scholarly journals Road classification based on SVM and vehicle body vibration

2021 ◽  
Vol 268 ◽  
pp. 01074
Author(s):  
Xiaoyi Fu ◽  
Yuzhuang Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Root Mean Square ◽  
Recognition Rate ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Driving Safety ◽  
Vehicle Body ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Surface Information ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Reduce Energy Consumption ◽  
Better Than

Obtaining road surface information to make the vehicle run in the best condition can not only reduce energy consumption and vehicle loss, but also improve driving safety. In this paper, specific car body information was preprocessed as root mean square value, and SVM offline training was used. The recognition rate of off-road and highway can reach 98%. Compared with traditional threshold recognition, SVM has better adaptability and robustness. On the premise of keeping easy to obtain, the discrimination accuracy of the root mean square value is obviously better than the original value and the mean value.

scholarly journals On a sum analogous to Dedekind sum and its mean square value formula

2002 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhang Wenpeng
Keyword(s):  
Asymptotic Property ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Mean Value Theorem ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Dedekind Sum ◽  
The Mean

The main purpose of this paper is using the mean value theorem of DirichletL-functions to study the asymptotic property of a sum analogous to Dedekind sum, and give an interesting mean square value formula.

How Accurate is Qcbed ? -- the Case of Rutile (TiO2)

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (S2) ◽  
pp. 368-369
Author(s):  
B. Jiang ◽  
J. Friis ◽  
J.C.H. Spence
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Errors ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Order Structure ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Silicon Crystals ◽  
Structure Factors ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mott Formula ◽  
Better Than

An accuracy of better than 1% is needed to measure the changes in charge density due to bonding. Here we report an accuracy up to 0.025% (random error) obtained in rutile crystal structure factors measurement by QCBED. This error is the standard deviation in the mean value obtained from ten data sets. Systematic errors may be present. Figure 1 gives an example of the (200) refinement results. Table 1 lists several low order structure factor refinement results. The accuracy of the measured electron structure factors was 0.1-0.2% but after conversion to x-ray structure factors, the accuracy for low orders improved due to the Mott formula [1] For (110) and (101) reflections, the accuracy in x-ray structure factors became 0.025% and 0.048% respectively. This accuracy is equivalent to that of the X-ray single crystal Pendellosung method on silicon crystals [2].The experiments were done on a Leo 912 Omega TEM.

Direct numerical simulation of turbulence in injection-driven three-dimensional cylindrical flows

2011 ◽  
Vol 670 ◽  
pp. 176-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
JU ZHANG ◽  
THOMAS L. JACKSON
Keyword(s):  
Reynolds Number ◽  
Root Mean Square ◽  
Streamwise Velocity ◽  
Wall Turbulence ◽  
Wall Friction ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Wall Shear ◽  
Strong Injection ◽  
Near Wall

Incompressible turbulent flow in a periodic circular pipe with strong injection is studied as a simplified model for the core flow in a solid-propellant rocket motor and other injection-driven internal flows. The model is based on a multi-scale asymptotic approach. The intended application of the current study is erosive burning of solid propellants. Relevant analysis for easily accessible parameters for this application, such as the magnitudes, main frequencies and wavelengths associated with the near-wall shear, and the assessment of near-wall turbulence viscosity is focused on. It is found that, unlike flows with weak or no injection, the near-wall shear is dominated by the root mean square of the streamwise velocity which is a function of the Reynolds number, while the mean streamwise velocity is only weakly dependent on the Reynolds number. As a result, a new wall-friction velocity $\(u_\tau{\,=\,}\sqrt{\tau_w/\rho}\)$, based on the shear stress derived from the sum of the mean and the root mean square, i.e. $\(\tau_{w,inj} {\,=\,} \mu |{\partial (\bar{u}+u_{rms})}/{\partial r}|_w\)$, is proposed for the scaling of turbulent viscosity for turbulent flows with strong injection. We also show that the mean streamwise velocity profile has an inflection point near the injecting surface.

scholarly journals TRUNK BALANCE EXERCISE LEBIH BAIK DARI PADA STRENGTHENING BACK EXERCISE DALAM MENINGKATKAN KESEIMBANGAN KINERJA OTOT ERECTOR SPINE PADA PEMAIN FUTSAL PEMULA

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusuf Nasirudin ◽  
Dewa Putu Gde Purwa Samatra ◽  
Wahyuddin ◽  
Susy Purnawati ◽  
Ni Made Linawati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hypothesis Test ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
The Body ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Balance Exercise ◽  
Strengthening Exercise ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Trunk Balance ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Better Than

In the game of futsal, work of postural muscle balance needed to maintain the stability of the body for receiving the pass and put the ball into the other team's goal at the time of attack, changing the direction of movement quickly when returning to their respective positions and avoid of back disorder. This research is a form of experimental research that will test the effectiveness of the provision of trunk balance exercise is better than the strengthening of back exercises to improve muscle work balance of erector spine on futsal beginner players, in this study sample will be divided into two groups, the first group will be given trunk balance exercise to improve balance of erectorspine muscles work in futsal begginer players, the second group will be given back strengthening exercise to improve balance of erectorspine muscles work in futsal begginer players.This study was conducted for 6 weeks and the intervention performed 18 times during the study period. Samples measured by surface electromyography to measure work of right and left erector muscle by calculating the proportion of the work on the muscle, the measurement is performed at before the intervention and then intervention in accordance with the grouping which has been divided and then after completion of the intervention, the samples will be re-measured to obtain the value of the intervention.The results of the first group who has been given of trunk balance exercise shows the average value of the before treatment (83.82 ± 2.94) % and the mean value of the after treatment (96.74 ± 2.39) %, and in the second group who has been given strengthening back exercise shows the mean value of the before treatment (88.29 ± 1.89) % and the mean value after treatment (95.91 ± 1.75) %, with the probability value of both groups is 0.000 (p <0.05), and can be expressed there is a significant difference between both groups. In the fourth hypothesis test conducted comparative results of both groups, using independent samples t-test using mean value of the first and second groups, in the first group (12.92 ± 2.94) %, and the second group (7.61 ± 2.12) %, with a probability value 0.000 (p<0.05) and can be expressed in statistical analysis is no significant difference between both treatments were carried out and that means, giving trunk balance exercise is better than back strengthening exercise to improve balance of erector spine muscles work on futsal beginner players.

The analysis of temperature fluctuations by pulse-counting techniques

1959 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Townsend
Keyword(s):  
Time Derivative ◽  
Temperature Fluctuations ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Electrical Pulses ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Better Than

To determine experimentally the mean value of a randomly fluctuating quantity, it may be necessary to measure the average value over a considerable interval of time. This problem arose in a recent study of the temperature fluctuations over a heated horizontal plate, and a system was used that depended on the counting of electrical pulses generated at a rate proportional to the quantity being measured. The advantage of this technique is that mean values may be measured over time intervals of almost unlimited length with little added difficulty for the experimenter. Circuits are described which measure: (a) the mean square of a fluctuating quantity and of its time-derivative, (b) the statistical distribution of the fluctuations, (c) the mean frequency of the fluctuation assuming a particular value, and (d) the mean product of two fluctuating quantities. Over the range of use, the stability and linearity of the calibrations is better than 1%, more than sufficient for work on natural convection. In its present form, the equipment responds uniformly to all frequencies below 100 c/s, but it would not be difficult to extend this range of response to higher frequencies.

Uncertainty Quantification of Energy Harvesting Systems Using Method of Quadratures and Maximum Entropy Principle

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aditya Nanda ◽  
M. Amin Karami ◽  
Puneet Singla
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Maximum Entropy ◽  
Density Function ◽  
Root Mean Square ◽  
Maximum Entropy Principle ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Mean Power ◽  
Harvesting Systems ◽  
Entropy Principle ◽  
The Mean

This paper uses the method of Quadratures in conjunction with the Maximum Entropy principle to investigate the effect of parametric uncertainties on the mean power output and root mean square deflection of piezoelectric vibrational energy harvesting systems. Uncertainty in parameters of harvesters could arise from insufficient manufacturing controls or change in material properties over time. We investigate bimorph based harvesters that transduce ambient vibrations to electricity via the piezoelectric effect. Three varieties of energy harvesters — Linear, Nonlinear monostable and Nonlinear bistable are considered in this research. This analysis quantitatively shows the probability density function for the mean power and root mean square deflection as a function of the probability densities of the excitation frequency, excitation amplitude, initial deflection of the bimorph and magnet gap of the energy harvester. The method of Quadratures is used for numerically integrating functions by propagating weighted points from the domain and evaluating the integral as a weighted sum of the function values. In this paper, the method of Quadratures is used for evaluating central moments of the distributions of rms deflection and mean harvested power and, then, in conjunction with the principle of Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) an optimal density function is obtained which maximizes the entropy and satisfies the moment constraints. The The computed nonlinear density functions are validated against Monte Carlo simulations thereby demonstrating the efficiency of the approach. Further, the Maximum Entropy principle is widely applicable to uncertainty quantification of a wide range of dynamic systems.

scholarly journals Evaluating car's ride comfort and controlling vibration of suspension system based on adaptive PID control

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Zongwei Li ◽  
◽  
Vanliem Nguyen ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Root Mean Square ◽  
Pid Control ◽  
Ride Comfort ◽  
Vertical Vibration ◽  
Suspension System ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Road Surface ◽  
Vehicle Body ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Adaptive Pid Control

The vertical vibration of the vehicles not only affects the durability of parts of the vehicle and road surface but it also affects the driver’s ride comfort and health. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of the vertical vibration on the driver’s ride comfort and health under the vehicle different operating conditions. The adaptive PID control is then applied to improve the vehicle's ride comfort. To achieve this goal, a 2D vibration model for the cars with 5 DOF is established to simulate. The different operating conditions of the speed, road surface, load, and working time of the vehicles are respectively evaluated based on the vertical weighted r.m.s. acceleration responses of the driver’s seat and the international standard ISO 2631. The results show that the road surface condition has the greatest influence on the driver’s comfort and health. With the vehicle's suspension system controlled by the adaptive PID controller, the ride comfort of the vehicle is significantly improved under the various road surfaces. Particularly, at ISO level B, the vertical driver's seat root-mean-square acceleration value is greatly reduced by 24.99 % while the pitching vehicle body root-mean-square acceleration value is decreased by 25.10 % in comparison with the passive suspension system.

scholarly journals PERBANDINGAN STATUS KEBERSIHAN GIGI DAN MULUTPADA ANAK BERKEBUTUHAN KHUSUS SLB-B DAN SLB-C KOTA TOMOHON

e-GIGI ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivie Indahwati ◽  
Max F. J. Mantik ◽  
Paulina N. Gunawan
Keyword(s):  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
T Test ◽  
P Value ◽  
Special Needs Children ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Children With Disability ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Better Than

Abstract: Special need children is children with disability mental, physical, and emotion which different with the normal children, thus their more needed parents help in keeping hygene especially oral hygene. Every disability they have influenced the behaviour of special need children in keeping their oral hygiene. This study aimed to obtain the difference of oral hygiene between special needs children in SLB-B and SLB-C in Tomohon.This was a descriptive analytical study. Samples were obtained by total sampling method. This study was conducted at SLB-B GMIM Damai Tomohon and SLB-C Katolik Santa Anna Tomohon. There were 101 children in this study. The results of independent t test showed that there were significant differences between the mean value of OHI-S status at SLB-B (1.86) and the mean value OHI-S status at SLB-B ( 2.50) with a P value of <0,05. Conclusion: Oral hygiene of SLB-B children was significantly better than of SLB-C children.Keywords: oral hygiene, special need childrenAbstrak: Anak berkebutuhan khusus merupakan anak yang memiliki keterbatasan mental, fisik dan emosi yang berbeda dengan anak normal, sehingga mereka memerlukan bantuan dalam menjaga kebersihan diri khusunya kebersihan gigi dan mulut. Perbedaan keterbatasan yang mereka miliki, memengaruhi perilaku anak berkebutuhan khusus dalam menjaga kebersihan gigi dan mulut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat bagaimana perbedaan status kebersihan gigi dan mulut pada anak berkebutuhan khusus di SLB-B dan SLB-C kota Tomohon, Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif analitik. Pengambilan sampel penelitian ini secara total sampling. Pengambilan data dilaksanakan di SLB-B GMIM Damai Tomohon dan SLB-C Katolik Santa Anna Tomohon. Jumlah anak dalam penelitian sebanyak 101 anak. Hasil penelitian diolah dengan uji statistik t tidak berpasangan (independent t test).Dari uji statistik diperoleh bahwa terdapat perbedaan rerata yang bermakna, antara status OHI-S SLB-B dengan nilai rata-rata 1,86 dibandingkan status OHI-S SLB-C dengan nilai rata-rata 2,50 dan nilai p<0,05. Simpulan: Rerata status kebersihan gigi dan mulut SLB-B lebih baik secara bermakna dibandingkan dengan SLB-C.Kata kunci: kebersihan gigi dan mulut, anak berkebutuhan khusus

scholarly journals Comparison of ARIMA and LSTM for prediction of hemorrhagic fever at different time scales in China

PLoS ONE ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. e0262009
Author(s):  
Rui Zhang ◽  
Hejia Song ◽  
Qiulan Chen ◽  
Yu Wang ◽  
Songwang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Mean Square ◽  
Time Scales ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Stochastic Gradient Descent ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Forecasting Models ◽  
Best Fitting ◽  
Different Time Scales ◽  
Better Than

Objectives This study intends to build and compare two kinds of forecasting models at different time scales for hemorrhagic fever incidence in China. Methods Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) and Long Short-Term Memory Neural Network (LSTM) were adopted to fit monthly, weekly and daily incidence of hemorrhagic fever in China from 2013 to 2018. The two models, combined and uncombined with rolling forecasts, were used to predict the incidence in 2019 to examine their stability and applicability. Results ARIMA (2, 1, 1) (0, 1, 1)12, ARIMA (1, 1, 3) (1, 1, 1)52 and ARIMA (5, 0, 1) were selected as the best fitting ARIMA model for monthly, weekly and daily incidence series, respectively. The LSTM model with 64 neurons and Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGDM) for monthly incidence, 8 neurons and Adaptive Moment Estimation (Adam) for weekly incidence, and 64 neurons and Root Mean Square Prop (RMSprop) for daily incidence were selected as the best fitting LSTM models. The values of root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE) and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of the models combined with rolling forecasts in 2019 were lower than those of the direct forecasting models for both ARIMA and LSTM. It was shown from the forecasting performance in 2019 that ARIMA was better than LSTM for monthly and weekly forecasting while the LSTM was better than ARIMA for daily forecasting in rolling forecasting models. Conclusions Both ARIMA and LSTM could be used to build a prediction model for the incidence of hemorrhagic fever. Different models might be more suitable for the incidence prediction at different time scales. The findings can provide a good reference for future selection of prediction models and establishments of early warning systems for hemorrhagic fever.

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