Exploring in vitro release and digestion of commercial DHA microcapsules from algae oil and tuna oil with whey protein and casein as wall materials

Microencapsulation is a promising technique to improve bioavailability and mask unpleasant smell of DHA oils. Yet, how the encapsulated DHA oils are ‘released’ and ‘digested’ within the gastrointestinal tract (GIT)...

Analysis of technical solutions of stacks in high-rise buildings

Nowadays, due to the maximum use of building lands, high-rise buildings in the cities are coming to the forefront of construction. A high-rise building is a building that, due to its height, requires a different technical, technological and structural design. Due to the increasing floors of buildings, more and more demands are placed on sanitary installations in terms of hygiene and quality of distribution. With the drainage in a high-rise building, the biggest problem arises in the design of stacks, which must be given individual attention. Foul water stacks must be designed in such a way that the overpressure and negative pressure created in them do not cause the extraction of water from traps and thus the spread of unpleasant smell in the building. Fluctuations in the pressure in stacks are influenced by many other factors, such as the method of venting of the stack, the fitting used on the stack, or the transition of the stack to the drain. When dimensioning stacks in addition to the correct design, it is also necessary to use a suitable system, which significantly affects the investment costs. A properly chosen system can save a lot of money that could arise from excessive dimensions, unnecessary fire protection systems, or anchorages. The paper deals with a theoretical analysis of modern technical solutions that positively affect pressure fluctuations in waste water pipes in high-rise buildings.

The Problem of Halitosis in Prosthetic Dentistry, and New Approaches to Its Treatment: A Literature Review

The aim of this work is a review of recent information about halitosis among patients using prosthetic dentures. Halitosis is a condition in which an unpleasant smell comes out of the oral cavity, which is caused mainly by volatile sulfur and non-sulfured compounds. The etiology of halitosis may be intra- or extra-oral; in most patients, however, it is due to the activity of microorganisms in the oral cavity. The problem of the occurrence of halitosis has accompanied patients for many years. In dental prosthetics, the problem of halitosis occurs in patients using removable or fixed dentures. In both cases, new niches for the development of microorganisms may be created, including those related to halitosis. It should be noted that dentures—both fixed and removable—are a foreign body placed in the patient’s oral cavity which, in case of insufficient hygiene, may constitute a reservoir of microorganisms, causing this unpleasant condition. Conventional treatment of intraoral halitosis reduces microbial activity via chemical and/or mechanical action. Currently, the search for new strategies in the treatment of halitosis is in progress. One idea is to use photodynamic therapy, while another is to modify poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) with silver and graphene nanoparticles. Additionally, attempts have been made to combine those two methods. Another unconventional method of treating halitosis is the use of probiotics.

Slow Sand Filter untuk Pengolahan Air di Desa Pekauman Ulu, Kalimantan Selatan

Pekauman Ulu Village is one of the villages crossed by the Martapura river, where the water is used by the people of this village for their daily activities. Pekauman Ulu Village is a densely populated area which is flooded every year. The water is very turbid with an unpleasant smell, and consuming this water often makes some people get diarrhea. Thus, a simple technology is needed to treat this river water into clean water. This activity aims to build Slow Sand Filter (SSF) units as a means of providing clean water for people in Pekauman Ulu Village. The activity is conducted in three parts: initial dissemination, training, and evaluation. Based on the survey done to the people joining the training, 95.25% of the people said that they were satisfied with the water being treated by SSF. As for the performance of the SSF itself, turbidity measurement of water samples showed that the turbidity of water filtered by the SSF unit reduced from an average of 41.7 NTU to 2.3 NTU. It can be concluded that this community development program has successfully addressed the need for clean water for people in Pekauman Ulu Village.

Analysis and Discussion Concerning Death

The analysis and discussion concerning death as intended by the Researcher depicts that death is an irreversible condition or state encountered by beings (all living creatures), due to a total dysfunction of the body organs. Such an irreversible condition is an enemy of human beings, which supersedes humanity, causing unexpected changes in life. It came as a punishment of abusing the supernatural power and finally it became a fact of not living forever. By the use of different literatures, Interviews and Documents, the research explored diverse concerns of death and drew its conclusion. Some of those concerns are “how is death detected? What are the causatives of death? Does death have its remedy? Where are dead people? Why do we bury the dead? And what is next after death?” The findings reveal that Doctors prove death by assessing and measuring the vital signs such as Blood Pressure, Pulse Rate, Respiratory Rate and Body Temperature. Moreover, the causatives of death include chronic pulmonary obstructive disease, ischemia, stroke, dehydration, infections and pain as well as old age. Those who encounter death are laid in the graves because God commanded it to be so and they produce unpleasant smell and stink. The remedy of it depends on the supernatural power that is believed to have ability of restoring the lost lives at consummation. That’s why Christians believe that on the second coming of Jesus Christ, all the dead shall rise. Hence, human beings have to be kin enough in lifetime, so that they may prolong a bit their lifespan through observance of health principles and guidelines.

Formulation of Indonesian traditional functional drink wedang empon based on Zingiberaceae rhizomes mixed with fruits

Wedang empon is a rhizome-based drink, one of the most popular functional drinks in Indonesia. This drink is consumed as a drink that is believed to increase the body's immunity and maintain a healthy body. This is due to the potential content of secondary metabolites contained in it. The purpose of this study was to combine empon-based drinks with several types of fruit and flower extracts. The development of this empon-based drink was carried out to provide variations in taste, aroma, and color as well as its nutritional content. Therefore, in this study, wedang empon drink which has been combined with several fruits and flowers was analyzed for product quality with several parameters such as phenol content, vitamin C, and product hedonic tests to find out how consumers respond to the resulting product. In this study, an analysis of the moisture content of the dried product was also carried out to ensure that the water content was within the permissible limits. The research started from material preparation, formulation, characterization and product analysis. Based on the results of the analysis, it was found that in general the yield value of the water content was less than 10%. Overall, the total phenol content of all treatments ranged from 14.75-43.32 mg GAE 100 g-1 and the highest total phenol content was detected in the combination of rosella with wedang empon ingredients. The amount of vitamin C ranged from 42.1013-107 mg/100 g and samples of wedang empon mixed with lakum were the highest. Hedonic test results ranged from 63.556 to 90.667, taste ranged from 63.556 to 90.667, aroma number ranged from 67.11 to 79.556, then color ranged from 70.222 to 84,889. This means that there are differences in the effect of adding different ingredients to the taste of wedang empon. By mixing the rhizome drink with fruit and flower extract will help improve the sensory properties of the drink so that this drink can be more accepted by many consumers of all ages or for those who don't even like the unpleasant smell of wedang empon drinks.

TREATMENT OF BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS IN PREGNANT WOMEN USING A DRUG CONTAINING A COMPLEX OF LACTOBACILLI (FLORIUM)

В статье показаны результаты лечение бактериального вагиноза у 40 беременных в I триместре. 25 беременным проводилось комплексное лечение, включающее применение вагинальных свечей с действущим веществом хлоргексидин, по 1 свече на ночь во влагалище в течение 10 дней в сочетании с пероральным применением Флориум по 1 капсуле х 2 раза в день за 30 минут до еды в течение 14 дней. Остальные 15 беременных получали только свечи с действующим веществом хлоргексидин местно по 1 свече на ночь во влагалище в течение 10 дней. Сравнительный анализ результатов лечения показал, что в группе лечения с применением комплекса лактобактерий у 100% беременных «ключевые клетки» в контрольном мазке после лечения не определялись, в то время как у 16% женщин контрольной группы в мазке после лечения всё ещё определялись «ключевые клетки». А также, беременные основной группы отмечали прекращение жидких выделений с неприятным запахом в 100% случаев, в то время как у 23% беременных контрольной группы продолжались такие выделения, причиняющие дискомфорт. The article shows the results of treatment of bacterial vaginosis in 40 pregnant women in the first trimester. 25 pregnant women underwent complex treatment, including the use of vaginal candles with the active substance chlorhexidine, 1 candle per night in the vagina for 10 days in combination with oral administration of Florium 1 capsule x 2 times a day 30 minutes before meals for 14 days. The remaining 15 pregnant women received only candles with the active substance chlorhexidine locally, 1 candle per night in the vagina for 10 days. A comparative analysis of the results of treatment showed that in the group of treatment with the use of lactobacilli complex in 100% of pregnant women, " key cells "were not determined in the control smear after treatment, while in 16% of women of the control group,"key cells" were still determined in the smear after treatment. And also, pregnant women of the main group noted the cessation of liquid secretions with an unpleasant smell in 100% of cases, while 23% of pregnant women of the control group continued such secretions causing discomfort.

Optimization of therapeutic and diagnostic approaches and possibility of predicting degree of risk of violation of vaginal microbiota

Goal. Optimization of the effectiveness of diagnosis and prediction of the degree of risk of violation of the vaginal microbiota.Materials and methods. 572 patients were examined with complaints of copious discharge from the genital tract and/or an unpleasant smell. All women were observed in accordance with anamnestic, clinical, and laboratory criteria.Results and conclusions. When examining patients, the results of anamnestic, clinical and laboratory signs were evaluated according to a point system, taking into account their informative value and the probability of influencing the vaginal microbiome. Based on the data analysis, a method for predicting the degree of risk of violation of the vaginal microbiota was proposed. The method allows for a personalized therapeutic and diagnostic approach and allows predicting the risk of violation of the vaginal microbiota as early as possible.

Polymeric Gels and Their Application in the Treatment of Psoriasis vulgaris: A Review

Psoriasis is a chronic skin disease, and it is especially characterized by the occurrence of red, itchy, and scaly eruptions on the skin. The quality of life of patients with psoriasis is decreased because this disease remains incurable, despite the rapid progress of therapeutic methods and the introduction of many innovative antipsoriatic drugs. Moreover, many patients with psoriasis are dissatisfied with their current treatment methods and the form with which the drug is applied. The patients complain about skin irritation, clothing stains, unpleasant smell, or excessive viscosity of the preparation. The causes of these issues should be linked with little effectiveness of the therapy caused by low permeation of the drug into the skin, as well as patients’ disobeying doctors’ recommendations, e.g., concerning regular application of the preparation. Both of these factors are closely related to the physicochemical form of the preparation and its rheological and mechanical properties. To improve the quality of patients’ lives, it is important to gain knowledge about the specific form of the drug and its effect on the safety and efficacy of a therapy as well as the patients’ comfort during application. Therefore, we present a literature review and a detailed analysis of the composition, rheological properties, and mechanical properties of polymeric gels as an alternative to viscous and greasy ointments. We discuss the following polymeric gels: hydrogels, oleogels, emulgels, and bigels. In our opinion, they have many characteristics (i.e., safety, effectiveness, desired durability, acceptance by patients), which can contribute to the development of an effective and, at the same time comfortable, method of local treatment of psoriasis for patients.

THE EFFECT OF SMOKING STEAM COCKTAILS ON THE HARD TISSUES OF THE ORAL CAVITY

The aim of the study was the current problem of studying the impact of smoking steam cocktails on human health, as well as the development of methods for the prevention of diseases that were caused by the action of this habit is one of the main directions of the development of health protection, both in Russia and around the world. The study of dental status was carried out by means of a questionnaire, a detailed survey and a clinical examination of patients. The questionnaire was used to determine the level of evaluation of motivation to quit smoking. During the survey of patients, the subjective state of the oral cavity was determined, namely, the presence of dryness of the oral cavity, unpleasant smell, burning sensation, pain in the tongue, impaired taste sensations, and whether there was a metallic taste. Then an external examination was carried out, an examination of the vestibule of the oral cavity, an examination of the dentition itself. The intensity of dental caries was determined. According to the results of the survey, it is clear that the motivation to quit smoking is low. Data from the study in patients who use and do not use smoking mixtures showed that the intensity of caries sharply worsens depending on the length of smoking. The obtained data indicate an increase in inflammatory and destructive changes in the hard tissues of the teeth.