scholarly journals Genetic Analysis of Tertiary Rice Panicle Branches

2021 ◽  
Vol 232 ◽  
pp. 03002
Author(s):  
Tri Hastini ◽  
Willy Bayuardi Suwarno ◽  
Munif Ghulamahdi ◽  
Hajrial Aswidinnoor
Keyword(s):  
Gene Action ◽  
Broad Sense Heritability ◽  
Dominant Model ◽  
Inheritance Pattern ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Genetic Inheritance ◽  
Advanced Analysis ◽  
Parental Lines ◽  
Additive Dominant Model

Panicle branching trait of rice is one of the key factors in detemining grain yield. This study was aimed to elucidate the genetic inheritance pattern of the tertiary rice panicle branches trait. Six rice populations i.e F1, F1R, F2, F2R, BC1P1, and BC1P2 generation including parental lines were generated as materials. The experiment was conducted at IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia from April 2017 to February 2019. Several parameters of genetic inheritance was observed. The result revealed that the inheritance of the tertiary panicle branching was controlled by many genes with the high broad-sense heritability and the moderate narrow-sense ones. Based on the scaling test, it was observed that additive dominant model did not fit to the number of tertiary branches and the number of grains of tertiary panicle branches. These phenomenons suspected may due probably to the effect of epistasis. In the advanced analysis employed by using the joint scaling test revealed that the gene action of the number of tertiary branches and number of grains on the tertiary branches were additive and additive×additive.

scholarly journals Evaluating Genetic Parameters and Combining Ability of Starch Viscosity Parameters in Rice Cultivars (Oryza sativa L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 665
Author(s):  
Alireza Haghighi Hasanalideh ◽  
Mehrzad Allahgholipour ◽  
Ezatollah Farshadfar
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Breeding Methods ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Diallel Mating Design ◽  
Additive Gene

This study was undertaken to assess the combining ability of 6 rice varieties, for viscosity parameters and determining gene action controlling Rapid Visco Analyser (RVA) characters. F2 progenies derived from a 6×6 half diallel mating design with their parents were grown in a randomized complete block design with three replications at the research farm of Rice Research Institute of Iran (RRII) in 2015. The diallel analysis by Griffing`s method indicated the involvement of additive and non-additive gene actions controlling RVA traits. For traits PV and FV RI18447-2 and IR50 were the best combiners for increasing and decreasing, respectively. Deylamani and IR50 were the best combiners for increasing and decreasing BV, respectively. Beside, due to more portion of non-additive gene action in controlling trait SV, The Gilaneh × RI18430-46, and Deylamani × RI18430-46 crosses were the best for increasing and decreasing SV, respectively. The high estimates of broad sense heritability and narrow sense heritability for BV and FV, indicated the importance of additive effects in expression of these traits. Therefore, selection base breeding methods will be useful to improve these traits and selection in the early generations could be done to fix the favourable genes. Low estimate of narrow sense heritability for SV revealed that non-additive gene effects play important role in controlling setback viscosity. So, hybrid base breeding methods will be useful to improve this trait.

scholarly journals DYNAMICS OF HERITABILITY IN DIFFERENT CHARACTERS OF LETTUCE

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 514-526
Author(s):  
ALISSON HENRIQUE GAMA DE OLIVEIRA ◽  
GABRIEL MASCARENHAS MACIEL ◽  
ANA CAROLINA SILVA SIQUIEROLI ◽  
JOSÉ MAGNO QUEIROZ LUZ ◽  
ERNANI CLARETE DA SILVA
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Gene Interactions ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Additive Variance ◽  
Dominant Type ◽  
Partial Dominance ◽  
Number Of Genes ◽  
Number Of Leaves

ABSTRACT The lack of knowledge of the genetic parameters and the type of gene action results in difficulties to obtain varieties that combine agronomic and functional characteristics. The objective of this study was to determine the type of gene action associated with the contents of chlorophyll and agronomic characteristics in lettuce populations. The research was conducted at the Experimental Station of Vegetables, Monte Carmelo, Brazil. To perform the crosses and obtain the generations P1, P2, F1, F2, Bc1 and Bc2 the genotypes UFU-Albina#2, UFU-Albina#3, UFU-Lisa124#2#1, UFU-Crespa199#1#1 and UFU-Lisa217#5#2 were used as parents. The generations were evaluated for three characteristics: number of leaves, plant diameter and chlorophyll content. The parameters: genetic, phenotypic, environmental and additive variance, the dominance in F2, heritability in the broad and narrow-sense, the average degree of dominance based on averages, number of genes, the measure of the dominance deviations, additive effects and all interactions of ‘additive x additive’, ‘additive x dominant’ and ‘dominant x dominant’ type, were evaluated. Chlorophyll content was the most influenced by the environment. Plant diameter had the highest narrow-sense heritability for the cross UFU-Lisa-124#2#1 x UFU-Albina#3 (82.1%). The number of genes for the number of leaves varied from inconclusive to a minimum of 9 genes. The gene interactions for number of leaves were of overdominance type, while for plant diameter and for chlorophyll content the gene interactions were of partial dominance. The characteristics are suggested as being of polygenic or oligogenic nature.

scholarly journals Inheritance of Fruit, Foliar, and Plant Habit Attributes in Capsicum

2008 ◽  
Vol 133 (3) ◽  
pp. 396-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Stommel ◽  
Robert J. Griesbach
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Leaf Shape ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Fruit Color ◽  
Broad Sense ◽  
Leaf Width ◽  
Broad Sense Heritability ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Plant Habit

Considerable diversity exists in Capsicum L. germplasm for fruit and leaf shape, size, and color as well as plant habit. Using F1, F2, and backcross generations developed from diverse parental stocks, this report describes the inheritance patterns and relationships between unique foliar characters and diverse fruit and plant habit attributes. Our results demonstrate that pepper fruit color, shape, and fruit per cluster were simply inherited with modifying gene action. Broad-sense heritability for fruit color and shape and fruit per cluster was high, whereas narrow-sense heritability for these characters was moderate to low. Although fruit clustering was simply inherited, the number of fruit per cluster exhibited a quantitative mode of inheritance. High fruit counts per cluster were linked with red fruit color and anthocyanin pigmented foliage. Fruit shape was linked with immature fruit color and inherited independently of mature fruit color. Leaf color, length, and plant height were quantitatively inherited. Leaf shape did not vary, but leaf length varied and was positively correlated with leaf width. Broad-sense heritability for leaf characters, including leaf length, leaf width, and leaf color, was high. With the exception of leaf width, which exhibited low narrow-sense heritability, high narrow-sense heritability for leaf characters denoted additive gene action. Plant height displayed high broad-sense heritability. Moderate narrow-sense heritability suggested that additive effects also influence plant height. Analysis of segregating populations demonstrated that red and orange fruit color can be combined with all possible leaf colors from green to black. These results provide new data to clarify and extend available information on the inheritance of Capsicum fruit attributes and provide new information on the genetic control of leaf characters and plant habit.

scholarly journals Genetic inheritance pattern in prurigo Hebra

2001 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Siti Aisah Boediardja ◽  
Wahyuning Ramelan ◽  
Santoso Cornain
Keyword(s):  
Autosomal Recessive ◽  
Morbidity Rate ◽  
Inheritance Pattern ◽  
Genetic Inheritance ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Lower Morbidity ◽  
Mode Of Inheritance ◽  
Rule Out

A study was conducted to analyze the multifactorial genetic inheritance pattern in prurigo Hebra (PH). Fiftyprobands (PH patients) consisting of 11 males and 39 females, with age ranged from 5-30 years were included in this study.A three-generation family tree was obtained from each subject, from which a total of 79 families were eligible for analysis. Foreach family the possible mode of inheritance, namely autosomal dominant (AD) or autosomal recessive (AR), was predicted.The families were then grouped according to the mode of inheritance. Analysis was conducted using Chi-square test,comparing the observed occurrence of PH and the expected value for each mode. To rule out mutation, the second methodwas applied, which only families with more than one affected child were analyzed, was used. The genetic inheritancepattern was not consistently compatible either with AR or AD. This finding, and other supporting facts, such as femalepreponderace, the role of HLA and the lower morbidity rate compared to the expected rate in AR or AD mode, indicated thatthe genetic inheritance of PH follows a multi-factorial pattern.

scholarly journals Inheritance of resistance to papaya ringspot virus-watermelon strain (PRSV-W) in 'Whitaker' summer squash line

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 203-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cícero B Menezes ◽  
Wilson R Maluf ◽  
Marcos V Faria ◽  
Sebastião M Azevedo ◽  
Juliano T V Resende ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Control ◽  
Cucurbita Pepo ◽  
Major Gene ◽  
Ringspot Virus ◽  
Inheritance Of Resistance ◽  
Papaya Ringspot Virus ◽  
Broad Sense Heritability ◽  
Major Gene Effect ◽  
Summer Squash ◽  
Parental Lines

Abstract The objective of this work was to study the genetic control of the PRSV-W (Papaya Ringspot Virus - Watermelon Strain) resistance in Cucurbita pepo 'Whitaker' line. Plants of parental lines Whitaker (resistant) and Caserta (susceptible), and of the generations F1, F2, BC11 and BC12 were evaluated for their reactions to PRSV-W. Caserta plants showed severe mosaic symptoms, while Whitaker grew vigorously and remained almost totally symptom-free. Most of the F1, F2 and backcross plants also presented severe mosaic symptoms. Data were used to test a hypothesis of monogenic inheritance under different presumed degrees of dominance, and genetic models were tested using maximum likelihood tests of genetic control. Broad-sense heritability was of 0.57 for the first evaluation. Resistance to PRSV-W in C. pepo 'Whitaker' is due to a major gene effect summed to polygenic effects.

scholarly journals Assessing the expected response to genomic selection of individuals and families in Eucalyptus breeding with an additive-dominant model

Heredity ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 119 (4) ◽  
pp. 245-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
R T Resende ◽  
M D V Resende ◽  
F F Silva ◽  
C F Azevedo ◽  
E K Takahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genomic Selection ◽  
Dominant Model ◽  
Additive Dominant Model ◽  
Selection Of

Estimation of genetic parameters and combining ability analysis in blackgram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper]

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Thamodharan ◽  
A. Ramalingam ◽  
S. Geetha
Keyword(s):  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Plant Seeds ◽  
Degree Of Dominance ◽  
Combining Ability Analysis ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Pod Length

An experiment was carried out in blackgram using line x tester mating design to estimate the gca effect of parents (six lines and five testers) and sca effect of 30 hybrids for yield and its traits. Estimates of gca and sca variances, degree of dominance, predictability ratio and narrow sense heritability revealed that only three trais viz., pods per plant, seeds per pod and single plant yield were controlled by additive gene action and hence showed high narrow sense heritability. Magnitude of non-additive gene action was higher than the additive gene action for traits like plant height, days to 50% flowering, cluster per plant, 100 seed weight, days to maturity, branches per plant and pod length. Three parents ‘MDU1, ADT3 and LBG-752 were the best combiners and three crosses ‘MDU1 x VBN (Bg) 6, LBG-752 x VBN (Bg) 6, LBG-752 x Mash-114 showed high per se performance and significant positive sca for yield. For exploiting both additive and non-additive gene action recurrent selection to be followed to improve yield in blackgram.

Inheritance of seed protein and seed oil content in early maturing soybean

1985 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 603-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne L. McKendry ◽  
Peter B. E. McVetty ◽  
Harvey D. Voldeng
Keyword(s):  
Seed Oil ◽  
Seed Protein ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Broad Sense ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Partial Dominance ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Additive Gene

The inheritance of seed protein, seed oil, and the sum of protein and oil was investigated in two early maturing soybean crosses, 'Maple Presto' × 'Sioux' and 'Maple Presto' × X446-2-1, in 2 years (1981 and 1982) at one location (Winnipeg). Analyses of variance of the parental performance over years indicated that the parents differed significantly for all three traits studied and that genotype by year interactions were effectively zero. Generation means analysis indicated that gene action for seed protein was primarily additive, with partial dominance for low protein. Seed oil was also conditioned primarily by additive gene action. Partial dominance was not consistently detected over years and therefore was of minor importance. Additive × additive epistatic effects for seed oil were also detected but were not consistent over years. The sum of seed protein and oil was conditioned solely by additive gene action. Variance analyses indicated a predominance of additive genetic variance for all three traits. Dominance variance was also detected for both seed protein and the sum of protein and oil. Broad sense heritability for the F2 generation ranged from 76 to 83% for seed protein and from 68 to 86% for the sum of protein and oil, while narrow sense heritability ranged from 34 to 72% for seed protein and from 39 to 65% for the sum of protein and oil. Narrow sense heritability values equalled broad sense values for seed oil and ranged from 58 to 68%. Heritability was also estimated from standard unit parent – progeny regression analyses and values for all three traits were found to approach the variance analyses estimated broad sense heritabilities. Comparisons with the results of late maturing soybean crosses are made and implications of the results obtained in this study on early maturing soybean breeding programs are discussed.Key words: Glycine max, heritability, 00 and 000 maturity groups, breeding strategies.

scholarly journals Genetic Basis for Productivity in Anthurium andraeanum Hort.

HortScience ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 49 (7) ◽  
pp. 859-863
Author(s):  
Winston Elibox ◽  
Pathmanathan Umaharan
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Breeding Strategy ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Broad Sense Heritability ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Modal Class ◽  
Anthurium Andraeanum ◽  
The Right

Anthurium andraeanum Hort. is an important tropical ornamental crop regarded as second only to orchids in its commercial importance. The genetic basis for productivity in anthurium was studied using parent–offspring regression analysis. Sixteen parental genotypes (4 years old) and 14 biparental progeny families (60 plants each, 4 years old) derived from the parents were used in the study. Yield expressed as number of cut flowers per plant per year (CFPY) was significant both between parental genotypes (P < 0.001) and between progeny families (P < 0.05). Mean CFPY of the parent genotypes was normally distributed and ranged from 4.8 in ‘Local Mina Red’ to 9.8 in ‘Kalapana’ with a mean of 7.5. CFPY in Year 1 was strongly correlated to that in Year 2 (Pearson’s r = 0.96; Spearman’s r = 0.93) and the broad sense heritability (H2) was high (87.6%) under controlled shadehouse conditions. CFPY in the progeny families varied from four to 14 with progeny means ranging from 5.7 in ‘Honduras/Local Mina Red’ to 7.2 in ‘Mirjam/Kalapana’. Progeny of seven and 10 crosses possessed mean CFPY greater than that of the more productive parent and the midparent values, respectively. The frequency distribution for productivity of the 840 progeny plants was skewed to the right with a modal class of six to seven. The correlation coefficient between progeny CFPY and midparent CFPY was large and significant (r = 0.90, P < 0.001). The regression of mean progeny CFPY on mean midparental CFPY was strong (y = 0.51x + 2.56; R2 = 0.81) with an estimated narrow sense heritability (h2) of 51.0%. A breeding strategy for improving per plant productivity based on the results is discussed.

scholarly journals A Genome-Wide Association Analysis Reveals Epistatic Cancellation of Additive Genetic Variance for Root Length in Arabidopsis thaliana

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Lachowiec ◽  
Xia Shen ◽  
Christine Queitsch ◽  
Örjan Carlborg
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Genetic Variance ◽  
Additive Genetic Variance ◽  
Broad Sense ◽  
Genome Wide Association ◽  
Broad Sense Heritability ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Genome Wide

Efforts to identify loci underlying complex traits generally assume that most genetic variance is additive. Here, we examined the genetics of Arabidopsis thaliana root length and found that the narrow-sense heritability for this trait was statistically zero. This low additive genetic variance likely explains why no associations to root length could be found using standard additive-model-based genome-wide association (GWA) approaches. However, the broad-sense heritability for root length was significantly larger, and we therefore also performed an epistatic GWA analysis to map loci contributing to the epistatic genetic variance. This analysis revealed four interacting pairs involving seven chromosomal loci that passed a standard multiple-testing corrected significance threshold. Explorations of the genotype-phenotype maps for these pairs revealed that the detected epistasis cancelled out the additive genetic variance, explaining why these loci were not detected in the additive GWA analysis. Small population sizes, such as in our experiment, increase the risk of identifying false epistatic interactions due to testing for associations with very large numbers of multi-marker genotypes in few phenotyped individuals. Therefore, we estimated the false-positive risk using a new statistical approach that suggested half of the associated pairs to be true positive associations. Our experimental evaluation of candidate genes within the seven associated loci suggests that this estimate is conservative; we identified functional candidate genes that affected root development in four loci that were part of three of the pairs. In summary, statistical epistatic analyses were found to be indispensable for confirming known, and identifying several new, functional candidate genes for root length using a population of wild-collected A. thaliana accessions. We also illustrated how epistatic cancellation of the additive genetic variance resulted in an insignificant narrow-sense, but significant broad-sense heritability that could be dissected into the contributions of several individual loci using a combination of careful statistical epistatic analyses and functional genetic experiments.

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