fe yang terkandung pada air sumur gali dengan single media filter. Reaktor yang digunakan yaitu slow sand filter dengan aliran down flow kecepatan 0,4 m/jam. Parameter yang diuji adalah Total Suspended Solid (TSS) dan logam Fe. Variasi dalam penelitian ini yaitu jenis dan ketinggian media filter. Media yang digunakan yaitu pecahan gerabah, pasir bancar, dan manganese greensand dengan ketinggian media 20 dan 30 cm. Sampel yang digunakan adalah air sumur gali daerah Tambak Rejo, Waru Sidoarjo. Analisis TSS dengan metode Gravimetri dan Fe dengan Spektrofotometri. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukan media pasir bancar mampu bekerja lebih baik daripada media yang lainnya. Persentase penurunan konsentrasi TSS pada ketinggian 20 dan 30 cm sebesar 76,92% dan 80,00% dan penurunan konsentrasi Fe pada ketinggian 20 dan 30 cm sebesar 80,00% dan 84,19%. Hal ini menunjukan bahwa variasi jenis dan ketinggian media berpengaruh terhadap penurunan konsentrasi TSS dan Fe. Air yang dihasilkan telah memenuhi baku mutu air bersih sehingga aman untuk memenuhi kebutuhan rumah tangga. Kata kunci: Fe, pasir bancar, pecahan gerabah, manganese greensand, total suspended solidThe citizen of Tambak Rejo Village, Waru District, Sidoarjo Regency, still use well water as their daily activities. Well water needs to be processed so that it is suitable for consumption by using various types of media through the screening process. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of the type of media in decrease TSS and Fe contained in well water dug with a single media filter. The reactor used is a slow sand filter with a downflow speed of 0.4 m/hour. The parameters tested were Total Suspended Solid (TSS) and Fe. Variations in this study are the type and height of the filter media. The media used are pottery fragments, bancar sand, and manganese greensand with media heights of 20 and 30 cm. The sample used was well water dug in the area of Tambak Rejo Village, Waru District, Sidoarjo Regency. TSS analysis with Gravimetric and Fe methods with Spectrophotometry. The results obtained show that bancar sand media is able to work better than other media. The percentage decrease in TSS concentration at the height of 20 and 30 cm was 76.92% and 80.00% and a decrease in Fe concentration at the height of 20 and 30 cm was 80.00% and 84.19%.This shows that variations in the type and height of the media influence the decrease in TSS and Fe concentrations. The water produced meets the quality standards of clean water so it is safe to meet daily activities. Keywords: Fe, bancar sand, pottery fragments, manganese greensand, total suspended solid

Download Full-text

Adsorption and desorption of perchloroethylene in soils, peat moss, and granular activated carbon

Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering ◽

10.1139/l89-123 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 16 (6) ◽

pp. 798-806 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Richard Zytner ◽

Nihar Biswas ◽

Jatinder K. Bewtra

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Granular Activated Carbon ◽

Freundlich Isotherm ◽

Peat Moss ◽

Organic Carbon Content ◽

Dry Cleaning ◽

Desorption Process ◽

The Media ◽

Desorption Isotherms ◽

Adsorption Desorption

Studies were conducted to evaluate the adsorption–desorption isotherms of a common dry cleaning solvent, perchloroethylene (PCE), in soils, peat moss, and granular activated carbon. The results obtained followed the Freundlich Isotherm, and the organic carbon content of the media was the most significant controlling factor in the adsorption–desorption process. The peat moss exhibited the highest residual saturation concentration for pure PCE amongst all the media tested. The desorption studies indicated that PCE had medium mobility in soil and was not significantly affected by moderate changes in pH. Key words: adsorption, desorption, Freundlich Isotherm, granular activated carbon, peat moss, perchloroethylene, soils.

Download Full-text

Teknologi pengolahan air gambut menjadi air bersih dengan sistem koagulan dan filtrasi di Desa Buluh Cina, Kecamatan Siak Hulu, Kampar

Unri Conference Series: Community Engagement ◽

10.31258/unricsce.1.325-332 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 ◽

pp. 325-332

Author(s):

Juandi Juandi M ◽

Usman Malik ◽

Salomo Salomo ◽

Antonius Surbakti

Keyword(s):

Ph Value ◽

Organic Content ◽

Clean Water ◽

Sand Filters ◽

Sand Filter ◽

Optimal Filtration ◽

Slow Sand Filter ◽

Service Activity ◽

Water Ph ◽

Filtration Technology

The abundant peat water in Buluh Cina Village, Siak Hulu Subdistrict, Kampar is a natural potential that can be used for cooking and bathing purposes by processing peat water into clean water that is suitable for consumption. The purpose of this service activity is to treat peat water into clean water. The method used in this service activity is using coagulant and filtration technology. The optimal filtration and coagulant media used for peat water treatment consists of biosand filters with two media namely pumice and quartz sand. The dedication results reduce turbidity and color of peat water and reduce organic content, so that peat water is processed into clean drinking water. The lowest pH value before filtering is equal to 5.93 and the highest pH is found before filtering which is 6.23. This means that before filtering peat water is weak acidic. The lowest sample results after filtration with a slow sand filter that is equal to 6.42 and the highest pH after filtration of 7.5, which means that water is weakly basic. A good pH limit for water is 6.5 to 8.5 so this service proves that slow sand filters are considered effective enough to optimize water pH. Total dissolved solids (TDS) is one of the parameters for determining water quality, TDS shows the amount of solute solids in water. The result of peat water TDS is that the lowest TDS value before filtration is 46 mg / L and the highest TDS is found before filtering which is 49 mg/L. The lowest sample results after filtration with slow sand filter is 49 mg / L and the highest TDS after filtering is 83 mg/L.

Download Full-text

Slow Sand Filter untuk Pengolahan Air di Desa Pekauman Ulu, Kalimantan Selatan

Jurnal Pengabdian ILUNG (Inovasi Lahan Basah Unggul) ◽

10.20527/ilung.v1i2.4056 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 73

Author(s):

Nafisah Nafisah ◽

Nafia Fitrawati ◽

Risaldi Ridwan ◽

Fathul Jannah ◽

Puspita Jamilah Rahimah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Community Development ◽

Development Program ◽

Daily Activities ◽

Clean Water ◽

Populated Area ◽

Sand Filter ◽

The People ◽

Slow Sand Filter ◽

Simple Technology ◽

Unpleasant Smell

Pekauman Ulu Village is one of the villages crossed by the Martapura river, where the water is used by the people of this village for their daily activities. Pekauman Ulu Village is a densely populated area which is flooded every year. The water is very turbid with an unpleasant smell, and consuming this water often makes some people get diarrhea. Thus, a simple technology is needed to treat this river water into clean water. This activity aims to build Slow Sand Filter (SSF) units as a means of providing clean water for people in Pekauman Ulu Village. The activity is conducted in three parts: initial dissemination, training, and evaluation. Based on the survey done to the people joining the training, 95.25% of the people said that they were satisfied with the water being treated by SSF. As for the performance of the SSF itself, turbidity measurement of water samples showed that the turbidity of water filtered by the SSF unit reduced from an average of 41.7 NTU to 2.3 NTU. It can be concluded that this community development program has successfully addressed the need for clean water for people in Pekauman Ulu Village.

Download Full-text

The Price of Really Clean Water: Combining Nanofiltration with Granular Activated Carbon and Anion Exchange Resins for the Removal of Per- And Polyfluoralkyl Substances (PFASs) in Drinking Water Production

ACS ES&T Water ◽

10.1021/acsestwater.0c00141 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Vera Franke ◽

Malin Ullberg ◽

Philip McCleaf ◽

Maria Wålinder ◽

Stephan J. Köhler ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Activated Carbon ◽

Anion Exchange ◽

Granular Activated Carbon ◽

Clean Water ◽

Water Production ◽

Anion Exchange Resins ◽

Drinking Water Production ◽

Exchange Resins

Download Full-text

EFEKTIFITAS PENAMBAHAN MEDIA GEOTEKSTIL PADA SARINGAN PASIR LAMBAT TERHADAP PENYISIHAN PARAMETER KEKERUHAN, JUMLAH COLI DAN COD

Jurnal Teknosains ◽

10.22146/teknosains.31917 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 114

Author(s):

Yustika Kusumawardani ◽

Widi Astuti

Keyword(s):

Continuous Flow ◽

Flow System ◽

Surface Structures ◽

Raw Water ◽

Sand Filters ◽

Turbidity Removal ◽

Sand Filter ◽

Slow Sand Filter ◽

The Media ◽

Number Of Bacteria

Slow sand filter processing is done by separating raw contaminant water which is passed slowly on sand. Fluctuating raw water quality resulted in the schmutzdecke layer not growing optimally. Therefore, it is needed media that help the performance of the sand filter. One of the media used is geotextile. The geotextile is useful as a medium to optimize the growth of microorganisms in the schmutzdecke layer. Geotextiles have similar surface structures such as sand filters as well as their pores. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of adding geotextiles in reducing turbidity parameters, number of coli and COD. This study used slow sand filter reactor with a continuous flow system of 0.3 m3 / m2.jam for 7 days. Based on the research, the addition of geotextile media is quite effective and can improve the performance of slow sand filter. Percentage of turbidity removal reached 94.27%, coli 99.40% and COD 92.85%. COD values tend to be dynamic as raw water conditions. Geotextiles is quite helpful in growing a layer of schmutzdecke because the structure resembles sand so as to increase the number of bacteria bed filters.

Download Full-text