scholarly journals Methods and technologies of seismic strengthening of buildings with brick walls

2021 ◽  
Vol 258 ◽  
pp. 09055
Author(s):  
Vladimir Kondratiev ◽  
Hamza Yusupov ◽  
Vera Egorova ◽  
Said Kurtametov
Keyword(s):  
Technical Condition ◽  
Design Standards ◽  
Space Planning ◽  
Technical Programs ◽  
Planning And Design ◽  
Seismic Amplification ◽  
Current Design ◽  
Analytical Review ◽  
Fired Bricks ◽  
Production Technologies

Methods and instructions on the production technologies for the restoration and reinforcement of buildings with walls made of fired bricks, which have received various damages as a result of earthquakes, physical wear, and also have inconsistencies in space-planning and design solutions with the requirements of current regulatory documents, are given. The most typical types of damage to elements and structures of buildings as a result of earthquakes were identified and classified according to the results of analyzes of their consequences, in which the authors were directly involved (by the nature of their scientific and practical activities), as well as according to the analytical review of the relevant sources. The identification and compilation of classifications of the most common facts of inconsistency of space-planning and structural solutions with the requirements of the current design standards was carried out on the basis of the results of field inspections of the technical condition of numerous objects, the experience of which was accumulated by the authors over the past several years. Based on the results obtained, methods and technologies for seismic amplification of elements and structures of buildings have been developed, reflecting their features, composition and sequence of operations for the production of work, also based on the authors’ many years of experience in the implementation of similar developments, acquired during the implementation of a number of state scientific and technical programs, innovative projects and contractual work. For each of the considered cases and reinforcement options, the corresponding standards have been developed in relation to the labor intensity and cost of performing work, the recommended composition of the links and the corresponding standard set.

A methodology for enabling the sustainable development of Therapeutic tourism in the Egyptian desert – An applied study on the hamra ecolodge resort in Wadi El- Natroun –: منهجية تمكين التنمية المستدامة للسياحة العلاجية لصحراء مصر

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 91-67
Author(s):  
Ahmed Ali Soliman Elsamahy, Nanees Abd Elhamid Elsayyad, Usa Ahmed Ali Soliman Elsamahy, Nanees Abd Elhamid Elsayyad, Usa
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Design Management ◽  
Design Standards ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Planning And Design ◽  
Applied Study ◽  
A Value ◽  
Sustainable Planning ◽  
Egyptian Desert

  Despite the importance of therapeutic tourism, it faces great obstacles that limit the growth of the sustainability of its development, among the main obstacles that stand in the way of sustaining the development of therapeutic tourism in Wadi El- Natroun is the existence of an urban phenomenon that did not follow sustainable development in its design, with the absence of coordination between the ministries and relevant bodies. It is the absence of specific mechanisms and methodology for how to choose the most important criteria and sustainable planning indicators to assess the sustainability of therapeutic resorts, as it is considered one of the most important pillars of development for the sustainability of therapeutic tourism, in order to preserve the therapeutic area's resources from pollution resulting from human use, both in construction and operation In this way. The research provides a clearer picture for enabling the sustainable development of therapeutic tourism in Wadi El- Natroun through the preparation of a methodology and guidebook to enhance the sustainability of therapeutic tourism resorts in the region and their application in way that enables development decision- makers in the region to make rational and logical decisions regarding enabling sustainable development for therapeutic tourism development in it. And through both parts of theoretical research and analysis of the current situation in the study area, the most important results were reached the conclusion of a methodology and a guideline of the most important controls, determinants and sustainability indicators. It contains three criteria with eighteen basic determinants and eighty- one main indicators with the value of indicative relative weights divided as follows: Indicators of planning and design standards with a value of (40%)- Environmental standards indicators with a value of (35%)- Administrative and societal standards indicators with a value of (25%) , that are Serve as a checklist for developers and investors when preparing therapeutic tourism resorts in the design, management and operation processes to enable the sustainability of the development of desert therapeutic tourism on the site.The research ends with a set of recommendations, the most important of which is the need to apply the methodology and guidebook to therapeutic tourism resorts that are being prepared for in the region, it is considered one of the most important decision- making tools when planning to develop sustainable therapeutic tourism in the study area.

scholarly journals Improving modern technology and construction of multi-storey residential buildings by optimizing shuttering works

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis Pogodin ◽  
Nikolay Spiridonov ◽  
Abdulkarim Khalidov
Keyword(s):  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Space Planning ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Planning And Design ◽  
Design Characteristics ◽  
Under Construction ◽  
Structural Solutions

This article deals with the selection of optimal sets of formwork of the object under construction, depending on the space-planning and design solutions. Improving the use of system formwork design. The areas of formwork application are characterized, the requirements for formwork systems are given. The author presents modern types of formwork, which have different design characteristics and are designed for different climatic conditions. In the article the author characterizes the main types of formwork systems used in modern monolithic construction. Development of technology of monolithic reinforced concrete works is largely constrained by the structural shortcomings of formwork systems. The paper proposes a formwork construction module that allows concreting structures with different lengths for each object using one unified formwork panel, based on the space-planning and structural solutions. Thus it is necessary to change only places of fastening of face elements of a timbering. The practical significance of the study lies in the analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of the use of system formwork.

scholarly journals Calculation features of wall panels with monolithic cement bond of layers in the stages of installation, transportation and maintenance

Vestnik MGSU ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 367-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena A. Korol’ ◽  
Marina N. Berlinova
Keyword(s):  
Middle Layer ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Design Standards ◽  
Wall Panels ◽  
Multilayer Wall ◽  
Current Design ◽  
Infinite Variety ◽  
Construction Practice

Introduction. When building residential, public and administrative buildings of various spatial structural designs (monolithic, precast-monolithic, precast, etc.), it is common practice to design self-sustaining (non-structural) outer walls within a storey. Developing and using new design and fabrication solutions of multilayer industrial-made wall panels in modern construction practice makes actual the issue of improving methods of their calculation in different stages of maintenance and under various sorts and combinations of loads and effects. However, there is an infinite variety of possible loading levels in practice and, therefore, the same variety of design approaches would be required. This is obviously unacceptable for engineering calculations, hence it is necessary to provide a monolithic matrix bond of layers, both technologically and structurally, which can provide a generalized approach to the calculation of multilayer enclosing structures in accordance with current design standards. Materials and methods. The article describes structural features of a multilayer wall panel made of structural concrete with the middle layer of concrete with low thermal conductivity and monolithic bond of layers. These features have an influence on creation of a design model and a calculation procedure in the stages of transportation, installation and maintenance. Results. The article has examined the structures described above in the sense of design parameters that provide their competitive advantages in strength and maintenance as compared with conventional mass-built enclosures. Conclusions. The studies demonstrate that when combining loads of force and non-force character, stresses in the considered structure do not exceed allowable values in all the stages what proves the prospects of using the multilayer panels with monolithic bond of layers for erection of various-purpose frame-panel buildings.

Intersection Design and Decision–Reaction Time for Older Drivers

1997 ◽  
Vol 1573 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
David W. Naylor ◽  
Johnny R. Graham
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Older Drivers ◽  
Design Standards ◽  
Older Driver ◽  
The Past ◽  
Sight Distance ◽  
Stop Sign ◽  
Current Design ◽  
Design Value

Trends in automobile and roadway use have changed drastically over the past several years. Changes in the trends include an increase in the percentage of licensed drivers, annual miles driven, and an increase in the number of older drivers. Of particular concern is the increase in the number of older drivers and the question of whether the current design standards adequately meet the needs of the older driver. In this study, the perception-reaction time variable used in calculating intersection sight distance at stop sign-controlled intersections was evaluated. The current design value for the perception–reaction time is 2.0 sec, which has been used since the 1940s when the driving population was much younger. A field experiment was performed to determine an appropriate value for today’s driving population. Subjects were covertly videotaped as they entered two rural and two urban stop sign-controlled interactions. Mean decision–reaction times were determined for an older and a younger group of subjects. The older group, consisting of 104 subjects, averaged 69.3 years of age and had a mean decision–reaction time of 1.32 sec. A group of 104 younger subjects, less than 30 years of age, had a mean decision–reaction time of 1.24 sec. The 85th percentile decision–reaction time for the older group was 1.86 sec and for the younger group, 1.66 sec. Both times were less than the current AASHTO design value of 2.0 sec.

Serviceability Assessment of Composite Footbridge Under Human Walking and Running Loads

2015 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Faraz Sadeghi ◽  
Ahmad Beng Hong Kueh
Keyword(s):  
Concrete Slab ◽  
Model Verification ◽  
Human Walking ◽  
Steel Beams ◽  
Vibration Source ◽  
Design Standards ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Slab ◽  
Codes Of Practice ◽  
Current Design ◽  
Vibration Responses

Footbridge responses under loads induced by human remain amongst the least explored matters, due to various uncertainties in determining the description of the imposed loadings. To address this gap, serviceability of an existing composite footbridge under human walking and running loadings is analyzed dynamically in this paper employing a finite element approach. The composite footbridge is made-up of a reinforced concrete slab simply supported at two ends on top of two T-section steel beams. To model the walking and running loads, a harmonic force function is applied as the vibration source at the center of the bridge. In the model verification, the computed natural frequency of footbridge exhibits a good agreement with that reported in literature. The vibration responses in terms of peak acceleration and displacement are computed, from which they are then compared with the current design standards for assessment. It is found that the maximum accelerations and displacements of composite footbridge in presence of excitations from one person walking and running satisfy the serviceability limitation recommended by the existing codes of practice. In conclusion, the studied footbridge offers sufficient human safety and comfort against vibration under investigated load prescription.

Alleviation of Fatigue in Renewable Energy Support Structures

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feargal Brennan
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Offshore Structures ◽  
Support Structures ◽  
Design Standards ◽  
New Era ◽  
The North ◽  
Current Design ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Stress Fatigue

Offshore renewable energy is experiencing an explosion of activity in response to ambitious renewable energy targets, however the drive to increase turbine size in deeper water whilst at the same time to reduce capex and installation costs in addition to the speed of development means there is a danger that structures may be designed and deployed that are inherently prone to fatigue. Offshore structures have come a long way since the pioneering early Oil & Gas jackets in the 1960s and 1970s. In forty years of designing and operating large Oil & Gas structures in the North Sea tremendous changes have occurred in development of advanced numerical modelling of stress, fatigue and loading in addition to vast improvements in steel quality/strength, manufacturing processes and inspection, monitoring and quality control. This paper addresses some of the fundamental areas where current design standards may not be appropriate for renewable energy support structures in this new era of advanced sensors and information systems. It will also discuss advanced fatigue alleviation techniques.

Bearing Capacity of Common and Damaged CFRP-Strengthened R. C. Beams Subject to High-Level Low-Cycle Loading

2019 ◽  
Vol 968 ◽  
pp. 185-199
Author(s):  
Vasyl M. Karpiuk ◽  
Yulia A. Syomina ◽  
Diana V. Antonova
Keyword(s):  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Repeated Loading ◽  
Calculation Methods ◽  
Design Standards ◽  
Deformation Method ◽  
Current Design ◽  
Cycle Loading ◽  
High Level ◽  
Concrete Elements

In the course of operation or armed hostilities the span r.c. structures are subject to substantial damage and considerable reduction of their bearing capacity, especially under low-cycle repeated loading. In this connection it becomes necessary to renew their operation capacity and/or improve their bearing capacity. However, the current design standards contain no recommendations as to determination of the residual bearing capacity of such structures and calculation of their reinforcement. There are methods of the operation capacity renewal and reinforcement of the structures by increasing their sections adding metal or reinforced concrete elements. Still, the calculation methods of such reinforcement are also imperfect. It is proposed to renew operation capacity of such structures by strengthening their tensioned parts with CFRP; the performed experimental research will provide the basis for calculating bearing capacity of said structures with the aid of the deformation method improved by the authors.

Sex Differences in Joint Mobility

1984 ◽  
Vol 28 (11) ◽  
pp. 1006-1006 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Rene'
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Study Data ◽  
The Body ◽  
Joint Mobility ◽  
Joint Movement ◽  
Design Standards ◽  
College Female ◽  
Current Design ◽  
Female Data ◽  
Present Design

The primary purpose of this study was to provide a contemporary comparison of college female and male voluntary range of joint mobility. This was achieved by comparing the data collected in this study with that collected in an identical study in which male participants were used. Data were gathered from college females to determine their voluntary range of joint movement. One hundred female students at Texas ASM University participated in the study. The instruments used to take the measures were two hand-held bubble level electrogoniometers. Thirty-two movements of eight different joints of the body were measured. A second goal was to update and broaden the data base of female voluntary flexibility. This goal was met by reporting the data gathered from the female college sample and providing pertinent design information. In addition, the current female data were compared against present design standards. Finally, the present study data and that of the identical male study were combined to allow a comparison with an earlier study of sex differences in joint mobility. Results of this study indicate that females are generally more flexible than males. Significant differences were found to exist in twenty-six of the thiry-two comparisons made between this study and the corresponding male study. In twenty-four of these comparisons, females were found to have greater flexibility. The differences in joint mobility reported were attributed to real differences between the sexes since the methodologies were identical and the samples were drawn from equivalent populations. Comparisons between this study and the current design standards yielded conflicting results due to differences in methodologies and samples. Significant differences were found to exist in the comparisons made between the present data combined with the current male data and an earlier study concerning sex differences in flexibility. These differences were also attributed to differences in methodologies. Both comparisons drew the same conclusion, however: females are generally more flexible than males.

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