Prevalence and clinical implications of persistent or exertional cardiopulmonary symptoms following SARS-CoV-2 infection in 3597 collegiate athletes: a study from the Outcomes Registry for Cardiac Conditions in Athletes (ORCCA)

ObjectiveTo assess the prevalence and clinical implications of persistent or exertional cardiopulmonary symptoms in young competitive athletes following SARS-CoV-2 infection.MethodsThis observational cohort study from the Outcomes Registry for Cardiac Conditions in Athletes included 3597 US collegiate athletes after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Clinical characteristics, advanced diagnostic testing and SARS-CoV-2-associated sequelae were compared between athletes with persistent symptoms >3 weeks, exertional symptoms on return to exercise and those without persistent or exertional symptoms.ResultsAmong 3597 athletes (mean age 20 years (SD, 1 year), 34% female), data on persistent and exertional symptoms were reported in 3529 and 3393 athletes, respectively. Persistent symptoms >3 weeks were present in 44/3529 (1.2%) athletes with 2/3529 (0.06%) reporting symptoms >12 weeks. Exertional cardiopulmonary symptoms were present in 137/3393 (4.0%) athletes. Clinical evaluation and diagnostic testing led to the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2-associated sequelae in 12/137 (8.8%) athletes with exertional symptoms (five cardiac involvement, two pneumonia, two inappropriate sinus tachycardia, two postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome and one pleural effusion). No SARS-CoV-2-associated sequelae were identified in athletes with isolated persistent symptoms. Of athletes with chest pain on return to exercise who underwent cardiac MRI (CMR), 5/24 (20.8%) had probable or definite cardiac involvement. In contrast, no athlete with exertional symptoms without chest pain who underwent CMR (0/20) was diagnosed with probable or definite SARS-CoV-2 cardiac involvement.ConclusionCollegiate athletes with SARS-CoV-2 infection have a low prevalence of persistent or exertional symptoms on return to exercise. Exertional cardiopulmonary symptoms, specifically chest pain, warrant a comprehensive evaluation.

The incidence of lung cancer in Northern Ireland: 1991–1992

Introduction Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths in many Western countries, but its incidence has never been studied in Northern Ireland. Aims Accordingly, the present study was mounted to determine, for the first time, the incidence of the condition in Northern Ireland and to compare the findings with other regions in the British Isles. Methods A notification study of the incidence of lung cancer (ICD 162) was conducted in Northern Ireland during 1991/1992. Notifications from 6 sources were computerised and linked. Incident cases were identified and analysed in relation to Age, Sex and Geographical region—Northern Ireland, England and Wales, Scotland and the Republic of Ireland. Results Some 900 incident cases of lung cancer were identified. The incidence rate per 100,000 population was found to be 57.04. Mortality underestimated incidence by 12.5%. ($$p<0.05$$ p < 0.05 ). The male to female incidence ratio was 2.1: 1, and this ratio was similar in other regions, except Scotland, where the ratio was 1.7:1. The null hypothesis of a common incidence distribution across regions was formally rejected. A variety of models were fitted and a model in which the log-odds on incidence was a quadratic function of age fitted most of the regional data. Conclusions Northern Ireland had the lowest incidence of lung cancer in the UK, but its overall rate was still 40% higher than that observed in the Republic of Ireland which had the lowest rate in the British Isles. Across regions, the pattern of incidence by age and sex was complicated, but a linear logistic model fitted all of the Irish data and the female data in Scotland, satisfactorily.

GENDER DIFFERENCES IN BODY SELF-RELATION AMONG YOUNG ADULTS IN INDIA

Body self-relation is a multidimensional construct defined by persons" perceptions of and attitudes about their body. Body image does not simply reflect the biological enrichment of the individual or the feedback received from the significant others. The way you perceive about your body is your cognitive body image. This can lead to excessive concern with body shape and weight. Behaviors in which you relate as a result of your body image encompass your behavioral body image. A study based on the gender differences in body relation relating to young adults rating the comparison in perception of both male and female data. Hundred participants of both male and female took part in answering the by Multidimensional body selfrelations questionnaire (MBSRQ-AS). Results demonstrated by Mann Whitney U test revealed that there is significant difference between male and female young adults in their relation to body self, p<0.05, (2- tailed) in appearance orientation. There is no statistical sig.>0.05 differences in the other dimensions. Therefore, this study rejects the null hypothesis in (dimension) appearance orientation and accepts the null hypothesis (dimensions) in appearance evaluation, body area satisfaction, overweight preoccupation and self-classified weight. Keywords: body self-relation; gender differences

Isometric push and pull strengths of agricultural workers from Northeast India

BACKGROUND: In agricultural farming operations, the incompatibility between operators’ physical capability and labor demands in the operation of tools and equipment results in a decreased performance, productivity, and safety related measures. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to collect a biomechanical database of push/pull strengths for initiating the development of a human-centered design of equipment that is not available for the intended user group, i.e. Nagaland. METHODS: The sample consisted of 399 male and 271 female agricultural workers from the five districts of Nagaland, aged 18 to 65 years, classified into three age groups. In the process of push and pull force measurements, the elbow angle of the participants were set to 30–120°, 120–130°, and 130–180°. All tests were performed in triplicates with a resting period of two minutes between every consequent recording. RESULTS: The results showed that isometric push and pull strength values (Mean±SD) for males were 18.91±4.67 kg and 17.98±3.97 kg respectively and 13.07±4.06 kg and 11.98±3.33 kg for females respectively. The results of independent samples from student’s t-test demonstrate that there was a substantial variance in the isometric push and pull strength values (p < 0.05) between the genders across the various age spectrum. CONCLUSIONS: With ageing, muscular strength for push-pull strength in males and females reduce. The study reports that the recommended value of male and female isometric push-pull strength for agricultural workers of Nagaland should be 5th percentile of female data i.e. 6.40 and 1.71 kg respectively.

Intergroup Relation-Based Conflict Resolution Patterns to Junior High School Students

Conflicts between junior high school students cannot be underestimated or left unchecked so that it drags on and causes ongoing conflicts if a settlement pattern and root cause are not found immediately. This study aims to analyze the pattern of intergroup relation-based conflict resolution carried out by junior high school students. This article is the result of research conducted using the development (R&D) method with the stages of needs analysis, development, and testing. The data collection method was carried out by distributing questionnaires to public junior high schools randomly consisting of 799 respondents, namely 329 male and 470 female. Data processing is done by grouping student answers based on research indicators in order to obtain a conflict resolution model used by students. The results showed that the pattern of intergroup relation-based conflict resolution carried out by junior high school students and equivalent in solving problems, students were more dominant in choosing how to communicate, either through cellphones or meeting in person to discuss the root causes of the problems that occurred then reconciled by apologizing to each other, do not do violence, avoid emotions, say rude, high-pitched, to avoid fights. As for students who use violence in an effort to solve problems, it will occur if one of their friends shows opposition and resistance, has a high-pitched tone to speak harshly so that it ignites excessive emotions and causes fights.

Effects of speaking style on the shape of fundamental frequency distributions

The present study has two main goals. The first is to describe the effects of three speaking styles (spontaneous interview, sentence reading and word list reading) on statistical estimators of fundamental frequency (f0) variability (mean, standard deviation, skewness and kurtosis) in five female and five male speakers of Brazilian Portuguese (BP). Most f0 contours of word reading are bimodal. Analysis of their time-normalized contours suggests this is caused by the time-compressed realization of fast transitions from low to high or high to low tones aligned with stressed syllables. Considering only unimodal distributions, results show that there are no statistically significant effects in the male data for any of the four variability estimators. Effects show up in female data. Spontaneous style has statistically significant higher mean, SD and skewness than read speech. Findings in the previous literature indicate the reverse pattern, though, for languages other than BP. The second goal of the study is to characterize the statistical properties of f0 distributions beyond mean and SD. Results confirm previous observations that most f0 distributions have positive skewness, are left-tailed and have kurtosis values that deviate significantly from the normal because of large deviations from the central or modal value. A distribution fitting procedure tested six distributions. The asymmetric Burr type XII distribution emerges as the one that best fits the data in the corpus. Results show that two of the parameters that determine its shape correlate well with the empirical f0 distribution values of SD and skewness. Important effects of speaking style on f0 seen in female speakers can be reproduced by combinations of the Burr distributions’ parameters.

STUDENT MENTOR'S IDEAL FEATURES: PEER CHOICE

Introduction: A student mentor is someone who shares his or her knowledge with a less experienced colleague in order to help the other developing his or her full academic potential by providing him/ her with the right guidance and support during his learning, social and academic integration processes. Objective: To assess the features higher education students consider to be the most effective characteristics their Student Peer Mentor should possess. Method: A descriptive-exploratory study, with a cross-sectional focus, involving a sample of 306 higher education health students, with a mean age of 21.15 (± 3,540) years. 81.7% of the participants are female. Data collection was achieved using Cunha’s Ideal Mentor Faces Scale (2017) with images adapted from Botas, Gabriel & Welling, (1997/1998). Results: Results show that 61.8% of the students surveyed would like to be student mentors and that most participants (54.2%) look at their ideal mentor as someone who possesses positive features, while 12,1% of the participants would choose for their ideal mentor a student whose features might suggest the existence of a risk profile. Finally, and paradoxically, 33.7% of them would choose a student mentor who tends to exhibit certain negative features. Positive characteristics were granted the highest mean values. Those values ranged between Satisfied (68%), Tranquil (78.1%); Optimistic (85%); Confident (88.2%) and Interested (87.9%). Conclusions: Results suggest that higher education students value the existence of student mentors with positive features/characteristics and realize that their existence is of great pedagogical importance. Therefore, there is now a greater need to ask higher education students to participate in Mentoring programs implemented with the support of second or third year Student Mentors who, on a voluntary basis, using their experiences and academic experiences can supervise incoming first year students (Mentee Students) in order to facilitate their integration and their adaptation to the different dimensions (pedagogical, scientific, social and any other) of the academic environment.

Understanding gender differences in professional European football through machine learning interpretability and match actions data

After the great success of the Women’s World Cup in 2019, several platforms have started identifying the reasons for gender inequality in European football. Even though these inequalities emerge from a variety of key aspects in the modern sport, we focused on the game and evaluated the main differential features of European male and female football players in match actions data under the assumption of finding significant differences and established patterns between genders. A methodology for unbiased feature extraction and objective analysis is presented based on data integration and machine learning explainability algorithms. Female ($$n_0 = 1511$$ n 0 = 1511 ) and male ($$n_1 = 2703$$ n 1 = 2703 ) data points were collected from event data and categorized by game period and player position. We set up a supervised classification pipeline to predict the gender of each player by looking at their actions in the game. The comparison methodology did not include any qualitative enrichment or subjective analysis to prevent biased data enhancement or gender-related processing. The pipeline included three representative binary classification models; A logic-based Decision Trees, a probabilistic Logistic Regression and a multilevel perceptron Neural Network. Each model tried to draw the differences between male and female data points, and we extracted the results using machine learning explainability methods to understand the underlying mechanics of the models implemented. The study was able to determine pivotal factors that differentiate each gender performance as well as disseminate unique patterns by gender involving more than one indicator. Data enhancement and critical variables analysis are essential next steps to support this framework and serve as a baseline for further studies and training developments.

Impact of Tertiary Education Trust Fund (Tetfund) Interventions On Industrial Peace In Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, Ogun State

The Tertiary Education Trust Fund (TET FUND) was established by the Federal Government of Nigeria to tackle the problem of inadequate funding of tertiary institutions which had been a major source of industrial unrest and disharmony in these institutions. This study therefore examined the impact of TET FUND interventions on industrial peace in Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ogun State, Nigeria. Descriptive survey research design was adopted and qualitative data were collected using a questionnaire to elicit information from a total number of 250 respondents from total population of 1,723 staff of the university. From the sample size, 128 (56%) were male while 122 (54%) were female. Data collected were analyzed using regression analysis to test all the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. Findings revealed that TET FUND interventions have significant impact on infrastructural development, staff development and industrial peace in Olabisi Onabanjo University. It is therefore recommended that the Federal Government should step up efforts to ensure that tertiary institutions (federal and state owned) are adequately funded through TET FUND so that staff salaries and other staff related matters which have been a major source of industrial conflict and disharmony is addressed.

MOTIVATION FOR ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO THE METACOGNITIVE THINKING SKILLS AMONG HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS IN THE SUBURBS OF JERUSALEM

Purpose of the study: This study aims to identify the degree of Motivation for Academic Achievement and its Relationship to the Metacognitive Thinking Skills among High School Students in the suburbs of Jerusalem. Methodology and research methods: To achieve the objectives of this study, the relational descriptive approach was adopted. The sample of this study included (380) high school students (male and female). Data was obtained, analyzed, and processed statistically. Results: The findings suggested that there were statistically significant differences in the means of the motivation for academic achievement due to gender in favor of females. The results also showed that there were no statistically significant differences at the level of significance (α ≤ 0.05) in the means of the metacognitive thinking skills among high school students due to gender, an average of the former class, or father-mother's educational qualification. Moreover, the results revealed that there was a correlation between the motivation for academic achievement and metacognitive thinking skills. Scientific novelty: It is clear that metacognitive thinking skills improve the degree of motivation for academic achievement by increasing the capacities of the students to learn and grow their learning motivation. it is considered a strong indicator of academic success. Students with metacognitive thinking skills achieve better academic achievement compared to students who have a lower level of metacognitive thinking skills. Practical significance: The importance of this study is expressed in the significance of the issue under consideration, as awareness of metacognitive thinking skills increases the capacity to handle and use them in various educational situations.